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Drainage. --- Stabilisation --- Surcharge --- Stabilisation --- Surcharge

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"À une époque où l’infoanxiété causée par la surabondance de nouvelles et d’opinions dans notre univers multiplateforme est de plus en plus manifeste, ne serait-il pas judicieux à l’occasion, pour préserver son hygiène mentale et surtout celle des autres, de réserver son opinion en se demandant si l’expression publique de ce qui pourrait être évoqué autour de la machine à café au bureau - ou pas du tout - contribue réellement à enrichir la conversation". Un essai qui en appelle à un peu plus de silence ; non pas le silence qui imposerait la dictature de sa présence, mais bien celui qui permet de penser, de réfléchir, d’écouter, de soupeser. Et de peut-être, ou pas, choisir de se taire. Avec cet essai de réparation, j’aimerais revaloriser le dialogue intérieur, le recul, la réflexion et la discrétion au profit d’une conversation publique plus intelligible.

Information society --- Information overload --- Société numérique --- Société numérique --- Surcharge informationnelle --- Société médiatique --- Communication --- Psychologie. --- Aspect moral

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En nous basant sur la littérature sur le stress dans la police et les recherches de Duxbury et al., notre étude vise à déterminer les impacts de la surcharge des rôles sur le niveau de stress des policiers dans un système polyvalent et décentralisé, en l’espèce la Zone de Police Vesdre. 96 policiers ont répondu à nos questions. Nous avons utilisé un questionnaire basé sur celui déployé par Duxbury et al. pour tester six hypothèses. Nous avons ensuite analysé les différentes relations entre les variables. Nos résultats ont démontré une forte corrélation entre la surcharge de rôles et l’augmentation du niveau de stress. La multiplicité de demandes concurrentielles influait positivement sur le niveau de surcharge du rôle du travail et le stress ressenti. Etonnamment, un grade plus élevé ne semble pas générer plus de stress. Le prorata de temps passé à s’occuper de sa famille influe positivement sur le niveau de surcharge de rôle familial pour les policiers de notre échantillon. Nous pouvons conclure que les résultats de cette étude aideraient à établir des systèmes organisationnels présentant un meilleur équilibre travail-temps personnel dans la police belge et plus particulièrement dans des structures polyvalentes et décentralisées. Une étude qualitative permettrait d’avoir une approche plus en profondeur, particulièrement afin d’évaluer la situation du rôle familial et tenter de mettre en place un système plus efficient. Based on police literature and on the research of Duxbury and al., we tried to see the impact of the work-role overload and the family-role overload on the level of stress of a police officer in a polyvalent and decentralized system, by studying the police zone Vesdre. 96 of the police officers answered our questions. We used a questionnaire based on the work of Duxbury to test 6 hypotheses. Then we analyzed the relations between the different variables, trying to identify the inferences that could exist between role-overload and stress. Our results showed us that work-role and family-role overload are strongly correlated to higher levels of stress. Multiple and concurring work demands also play in favor of higher levels of stress. We were surprised to see that a higher rank does not generate more stress. The pro-rata of time dedicated to children and other family tasks seem to put a higher family-role overload on the police officers of our sample. We can conclude that the results from this study would help establish better policies regarding the balance of work and personal time in the Belgian police and especially in polyvalent and decentralized structures. A qualitative study would help us to have deeper insights and help to develop a better system.

police --- stress --- surcharge des rôles --- stress ressenti --- police --- stress --- role overload --- perceived stress --- Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques > Criminologie

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Cette recherche qualitative, basée sur une méthodologie de théorisation ancrée a pour objectif de déceler les impacts organisationnels que les TIC engendrent dans l'activité des cadres et en dehors des heures de travail. De plus, leur perception par rapport à la déconnexion et plus particulièrement au droit à la déconnexion est également analysée.

