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In 1980, young, healthy women in the United States suddenly began to get sick and even die. The unexpected link to these deaths was superabsorbent tampons. Thousands of women used them during their menstrual periods, signaling the potential for a large-scale outbreak. 'Toxic Shock' traces the emergence of this new illness of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) and its relationship to tampon technology. This multifaceted history engages microbiology, design and innovation, journalism and mass communication, product liability, and federal policy and regulation. The broad scope captures the various approaches that contributed to defining meaning about the emergent illness.

Toxic shock syndrome. --- Toxic shock syndrome --- Tampons --- TSS (Disease) --- Septic shock --- Syndromes --- Social aspects. --- Complications. --- Complications and sequelae

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The development of civilization entails the need to find new technological solutions leading to products with new properties. Allies in these efforts are microorganisms that have developed skills to synthesize products with properties of interest to the industry, environmental remediation or water treatment. The evolution of the omics approaches brought new tools to explore the microbial diversity and microorganisms’ potential. These new methodological approaches are readily used in both industrial and environmental microbiology. This Special Issue collects research papers as well as review articles addressing recent advances on applied and environmental microbiology. The review articles critically discuss the importance of biopolymers, specifically xanthan gum, to improve soil properties and the importance that microorganisms of poorly explored environments, such as caves, may have in the production of new bioactive compounds. The microbiological aspects of wastewater treatment and occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater and sludge are studied in two research papers. These works demonstrate the effect that treatment conditions may have in the modulation of the water bacterial communities and how treated wastewater may impact the receiving environment in terms of pollution with antibiotic resistance genes. Additionally, the influence that an invasive species (alligator weed) may have on wetlands organic matter accumulation and bacterial communities was studied, being demonstrated that the presence of the invasive weed affects the wetland microhabitat both in terms of organic matter content and bacterial communities structure.

Research & information: general --- Alternanthera philoxeroide --- bacterial composition --- organic matter --- wetland --- antibiotic resistance --- wastewater --- WWTP --- ARGs --- sulfonamides --- fluoroquinolones --- intermittent aeration --- TSS-rich meat-processing wastewater --- extracellular polymeric substances --- complete denitrification --- microbial structure --- karst --- methane --- carbon dioxide --- greenhouse gases --- methanotrophy --- cave bacteria --- bioactive compounds --- geotechnical engineering --- microbiology --- biopolymer --- bioclogging --- xanthan gum --- soil improvement --- n/a

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The global food supply chain relies on engineered systems, operational practices, and logistics to preserve, protect, process, and deliver agricultural crops along complex supply lines from farmers in low-, middle-, and high-income countries to markets around the world. Food and nutrition security is compromised by post-harvest losses (and food waste) that have been estimated to be as high as 20% in durable and 40% in perishable crops. Preserving crops using technologies and practices such as timely harvesting, evaporative cooling, cold and frozen storage, drying, and dehydrating, and protecting crops using technologies and practices such as damage-less handling, controlled and modified atmosphere storage, non-chemical heat and gas treatment, plant-derived protective films for individual fruits and vegetables, and improved packaging containers are critical to preserving nutrients, improving livelihoods, and realizing an efficient food system. This Special Issue aims to cover recent progress and innovations in science, technology, engineering, operational practices, and logistics related to post-harvest preservation and protection of durable and perishable agricultural crops. It seeks contributions that improve effectiveness, efficiency, reliability and sustainability in post-harvest handling of crops from field to end use that preserve product quality and result in foods and feeds which are nutritious and safe for human and animal consumption.

Research & information: general --- cold storage --- fresh arils --- dried methods --- total soluble solids --- total phenolic content --- storage stability --- maize --- storage systems --- financial profitability --- aeration --- finite element modeling --- stored products --- temperature sensors --- chlorophyll --- fluorescence --- storage atmosphere --- superficial scald --- rootstock --- 1-MCP --- cost-effectiveness of technology --- controlled atmosphere --- ORAC --- TSS --- acidity --- firmness --- biomass utilization --- economic analysis --- grain dryer --- maize drying --- technical performance --- postharvest technologies --- mango postharvest loss --- Yieldwise Initiative --- IRIV --- LS-SVM --- Korla fragrant pear --- quality parameter --- evaluation --- maize grain storage --- hermetic storage bags --- polypropylene storage bags --- quality attributes --- pesticide residues --- grapes --- cluster fruits --- packaging materials --- transportation and placing --- excitation --- vibration --- signals --- postharvest loss --- shelf stable --- nutrition --- bioactive --- byproducts --- n/a

