Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In The Paradox of Representation David Lublin offers an unprecedented analysis of a vast range of rigorous, empirical evidence that exposes the central paradox of racial representation: Racial redistricting remains vital to the election of African Americans and Latinos but makes Congress less likely to adopt policies favored by blacks. Lublin's evidence, together with policy recommendations for improving minority representation, will make observers of the political scene reconsider the avenues to fair representation. Using data on all representatives elected to Congress between 1972 and 1994, Lublin examines the link between the racial composition of a congressional district and its representative's race as well as ideology. The author confirms the view that specially drawn districts must exist to ensure the election of African Americans and Latinos. He also shows, however, that a relatively small number of minorities in a district can lead to the election of a representative attentive to their interests. When African Americans and Latinos make up 40 percent of a district, according to Lublin's findings, they have a strong liberalizing influence on representatives of both parties; when they make up 55 percent, the district is almost certain to elect a minority representative. Lublin notes that particularly in the South, the practice of concentrating minority populations into a small number of districts decreases the liberal influence in the remaining areas. Thus, a handful of minority representatives, almost invariably Democrats, win elections, but so do a greater number of conservative Republicans. The author proposes that establishing a balance between majority-minority districts and districts where the minority population would be slightly more dispersed, making up 40 percent of a total district, would allow more African Americans to exercise more influence over their representatives.

Hispanic American legislators. --- African American legislators. --- Election districts --- Gerrymandering --- United States. --- Election districts. --- American Conservative Union (ACU). --- Congressional Black Caucus. --- Democratic gerrymanders. --- Equal Protection Clause. --- Foglietta, Thomas. --- Handley, Lisa. --- Jews. --- Justice Department. --- Lancaster, Martin. --- Latino National Political Survey. --- Massachusetts. --- National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL). --- Reaganomics. --- Social Security. --- Texas. --- Virginia. --- Women in Congress. --- Young, Andrew. --- attorney general. --- bora-again Christians. --- disfranchisement. --- gerrymanders. --- ideology. --- liberals. --- model specification. --- proportional representation. --- racial polarization. --- substantive representation. --- supermajority districts. --- white backlash.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Do women participate in and influence meetings equally with men? Does gender shape how a meeting is run and whose voices are heard? The Silent Sex shows how the gender composition and rules of a deliberative body dramatically affect who speaks, how the group interacts, the kinds of issues the group takes up, whose voices prevail, and what the group ultimately decides. It argues that efforts to improve the representation of women will fall short unless they address institutional rules that impede women's voices. Using groundbreaking experimental research supplemented with analysis of school boards, Christopher Karpowitz and Tali Mendelberg demonstrate how the effects of rules depend on women's numbers, so that small numbers are not fatal with a consensus process, but consensus is not always beneficial when there are large numbers of women. Men and women enter deliberative settings facing different expectations about their influence and authority. Karpowitz and Mendelberg reveal how the wrong institutional rules can exacerbate women's deficit of authority while the right rules can close it, and, in the process, establish more cooperative norms of group behavior and more generous policies for the disadvantaged. Rules and numbers have far-reaching implications for the representation of women and their interests. Bringing clarity and insight to one of today's most contentious debates, The Silent Sex provides important new findings on ways to bring women's voices into the conversation on matters of common concern.

Corporate meetings. --- Women. --- Social participation. --- Social interaction. --- Social groups. --- Social psychology. --- Mendelberg, Tali. --- American politics. --- American women. --- advanced economies. --- all-female groups. --- authoritative representation. --- authority. --- children. --- civic activists. --- civic organizations. --- class privileges. --- compassion issues. --- confidence. --- confident participants. --- consensus process. --- cooperation. --- decision making. --- decision-making groups. --- deliberation. --- deliberative democracy. --- democracy. --- descriptive representation. --- disadvantaged groups. --- education. --- efficacy. --- ethnicity. --- female citizens. --- gender composition. --- gender differences. --- gender gap. --- gender. --- government intervention. --- group behaviour. --- group interaction. --- group-level factors. --- income redistribution. --- inequality. --- influence. --- international speakers. --- justice. --- lower confidence. --- majority rule. --- majority-rule meetings. --- meetings. --- men. --- minorities. --- minority status. --- mixed-gender combinations. --- modern America. --- political participation. --- politics. --- poor populations. --- poverty. --- public affairs. --- race. --- representation. --- school boards. --- second-class citizens. --- silent sex. --- social group. --- solidarity. --- speech. --- substantive representation. --- symbolic representation. --- taxes. --- women. --- Corporate meetings --- Women --- Social participation --- Social interaction --- Social groups --- Social psychology

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Race, Ethnicity, and the Participation Gap begins with the argument that political institutions in settler and culturally diverse societies such as Australia, the United States, and Canada should mirror their culturally diverse populations. Compared to the United States and Canada, however, Australia has very low rates of immigrant and ethnic minority political representation in the Commonwealth Parliament, particularly in the House of Representatives. The overall existence of racial hierarchies within formal political institutions represents an inconsistency with the democratic ideals of representation and accountability in pluralist societies. Drawing on findings from the United States, Canada, and Australia, Juliet Pietsch reveals that the lack of political representation in Australia is significant when compared to the United States and Canada, revealing a serious democratic deficit. Her book is devoted to exploring this central puzzle: why is it that, despite having a similar history to other settler countries, Australia shows such comparatively low rates of political participation among its immigrant and ethnic minority populations from non-British and European backgrounds? In addressing this crucial question, Race, Ethnicity, and the Participation Gap examines the impact of Australia's alternative path on the political representation of immigrants and ethnic minorities.

Minorities --- Race --- Physical anthropology --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Segregation --- Political activity --- Political aspects --- Immigrants. --- descriptive representation. --- ethnic. --- minorities. --- participation. --- politica. --- substantive representation. --- Australia. --- Australie --- Australia --- Politique et gouvernement. --- Relations raciales. --- Politics and government. --- Race relations. --- Ethnic relations. --- Ahitereiria --- Aostralia --- Ástralía --- ʻAukekulelia --- Austraalia --- Austraalia Ühendus --- Australian Government --- Australien --- Australiese Gemenebes --- Aŭstralii͡ --- Australija --- Austrālijas Savienība --- Australijos Sandrauga --- Aŭstralio --- Australské společenstv --- Ausztrál Államszövetség --- Ausztrália --- Avstralii͡ --- Avstraliĭski sŭi͡uz --- Avstraliĭskiĭ Soi͡uz --- Avstraliĭskii͡at sŭi͡uz --- Avstralija --- Awstralia --- Awstralja --- Awstralya --- Aystralia --- Commonwealth of Australia --- Cymanwlad Awstralia --- Državna zaednica Avstralija --- Government of Australia --- Ḳehiliyat Osṭralyah --- Koinopoliteia tēs Aystralias --- Komanwel Australia --- Komonveltot na Avstralija --- Komonwelt sa Awstralya --- Komunaĵo de Aŭstralio --- Komunejo de Aŭstralio --- Kūmunwālth al-Usturāl --- Mancomunidad de Australia --- Mancomunitat d'Austràlia --- Negara Persemakmuran Australia --- New Holland --- Nova Hollandia --- Osṭralyah --- Ōsutoraria --- Persemakmuran Australia --- Samveldið Ástralía --- Usṭralyah --- Usturāliy --- Whakaminenga o Ahitereiria