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This book merges approaches in understanding the function of the light-gated ion channels known as channelrhodopsin together with methods addressing how channelrhodopsins can be used to address biomedical questions on a cellular or organismal level. Since the first molecular identification of channelrhodopsins, a broad range of tools have been created and new approaches developed to both better understand the molecular determinants of channelrhodopsin function as well as to use these and homologous proteins from a variety of species as tools to better understand physiological processes, which this volume addresses. Additionally, channelrhodopsins have become instrumental as a potential treatment for disease states. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Channelrhodopsin: Methods and Protocols provides a resource for those interested in honing their current expertise in this vital area of study as well as potentially branching out into new directions.

Neurociències --- Tecnologia mèdica --- Tecnologia sanitària --- Tecnologia --- Reproducció assistida --- Medicina --- Neurociència --- Ciències neurològiques --- Ciències de la salut --- Neuroanatomia --- Neurobiologia --- Neurociència computacional --- Neuroendocrinologia --- Neurofarmacologia --- Neurogenètica --- Neuroquímica --- Sistema nerviós --- Proteins. --- Microbiology. --- Protein Biochemistry. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics

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Cardiology. --- Medical telematics. --- Clinical telematics --- Health telematics --- Telehealth --- Medical informatics --- Telecommunication in medicine --- Telematics --- Heart --- Internal medicine --- Diseases --- Cardiologia --- Tecnologia mèdica --- Tecnologia sanitària --- Tecnologia --- Reproducció assistida --- Medicina --- Medicina interna --- Anestèsia en cardiologia --- Cardiologia geriàtrica --- Cardiologia pediàtrica --- Cardiologia veterinària --- Medicina intensiva en cardiologia --- Malalties cardiovasculars --- Malalties del cor --- Malalties vasculars

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Mental health services --- Internet in medicine. --- Mental illness --- Assistència psiquiàtrica --- Tecnologia mèdica --- Bioinformàtica --- Information technology. --- Treatment. --- Informàtica biològica --- Ciències de la informació --- Biologia computacional --- Tecnologia sanitària --- Tecnologia --- Reproducció assistida --- Medicina --- Atenció psiquiàtrica --- Serveis de salut mental --- Serveis psiquiàtrics --- Serveis públics de salut mental --- Assistència sanitària --- Equipaments de salut mental --- Salut mental --- Psychiatry --- Internet (Computer network) in medicine --- Medicine --- Behavioral health care --- Mental health care --- Psychiatric care --- Psychiatric services --- Medical care

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This handbook is the most authoritative and up-to-date reference on spine technology written for practitioners, researchers, and students in bioengineering and clinical medicine. It is the first resource to provide a road map of both the history of the field and its future by documenting the poor clinical outcomes and failed spinal implants that contributed to problematic patient outcomes, as well as the technologies that are currently leading the way towards positive clinical outcomes. The contributors are leading authorities in the fields of engineering and clinical medicine and represent academia, industry, and international government and regulatory agencies. The chapters are split into five sections, with the first addressing clinical issues such as anatomy, pathology, oncology, trauma, diagnosis, and imaging studies. The second section, on biomechanics, delves into fixation devices, the bone implant interface, total disc replacements, injury mechanics, and more. The last three sections, on technology, are divided into materials, commercialized products, and surgery. All appropriate chapters will be continually updated and available on the publisher’s website, in order to keep this important reference as up-to-date as possible in a fast-moving field. .

Spine. --- Backbone --- Columna vertebralis --- Spinal column --- Vertebral column --- Back --- Bones --- Skeleton --- Columna vertebral --- Tecnologia mèdica --- Espina dorsal --- Raquis --- Ossos --- Vèrtebres --- Tecnologia sanitària --- Tecnologia --- Reproducció assistida --- Medicina --- Nervous system --- Biomedical engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Biomaterials. --- Materials. --- Control engineering. --- Robotics. --- Automation. --- Neurosurgery. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Materials Engineering. --- Control, Robotics, Automation. --- Surgery. --- Automatic factories --- Automatic production --- Computer control --- Engineering cybernetics --- Factories --- Industrial engineering --- Mechanization --- Assembly-line methods --- Automatic control --- Automatic machinery --- CAD/CAM systems --- Robotics --- Automation --- Machine theory --- Control engineering --- Control equipment --- Control theory --- Engineering instruments --- Programmable controllers --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Medicine --- Nerves --- Neurosurgery --- Materials --- Surgery

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Medical technology --- Aging. --- Management science. --- Social aspects. --- Quantitative business analysis --- Management --- Problem solving --- Operations research --- Statistical decision --- Age --- Ageing --- Senescence --- Developmental biology --- Gerontology --- Longevity --- Age factors in disease --- Physiological effect --- Persones grans --- Assistència sanitària --- Envelliment de la població --- Tecnologia mèdica --- Condicions socials --- Qualitat de vida --- Ecologia humana --- Economia del benestar --- Vida --- Qualitat de vida en el treball --- Simplicitat --- Benestar --- Comptabilitat social --- Estils de vida --- Nivell de vida --- Valors socials --- Aspectes socials --- Qüestions socials --- Situació social --- Desenvolupament social --- Condicions rurals --- Situació legal --- Tecnologia sanitària --- Tecnologia --- Reproducció assistida --- Medicina --- Envelliment (Demografia) --- Envelliment demogràfic --- Longevitat --- Població --- Assistència mèdica --- Assistència medicosocial --- Atenció mèdica --- Servei mèdic --- Tractament mèdic --- Salut pública --- Assistència ambulatòria --- Assistència psiquiàtrica --- Assistència hospitalària --- Atenció domiciliària --- Atenció primària --- Medicina personalitzada --- Serveis d'infermeria --- Serveis d'urgències mèdiques --- Serveis farmacèutics --- Assegurances de malaltia --- Assistència sanitària privada --- Serveis sanitaris --- Ancians --- Gent gran --- Persones de la tercera edat --- Tercera edat --- Vells --- Grups d'edat --- Alimentació de les persones grans --- Dones grans --- Envelliment --- Maltractament de les persones grans --- Persones grans dependents --- Persones grans amb discapacitat --- Cura de les persones grans --- Persones dependents --- Psicologia de la vellesa --- Serveis socials per a les persones grans --- Treball social amb les persones grans