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Parallel transmission enables control of the RF field in high-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). However, the approach has also caused concerns about the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the patient body. The present work provides new concepts for SAR prediction. A novel approach for generating human body models is proposed, based on a water-fat separated MRI pre-scan. Furthermore, this work explores various approaches for SAR reduction.

patient safety --- radio frequency --- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) --- parallel transmission --- Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)

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In this work, the physiological effects of time-varying magnetic fields up to 100 kHz have been investigated, namely magnetic stimulation and body warming. Simulation studies were based on numerical calculations on sophisticated cell and body models. In addition, magnetic stimulation thresholds have been determined experimentally.The project was carried out within the scope of the development of Magnetic Particle Imaging, a new imaging technology for medical diagnostics.

Biomedical Engineering --- Magnetic Stimulation --- Magnetic Particle Imaging --- Physiological Effects --- Specific Absorption Rate

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This Special Issue is a collection of high-quality reviews and original papers from editorial board members, guest editors, and leading researchers discussing new knowledge or new cutting-edge developments in the field of engineering.

Technology: general issues --- hydrofoil optimization --- NSGA-II --- CFD --- XFOIL --- NACA 63815 --- bezier curve --- ultrasound application --- glass bottles --- fruit juice --- foam drainage --- foaming behavior --- martensitic phase transformation (MPT) --- grain misorientation (GMO) --- surface roughening (Ra) --- grain size (Dg) --- solid oxide fuel cell --- computational fluid dynamics --- sensitivity analysis --- optimization --- sand retention test --- sand control devices --- sand production --- sand replication --- SAGD --- probabilistic risk assessment --- multi-hazards --- nuclear safety --- dry-cured ham --- food-grade chemical --- coating --- mechanical performance characteristics --- chemical treatment --- ham nets --- pest management --- mechanical test --- mesh fabric --- artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) --- specific absorption rate (SAR) --- coplanar waveguide (CPW) antenna --- magneto-dielectric (MD) --- mobile phones --- wireless communications --- optical multi-band systems --- physical layer modeling --- fiber-optic communications --- commercially available components --- planar transformer --- eco-design --- environmental impact evaluation --- product efficiency --- DC-DC converter --- dual active bridge (DAB) --- life cycle optimization --- fuel optimization --- low cost HEV --- optimum hybridization --- bubble nucleation --- gas-liquid systems --- supersaturation --- step-down pressure --- Fick's second law diffusion --- characteristic time --- Q factor --- damping model --- transitional flow regime --- viscous flow regime --- MEMS oscillator --- bending modes --- zirconium phosphate --- titanium phosphate --- nanolayered phosphates --- nanofibrous titanium phosphate --- chemical synthesis --- crystal structure --- technological applications --- drug delivery --- biomedical applications --- hydrofoil optimization --- NSGA-II --- CFD --- XFOIL --- NACA 63815 --- bezier curve --- ultrasound application --- glass bottles --- fruit juice --- foam drainage --- foaming behavior --- martensitic phase transformation (MPT) --- grain misorientation (GMO) --- surface roughening (Ra) --- grain size (Dg) --- solid oxide fuel cell --- computational fluid dynamics --- sensitivity analysis --- optimization --- sand retention test --- sand control devices --- sand production --- sand replication --- SAGD --- probabilistic risk assessment --- multi-hazards --- nuclear safety --- dry-cured ham --- food-grade chemical --- coating --- mechanical performance characteristics --- chemical treatment --- ham nets --- pest management --- mechanical test --- mesh fabric --- artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) --- specific absorption rate (SAR) --- coplanar waveguide (CPW) antenna --- magneto-dielectric (MD) --- mobile phones --- wireless communications --- optical multi-band systems --- physical layer modeling --- fiber-optic communications --- commercially available components --- planar transformer --- eco-design --- environmental impact evaluation --- product efficiency --- DC-DC converter --- dual active bridge (DAB) --- life cycle optimization --- fuel optimization --- low cost HEV --- optimum hybridization --- bubble nucleation --- gas-liquid systems --- supersaturation --- step-down pressure --- Fick's second law diffusion --- characteristic time --- Q factor --- damping model --- transitional flow regime --- viscous flow regime --- MEMS oscillator --- bending modes --- zirconium phosphate --- titanium phosphate --- nanolayered phosphates --- nanofibrous titanium phosphate --- chemical synthesis --- crystal structure --- technological applications --- drug delivery --- biomedical applications

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• Reference Manager
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This Special Issue is a collection of high-quality reviews and original papers from editorial board members, guest editors, and leading researchers discussing new knowledge or new cutting-edge developments in the field of engineering.

hydrofoil optimization --- NSGA-II --- CFD --- XFOIL --- NACA 63815 --- bezier curve --- ultrasound application --- glass bottles --- fruit juice --- foam drainage --- foaming behavior --- martensitic phase transformation (MPT) --- grain misorientation (GMO) --- surface roughening (Ra) --- grain size (Dg) --- solid oxide fuel cell --- computational fluid dynamics --- sensitivity analysis --- optimization --- sand retention test --- sand control devices --- sand production --- sand replication --- SAGD --- probabilistic risk assessment --- multi-hazards --- nuclear safety --- dry-cured ham --- food-grade chemical --- coating --- mechanical performance characteristics --- chemical treatment --- ham nets --- pest management --- mechanical test --- mesh fabric --- artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) --- specific absorption rate (SAR) --- coplanar waveguide (CPW) antenna --- magneto-dielectric (MD) --- mobile phones --- wireless communications --- optical multi-band systems --- physical layer modeling --- fiber-optic communications --- commercially available components --- planar transformer --- eco-design --- environmental impact evaluation --- product efficiency --- DC-DC converter --- dual active bridge (DAB) --- life cycle optimization --- fuel optimization --- low cost HEV --- optimum hybridization --- bubble nucleation --- gas-liquid systems --- supersaturation --- step-down pressure --- Fick’s second law diffusion --- characteristic time --- Q factor --- damping model --- transitional flow regime --- viscous flow regime --- MEMS oscillator --- bending modes --- zirconium phosphate --- titanium phosphate --- nanolayered phosphates --- nanofibrous titanium phosphate --- chemical synthesis --- crystal structure --- technological applications --- drug delivery --- biomedical applications --- n/a --- Fick's second law diffusion