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This book focuses on one mechanism in black hole physics which has proven to be universal, multifaceted and with a rich phenomenology: rotational superradiance. This is an energy extraction process, whereby black holes can deposit their rotational energy in their surroundings, leading to Penrose processes, black-hole bombs, and even Hawking radiation. Black holes are key players in star formation mechanisms and as engines to some of the most violent events in our universe. Their simplicity and compactness make them perfect laboratories, ideally suited to probe new fields or modifications to the theory of gravity. Thus, black holes can also be used to probe some of the most important open problems in physics, including the nature of dark matter or the strong CP problem in particle physics. This monograph is directed to researchers and graduate students and provides a unified view of the subject, covering the theoretical machinery, experimental efforts in the laboratory, and astrophysics searches. It is focused on recent developments and works out a number of novel examples and applications, ranging from fundamental physics to astrophysics. Non-specialists with a scientific background should also find this text a valuable resource for understanding the critical issues of contemporary research in black-hole physics. This second edition stresses the role of ergoregions in superradiance, and completes its catalogue of energy-extraction processes. It presents a unified description of instabilities of spinning black holes in the presence of massive fields. Finally, it covers the first experimental observation of superradiance, and reviews the state-of-the-art in the searches for new light fields in the universe using superradiance as a mechanism.
Gravitation. --- Cosmology. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Astronomy --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Matter --- Physics --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Properties --- Superradiance. --- Emission, Superradiant --- Superradiant emission --- Radiation
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This volume gives a unified picture of the multifaceted subject of superradiance, with a focus on recent developments in the field, ranging from fundamental physics to astrophysics. Superradiance is a radiation enhancement process that involves dissipative systems. With a 60 year-old history, superradiance has played a prominent role in optics, quantum mechanics and especially in relativity and astrophysics. In Einstein's General Relativity, black-hole superradiance is permitted by dissipation at the event horizon, which allows energy extraction from the vacuum, even at the classical level. When confined, this amplified radiation can give rise to strong instabilities known as "blackhole bombs'', which have applications in searches for dark matter, in physics beyond the Standard Model and in analog models of gravity. This book discusses and draws together all these fascinating aspects of superradiance.
Physics. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Cosmology. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Quantum theory. --- Physique --- Théorie quantique --- Atomic Physics --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Gravitation. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Superradiance. --- Emission, Superradiant --- Superradiant emission --- Radiation --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Astronomy --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Properties
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Integration, Functional --- Collective excitations --- Matter --- Superfluidity --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics) --- Superradiance --- Effect of radiation on --- -Phase transformations (Statistical physics) --- Emission, Superradiant --- Superradiant emission --- Condensed degenerate gases --- Degenerate gases, Condensed --- Superfluids --- Liquid helium --- Low temperatures --- Quantum statistics --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Functional integration --- Excitations, Collective --- Exciton theory --- Statistical physics --- Electronics and optics of solids --- Radiation --- Superconductivity --- Functional analysis --- Integrals, Generalized --- Energy-band theory of solids --- Matter - Effect of radiation on
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