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In the early 2000s, the International Accounting Standards Board introduced International Financial Reporting Standards to create a common global language for business affairs. While IFRS has been widely adopted by large companies, its implementation among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises has been limited. This master's thesis examines the challenges faced by Belgian SMEs in implementing IFRS, focusing on the specific obstacles these entities encounter in their transition from Belgian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles to IFRS. 
The research explores various aspects of IFRS implementation, including motivations, key challenges, specific areas of difficulty, implementation processes, and ongoing compliance issues. Key findings reveal a low adoption rate of IFRS among Belgian SMEs, with only 21.5% of Belgian companies using IFRS being SMEs. The study identifies several significant challenges, including the complexity of specific IFRS standards (particularly IAS 36, IAS 38, and IFRS 9), substantial differences between IFRS and Belgian GAAP, resource constraints, the burden of maintaining dual reporting systems, and industry-specific challenges.
Despite these obstacles, the research also highlights potential benefits of IFRS adoption, such as improved financial reporting quality, enhanced international comparability, and potentially lower cost of capital. However, for many SMEs, these benefits are often outweighed by the significant implementation costs and ongoing compliance burdens.
This thesis concludes that while IFRS implementation presents significant challenges for Belgian SMEs, it also offers potential opportunities for those seeking international growth or improved financial reporting. To address these challenges, the study recommends developing tailored, sector-specific IFRS implementation guides, creating affordable IFRS-compliant software solutions for SMEs, and introducing financial incentives for IFRS adoption. The findings of this research contribute to the understanding of IFRS implementation in the specific context of Belgian SMEs and highlight the need for a more flexible, context-sensitive approach to international financial reporting standards for smaller entities.

IFRS Implementation --- Financial Reporting --- Belgian SMEs --- Challenges --- International Financial Reporting Standards --- Small and Medium-sized Entities --- Belgian GAAP --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Comptabilité & audit