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The global food supply chain relies on engineered systems, operational practices, and logistics to preserve, protect, process, and deliver agricultural crops along complex supply lines from farmers in low-, middle-, and high-income countries to markets around the world. Food and nutrition security is compromised by post-harvest losses (and food waste) that have been estimated to be as high as 20% in durable and 40% in perishable crops. Preserving crops using technologies and practices such as timely harvesting, evaporative cooling, cold and frozen storage, drying, and dehydrating, and protecting crops using technologies and practices such as damage-less handling, controlled and modified atmosphere storage, non-chemical heat and gas treatment, plant-derived protective films for individual fruits and vegetables, and improved packaging containers are critical to preserving nutrients, improving livelihoods, and realizing an efficient food system. This Special Issue aims to cover recent progress and innovations in science, technology, engineering, operational practices, and logistics related to post-harvest preservation and protection of durable and perishable agricultural crops. It seeks contributions that improve effectiveness, efficiency, reliability and sustainability in post-harvest handling of crops from field to end use that preserve product quality and result in foods and feeds which are nutritious and safe for human and animal consumption.

Research & information: general --- cold storage --- fresh arils --- dried methods --- total soluble solids --- total phenolic content --- storage stability --- maize --- storage systems --- financial profitability --- aeration --- finite element modeling --- stored products --- temperature sensors --- chlorophyll --- fluorescence --- storage atmosphere --- superficial scald --- rootstock --- 1-MCP --- cost-effectiveness of technology --- controlled atmosphere --- ORAC --- TSS --- acidity --- firmness --- biomass utilization --- economic analysis --- grain dryer --- maize drying --- technical performance --- postharvest technologies --- mango postharvest loss --- Yieldwise Initiative --- IRIV --- LS-SVM --- Korla fragrant pear --- quality parameter --- evaluation --- maize grain storage --- hermetic storage bags --- polypropylene storage bags --- quality attributes --- pesticide residues --- grapes --- cluster fruits --- packaging materials --- transportation and placing --- excitation --- vibration --- signals --- postharvest loss --- shelf stable --- nutrition --- bioactive --- byproducts --- cold storage --- fresh arils --- dried methods --- total soluble solids --- total phenolic content --- storage stability --- maize --- storage systems --- financial profitability --- aeration --- finite element modeling --- stored products --- temperature sensors --- chlorophyll --- fluorescence --- storage atmosphere --- superficial scald --- rootstock --- 1-MCP --- cost-effectiveness of technology --- controlled atmosphere --- ORAC --- TSS --- acidity --- firmness --- biomass utilization --- economic analysis --- grain dryer --- maize drying --- technical performance --- postharvest technologies --- mango postharvest loss --- Yieldwise Initiative --- IRIV --- LS-SVM --- Korla fragrant pear --- quality parameter --- evaluation --- maize grain storage --- hermetic storage bags --- polypropylene storage bags --- quality attributes --- pesticide residues --- grapes --- cluster fruits --- packaging materials --- transportation and placing --- excitation --- vibration --- signals --- postharvest loss --- shelf stable --- nutrition --- bioactive --- byproducts

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Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) are groups of rhizosphere microorganisms capable of colonizing the root environment. Some of the microbes that inhabit this zone are bacteria and fungi that are capable of efficiently colonizing roots and rhizosphere soil. These microorganisms can be used as biofertilizers for improving agricultural production even under stressful environmental conditions. In contrast to PGPM, plant growth regulators (PGR) are chemical compounds that significantly affect the growth and differentiation of plant cells and tissues. They function as chemical messengers for intercellular communication and play a vital role in plant signaling networks as they are involved in the plant developmental process and a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress responses. The application of PGPM and plant growth regulators/hormones or the synthesis of PGR and signal transduction, perception, and cross-talk creates a complex network that plays an essential role in the regulation of plant physiological processes. A better understanding of the mechanism of action of PGPM and PGR and their roles in plant growth and development, interaction and independence in their action, and hormonal crosstalk under stresses is essential for agricultural production and research. Therefore, this book has contributions in the form of research and review papers from eminent scientists worldwide and discusses the role of PGPM and PGR in agriculture production and research, their potentials as biocontrol agents, their effects on physicochemical properties of soil, innovation for sustainable agriculture, their role in seed transplanting, and their role in mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses.

Research & information: general --- Paecilomyces --- PGPF --- tomato --- pepper --- plant probiotic microorganisms --- Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) --- Solanum lycopersicum L. --- secondary metabolites --- plant insect interactions --- seaweed extract --- phytohormone profiling --- fertilizers --- antioxidant --- plant growth regulators --- brown seaweed --- green algae --- abiotic stresses --- cell membrane stability --- climate change --- osmolytes --- polyamines --- bacterial community composition --- liquid food waste materials (LFM) --- plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) --- plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits --- salinity --- PGPR --- wheat --- compatible solutes --- antioxidant enzymes --- Trichoderma --- plant growth promotion --- biostimulant --- aridity --- Bacillus sp. --- biochar --- nutrient availability --- organic matter --- soil health --- mVOCs --- Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria --- Mentha piperita --- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 --- salt stress --- MDA --- DPPH --- Bradyrhizobium japonicum --- Pseudomonas putida --- plant growth --- plant nutrients --- soil enzymes --- soil nutrients --- soybean --- sweet pepper --- Bacillus --- chitosan --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- fruit yield --- plant growth promoting microorganisms --- abiotic stress --- biotic stress --- flavonoids --- biotic and abiotic stress --- symbiosis --- signaling --- rhizobium --- AMF --- allelopathy --- biocontrol Aspergillus japonicus --- root-knot nematode --- fermentation filtrate --- biological control --- seed germination --- α-Tocopherol --- antioxidants --- drought --- nutrient dynamics --- tissue specific response --- deep N fertilization --- peroxidase activity --- catalase activity --- rice cultivation --- ABA biosynthesis --- drought stress --- gene expression --- signaling network --- transporters --- Zea mays L. --- environmental stresses --- endophytic bacteria --- plant growth promoting ability --- chromium --- Staphylococcus aureus --- oxidative stress --- available phosphorus --- enriched compost --- poultry litter --- rock phosphate --- pear trees --- PGR --- sustainable development --- crop nutrition --- fertiliser --- Timac Agro Italia --- allelopathic bacteria --- antimetabolites --- phytotoxic metabolites --- rhizobacteria --- weed invasion --- anthocyanins --- color --- fruit size --- phenolics --- Punica granatum --- PGPMs (plant growth-promoting microorganisms) --- tee tree oil --- plant biostimulants --- soil-borne phytopathogens --- antagonistic fungi --- biocontrol --- biotic effect --- crop production --- RIDER --- drylands --- water conservation --- biomass reduction --- cereal crops --- growth regulators --- metal stress --- sugar beet --- nitrogen fertilizer --- gibberellic acid --- TSS --- sugar yield --- Paecilomyces --- PGPF --- tomato --- pepper --- plant probiotic microorganisms --- Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) --- Solanum lycopersicum L. --- secondary metabolites --- plant insect interactions --- seaweed extract --- phytohormone profiling --- fertilizers --- antioxidant --- plant growth regulators --- brown seaweed --- green algae --- abiotic stresses --- cell membrane stability --- climate change --- osmolytes --- polyamines --- bacterial community composition --- liquid food waste materials (LFM) --- plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) --- plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits --- salinity --- PGPR --- wheat --- compatible solutes --- antioxidant enzymes --- Trichoderma --- plant growth promotion --- biostimulant --- aridity --- Bacillus sp. --- biochar --- nutrient availability --- organic matter --- soil health --- mVOCs --- Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria --- Mentha piperita --- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 --- salt stress --- MDA --- DPPH --- Bradyrhizobium japonicum --- Pseudomonas putida --- plant growth --- plant nutrients --- soil enzymes --- soil nutrients --- soybean --- sweet pepper --- Bacillus --- chitosan --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- fruit yield --- plant growth promoting microorganisms --- abiotic stress --- biotic stress --- flavonoids --- biotic and abiotic stress --- symbiosis --- signaling --- rhizobium --- AMF --- allelopathy --- biocontrol Aspergillus japonicus --- root-knot nematode --- fermentation filtrate --- biological control --- seed germination --- α-Tocopherol --- antioxidants --- drought --- nutrient dynamics --- tissue specific response --- deep N fertilization --- peroxidase activity --- catalase activity --- rice cultivation --- ABA biosynthesis --- drought stress --- gene expression --- signaling network --- transporters --- Zea mays L. --- environmental stresses --- endophytic bacteria --- plant growth promoting ability --- chromium --- Staphylococcus aureus --- oxidative stress --- available phosphorus --- enriched compost --- poultry litter --- rock phosphate --- pear trees --- PGR --- sustainable development --- crop nutrition --- fertiliser --- Timac Agro Italia --- allelopathic bacteria --- antimetabolites --- phytotoxic metabolites --- rhizobacteria --- weed invasion --- anthocyanins --- color --- fruit size --- phenolics --- Punica granatum --- PGPMs (plant growth-promoting microorganisms) --- tee tree oil --- plant biostimulants --- soil-borne phytopathogens --- antagonistic fungi --- biocontrol --- biotic effect --- crop production --- RIDER --- drylands --- water conservation --- biomass reduction --- cereal crops --- growth regulators --- metal stress --- sugar beet --- nitrogen fertilizer --- gibberellic acid --- TSS --- sugar yield