Technologies de l'information et de la communication --- TIC --- cadres --- impacts organisationnels --- surcharge informationnelle --- information overload --- infobésité --- déconnexion --- droit à la déconnexion --- hyperconnexion --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Gestion des ressources humaines

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Exceptional loads on buildings and structures are known to take origin and manifest from different causes, like natural hazards and possible high-strain dynamic effects, human-made attacks and impact issues for load-bearing components, possible accidents, and even unfavorable/extreme operational conditions. All these aspects can be critical for specific structural typologies and/or materials that are particularly sensitive to external conditions. In this regard, dedicated analysis methods and performance indicators are required for the design and maintenance under the expected lifetime. Typical issues and challenges can find huge efforts and clarification in research studies, which are able to address with experiments and/or numerical analyses the expected performance and capacity of a given structural system, with respect to demands. Accordingly, especially for existing structures or strategic buildings, the need for retrofit or mitigation of adverse effects suggests the definition of optimal and safe use of innovative materials, techniques, and procedures. This Special Issue follows the first successful edition and confirms the need of continuous research efforts in support of building design under extreme loads, with a list of original research papers focused on various key aspects of structural performance assessment for buildings and systems under exceptional design actions and operational conditions.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- blast loads --- slab-column joints --- prediction model --- damage level --- progressive collapse --- steel beam-to-column connections --- catenary mechanism --- double-span assemblies --- stiffness degradation --- timber-to-timber composite (TCC) joints --- push-out (PO) test setup --- inclined self-tapping screws (STSs) --- finite-element (FE) method --- cohesive zone modelling (CZM) method --- boundaries --- friction --- sensitivity study --- prototype abutment --- non-destructive test --- surcharge load --- mode number --- scour --- steel truss --- roof structure --- partial collapse --- finite element analysis --- lightning strike --- cable-stayed bridge --- social disaster --- blast scenario --- blast analysis --- LS-DYNA --- balau wood --- cross-arm --- transmission tower --- bracing system --- creep --- findley's power law model --- burger model --- top-seat angle connections (TSACW) --- component-based models --- initial stiffness --- ultimate moment capacity --- moment-rotation relation --- artificial neural network (ANN) --- sensitivity analysis (SA) --- reinforced concrete column --- multi-column pier --- seismic behavior --- lap-splice --- transverse reinforcement --- plastic hinge --- ductility --- bonded-in rod (BiR) connections --- adhesives --- fracture modes --- moisture --- experiments --- linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) --- analytical model --- aeroelastic experiments --- experimental uncertainty --- singular value decomposition --- correlation field --- cathedral --- foundation rehabilitation --- jacked-in piles --- soil injection --- cracks --- masonry --- differential equation of motion --- Legendre-Galerkin matrix (LGM) method --- algebraic polynomials --- single degree of freedom (SDOF) --- multi degree of freedom (MDOF) --- blast loads --- slab-column joints --- prediction model --- damage level --- progressive collapse --- steel beam-to-column connections --- catenary mechanism --- double-span assemblies --- stiffness degradation --- timber-to-timber composite (TCC) joints --- push-out (PO) test setup --- inclined self-tapping screws (STSs) --- finite-element (FE) method --- cohesive zone modelling (CZM) method --- boundaries --- friction --- sensitivity study --- prototype abutment --- non-destructive test --- surcharge load --- mode number --- scour --- steel truss --- roof structure --- partial collapse --- finite element analysis --- lightning strike --- cable-stayed bridge --- social disaster --- blast scenario --- blast analysis --- LS-DYNA --- balau wood --- cross-arm --- transmission tower --- bracing system --- creep --- findley's power law model --- burger model --- top-seat angle connections (TSACW) --- component-based models --- initial stiffness --- ultimate moment capacity --- moment-rotation relation --- artificial neural network (ANN) --- sensitivity analysis (SA) --- reinforced concrete column --- multi-column pier --- seismic behavior --- lap-splice --- transverse reinforcement --- plastic hinge --- ductility --- bonded-in rod (BiR) connections --- adhesives --- fracture modes --- moisture --- experiments --- linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) --- analytical model --- aeroelastic experiments --- experimental uncertainty --- singular value decomposition --- correlation field --- cathedral --- foundation rehabilitation --- jacked-in piles --- soil injection --- cracks --- masonry --- differential equation of motion --- Legendre-Galerkin matrix (LGM) method --- algebraic polynomials --- single degree of freedom (SDOF) --- multi degree of freedom (MDOF)