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An exploration of product certification programs and the factors that explain their varied success in becoming global governors equipped to tackle environmental and social problems effectively Consumers now encounter organic or fair-trade labels on a variety of products, implying such desirable benefits as improved environmental conditions or more equitable market transactions. But what do we know about the origins and development of the organizations behind these labels? Why have some flourished while others faltered? And why are some sectors rich with labeling organizations while others have very few? This book compares the rise and evolution of certification programs in the coffee, fishery, and forest industries to arrive at a model that reveals how market and political conditions, as well as the characteristics of program founders, shape the early character of the governance rules and certification standards that programs adopt.

Trade regulation --- Sustainable agriculture --- Sustainable forestry --- Forest products --- Coffee industry --- Fisheries --- Coastal fisheries --- Commercial fisheries --- Commercial fishing industry --- Farms, Fish --- Fish farms --- Fishery industry --- Fishery methods --- Fishing industry --- Freshwater fisheries --- Inland fisheries --- Large-scale fisheries --- Marine fisheries --- Marine recreational fisheries --- Recreational fisheries --- Sea fisheries --- Sea fishing industry --- Sport fisheries --- Aquaculture --- Wildlife utilization --- Fishery sciences --- Fishes --- Coffee trade --- Beverage industry --- Forest production --- Botany, Economic --- Commercial products --- Raw materials --- Forest productivity, Maintenance of long-term --- Long-term forest productivity, Maintenance of --- Maintenance of long-term forest productivity --- Forests and forestry --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture --- Regulation of trade --- Regulatory reform --- Commercial law --- Consumer protection --- Deregulation --- Environmental aspects. --- Standards. --- Certification. --- Law and legislation --- Environmental aspects --- Standards --- Certification --- E-books --- Trade regulation -- Environmental aspects.. --- Sustainable agriculture -- Standards.. --- Sustainable forestry -- Standards.. --- Forest products -- Certification.. --- Coffee industry -- Certification.. --- Fisheries -- Certification.