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Basal ganglia : physiological, behavioral, and computational studies

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Abstract

The basal ganglia has received much attention over the last two decades, as it has been implicated in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Most of this research—in both animals and humans—attempt to understand the neural and biochemical substrates of basic motor and learning processes, and how these are affected in human patients as well as animal models of brain disorders. The current volume contains research articles and reviews describing basic, pre-clinical and clinical neuroscience research of the basal ganglia written by attendees of the 11th Triennial Meeting of the International Basal Ganglia Society (IBAGS) that was held March 3-7th, 2013 at the Princess Hotel, Eilat, Israel and by researchers of the basal ganglia. Specifically, articles in this volume include research reports on the biochemistry, computational theory, anatomy and physiology of single neurons and functional circuitry of the basal ganglia networks as well as the latest data on animal models of basal ganglia dysfunction and clinical studies in human patients.


Book
Basal ganglia : physiological, behavioral, and computational studies

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Abstract

The basal ganglia has received much attention over the last two decades, as it has been implicated in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Most of this research—in both animals and humans—attempt to understand the neural and biochemical substrates of basic motor and learning processes, and how these are affected in human patients as well as animal models of brain disorders. The current volume contains research articles and reviews describing basic, pre-clinical and clinical neuroscience research of the basal ganglia written by attendees of the 11th Triennial Meeting of the International Basal Ganglia Society (IBAGS) that was held March 3-7th, 2013 at the Princess Hotel, Eilat, Israel and by researchers of the basal ganglia. Specifically, articles in this volume include research reports on the biochemistry, computational theory, anatomy and physiology of single neurons and functional circuitry of the basal ganglia networks as well as the latest data on animal models of basal ganglia dysfunction and clinical studies in human patients.


Book
Basal ganglia : physiological, behavioral, and computational studies

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Abstract

The basal ganglia has received much attention over the last two decades, as it has been implicated in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Most of this research—in both animals and humans—attempt to understand the neural and biochemical substrates of basic motor and learning processes, and how these are affected in human patients as well as animal models of brain disorders. The current volume contains research articles and reviews describing basic, pre-clinical and clinical neuroscience research of the basal ganglia written by attendees of the 11th Triennial Meeting of the International Basal Ganglia Society (IBAGS) that was held March 3-7th, 2013 at the Princess Hotel, Eilat, Israel and by researchers of the basal ganglia. Specifically, articles in this volume include research reports on the biochemistry, computational theory, anatomy and physiology of single neurons and functional circuitry of the basal ganglia networks as well as the latest data on animal models of basal ganglia dysfunction and clinical studies in human patients.


Article
Lesions to the subthalamic nucleus decrease impulsive choice but impair autoshaping in rats: the importance of the basal ganglia in Pavlovian conditioning and impulse control.

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Although the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is involved in regulating motor function, and inactivation of this structure relieves the motor symptoms in Parkinsonian patients, recent data indicate that corticosubthalamic connections are involved in both the regulation of attention and the ability to withhold from responding. Considerable evidence suggests that the neural circuitry underlying such behavioural disinhibition or impulsive action can be at least partially dissociated from that implicated in impulsive decision-making and it has been suggested that the tendency to choose impulsively is related to the ability to form and use Pavlovian associations. To explore these hypotheses further, STN-lesioned rats were tested on the delay-discounting model of impulsive choice, where impulsivity is defined as the selection of a small immediate over a larger delayed reward, as well as in a rodent autoshaping paradigm. In contrast to previous reports of increased impulsive action, STN lesions decreased impulsive choice but dramatically impaired the acquisition of the autoshaping response. When the STN was lesioned after the establishment of autoshaping behaviour, lesioned subjects were more sensitive to the omission of reward, indicative of a reduction in the use of Pavlovian associations to control autoshaping performance. These results emphasize the importance of the STN in permitting conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus associations to regulate goal-seeking, a function which may relate to the alterations in impulsive choice observed in the delay-discounting task. These data bear a striking similarity to those observed after lesions of the orbitofrontal cortex and are suggestive of an important role for corticosubthalamic connections in complex cognitive behaviour


Book
Trends in Clinical Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This book covers the current trends in clinical deep brain stimulation (DBS) research. This collection of papers from experts in the field provides state of the art knowledge and future perspectives in clinical DBS research. A range of topics involved in DBS is presented, ranging from high resolution imaging, electrophysiology and personalized medicine, in a broad range of brain disorders.

Keywords

Medicine --- deep brain stimulation --- Parkinson's disease --- illness representations --- illness perceptions --- coping strategies --- microelectrode recordings --- subthalamic nucleus --- procedural sedation and analgesia --- clonidine --- dexmedetomidine --- remifentanil --- DBS --- tremor --- stimulation parameters --- DBS programming algorithm --- DBS side effects --- thalamic nucleus --- zona incerta --- closed loop --- sensing --- electrophysiology --- neurophysiology --- pain --- thermal grill --- imaging --- obsessive compulsive disorder --- cognitive behavioral therapy --- major depressive disorder --- treatment resistant depression --- neuropsychological subtypes --- personalized treatment approach --- treatment-resistant depression --- depression --- meta-analysis --- meta-regression --- subcallosal cingulate gyrus --- medial forebrain bundle --- inferior thalamic peduncle --- ventral capsule --- ventral striatum --- general anesthesia --- intraoperative computed tomography --- intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging --- local anesthesia --- microelectrode recording --- magnetic resonance imaging --- ultra-high field --- chronic pain --- lead externalization --- trial period --- stereoEEG --- subcallosal cingulate --- medial prefrontal cortex --- selection --- levodopa --- axial symptoms --- non motor symptoms --- genetics --- deep brain stimulation --- Parkinson's disease --- illness representations --- illness perceptions --- coping strategies --- microelectrode recordings --- subthalamic nucleus --- procedural sedation and analgesia --- clonidine --- dexmedetomidine --- remifentanil --- DBS --- tremor --- stimulation parameters --- DBS programming algorithm --- DBS side effects --- thalamic nucleus --- zona incerta --- closed loop --- sensing --- electrophysiology --- neurophysiology --- pain --- thermal grill --- imaging --- obsessive compulsive disorder --- cognitive behavioral therapy --- major depressive disorder --- treatment resistant depression --- neuropsychological subtypes --- personalized treatment approach --- treatment-resistant depression --- depression --- meta-analysis --- meta-regression --- subcallosal cingulate gyrus --- medial forebrain bundle --- inferior thalamic peduncle --- ventral capsule --- ventral striatum --- general anesthesia --- intraoperative computed tomography --- intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging --- local anesthesia --- microelectrode recording --- magnetic resonance imaging --- ultra-high field --- chronic pain --- lead externalization --- trial period --- stereoEEG --- subcallosal cingulate --- medial prefrontal cortex --- selection --- levodopa --- axial symptoms --- non motor symptoms --- genetics


Book
Trends in Clinical Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This book covers the current trends in clinical deep brain stimulation (DBS) research. This collection of papers from experts in the field provides state of the art knowledge and future perspectives in clinical DBS research. A range of topics involved in DBS is presented, ranging from high resolution imaging, electrophysiology and personalized medicine, in a broad range of brain disorders.


Book
Trends in Clinical Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Export citation

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Bookmark

Abstract

This book covers the current trends in clinical deep brain stimulation (DBS) research. This collection of papers from experts in the field provides state of the art knowledge and future perspectives in clinical DBS research. A range of topics involved in DBS is presented, ranging from high resolution imaging, electrophysiology and personalized medicine, in a broad range of brain disorders.

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