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Silicon diodes. --- Actuators. --- Silicon detectors --- Diodes --- Automatic control

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This book focuses on a novel phenomenon named photon breeding. It is applied to realizing light-emitting diodes and lasers made of indirect-transition-type silicon bulk crystals in which the light-emission principle is based on dressed photons. After presenting physical pictures of dressed photons and dressed-photon phonons, the principle of light emission by using dressed-photon phonons is reviewed. A novel phenomenon named photon breeding is also reviewed. Next, the fabrication and operation of light emitting diodes and lasers are described The role of coherent phonons in these devices is discussed. Finally, light-emitting diodes using other relevant crystals are described and other relevant devices are also reviewed.

Physics. --- Quantum optics. --- Optics. --- Optoelectronics. --- Plasmons (Physics). --- Nanotechnology. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Optics, Optoelectronics, Plasmonics and Optical Devices. --- Quantum Optics. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Light emitting diodes. --- Silicon diodes. --- Silicon detectors --- LEDs (Light emitting diodes) --- Diodes, Semiconductor --- Electroluminescent devices --- LED lamps --- Light-emitting electrochemical cells --- Diodes --- Engineering. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Optics --- Materials --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Electronic materials --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Photons --- Quantum theory --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators

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This highly interdisciplinary thesis reports ontwo innovative photonic biosensors that combine multiple simultaneous measurements to provide unique insights into the activity and structure of surface immobilized biological molecules. In addition, it presents a new silicon photonic biosensor that exploits two cascaded resonant sensors to provide two independent measurements of a biological layer immobilized on the surface. By combining these two measurements, it is possible to unambiguously quantify the density and thickness of the molecular layer; here, the approach’s ability to study molecular conformation and conformational changes in real timeis demonstrated. The electrophotonic biosensor integrates silicon photonics with electrochemistry into a single technology. This multi-modal biosensor provides a number of unique capabilities that extend the functionality of conventional silicon photonics. For example, by combining the complementary information revealed by simultaneous electrochemical and photonic measurements, it is possible to provide unique insights into on-surface electrochemical processes. Furthermore, the ability to create electrochemical reactions directly on the silicon surface provides a novel approach for engineering the chemical functionality of the photonic sensors. The electrophotonic biosensor thus represents a critical advance towards the development of very high-density photonic sensor arrays for multiplexed diagnostics.

Physics. --- Electrochemistry. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Interfaces (Physical sciences). --- Thin films. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Surface and Interface Science, Thin Films. --- Biosensors. --- Silicon diodes. --- Silicon detectors --- Diodes --- Biodetectors --- Biological detectors --- Biological sensors --- Biomedical detectors --- Biomedical sensors --- Detectors --- Medical instruments and apparatus --- Physiological apparatus --- Chemistry. --- Physical sciences --- Optics --- Materials --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Measurement   . --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Physics --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Electronic materials --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences