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Los Angeles is home to the largest population of people of Middle Eastern origin and descent in the United States. Since the late nineteenth century, Syrian and Lebanese migration, in particular, to Southern California has been intimately connected to and through Latin America. Arab Routes uncovers the stories of this Syrian American community, one both Arabized and Latinized, to reveal important cross-border and multiethnic solidarities in Syrian California. Sarah M. A. Gualtieri reconstructs the early Syrian connections through California, Texas, Mexico, and Lebanon. She reveals the Syrian interests in the defense of the Mexican American teens charged in the 1942 Sleepy Lagoon murder, in actor Danny Thomas's rise to prominence in LA's Syrian cultural festivals, and in more recent activities of the grandchildren of immigrants to reclaim a sense of Arabness. Gualtieri reinscribes Syrians into Southern California history through her examination of powerful images and texts, augmented with interviews with descendants of immigrants. Telling the story of how Syrians helped forge a global Los Angeles, Arab Routes counters a long-held stereotype of Arabs as outsiders and underscores their longstanding place in American culture and in interethnic coalitions, past and present.

Syrian Americans --- Arab Americans --- Immigrants --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Persons --- Aliens --- Arabs --- Ethnology --- Syrians --- Ethnic identity. --- Cultural assimilation --- Relations with Hispanic Americans --- History. --- California, Southern --- Southern California --- Emigration and immigration --- Ethnic relations --- Mexicanidad. --- Southern California. --- Syrian-Americans. --- archives. --- inter-ethnic solidarities. --- migration. --- oral history. --- transnationalism.

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This multifaceted study of Syrian immigration to the United States places Syrians- and Arabs more generally-at the center of discussions about race and racial formation from which they have long been marginalized. Between Arab and White focuses on the first wave of Arab immigration and settlement in the United States in the years before World War II, but also continues the story up to the present. It presents an original analysis of the ways in which people mainly from current day Lebanon and Syria-the largest group of Arabic-speaking immigrants before World War II-came to view themselves in racial terms and position themselves within racial hierarchies as part of a broader process of ethnic identity formation.

Syrian Americans --- Ethnology --- Syrians --- Race identity --- History. --- Ethnic identity --- United States --- Race relations. --- Race question --- History of North America --- anno 1800-1899 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1920-1929 --- anno 1930-1939 --- anno 1940-1949 --- Syria --- 20th century american culture. --- american immigration policy. --- arab immigration. --- arab settlement. --- arabs. --- diaspora. --- diasporic nationalism. --- emergent arabism. --- ethic identity formation. --- global disaster. --- historical. --- history. --- immigration and immigrants. --- immigration restriction. --- internal migration. --- international migration. --- jim crow south. --- lebanon. --- lynching. --- marginalized groups. --- marriage. --- political. --- race in america. --- racial formation. --- respectability. --- syria. --- syrian americans. --- syrian immigration. --- united states of america.