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Delen is beter, goedkoper en efficiënter dan eigen bezit. Daarop is de deeleconomie gebaseerd. Want waarom zou je een auto kopen als die van de buren 90 procent van de tijd stilstaat? Zo ontstond het autodelen: autofabrikanten zagen de omzet teruglopen en besloten mobiliteit als service aan te bieden in plaats van als product, met Greenwheels en Car2Go als resultaat. Bottom-upbewegingen als deze bieden ongekende mogelijkheden die niet te stoppen zijn. Dat het meer is dan een hype bewijzen succesvolle initiatieven als Airbnb, Snappcar en Thuisafgehaald. De gemeente Amsterdam stevent zelfs af op de eervolle positie van eerste Sharing City van Europa. In 'Share' schetsen Van de Glind en Van Sprang de ontwikkeling van de deeleconomie aan de hand van onderzoek en cases uit binnen- en buitenland. Ze laten zien hoe nieuwe initiatieven bestaande markten uitdagen en hoe het reguliere bedrijfsleven hierop kan inspelen.

Economic schools --- Didactics of economy --- co-creation --- sharing economy --- economie

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Was vereint Google, Facebook, Apple, Microsoft, Monsanto, Uber und Airbnb? Sie alle sind Unternehmen, die Hardware und Software für andere bereitstellen, mit dem Ziel, möglichst geschlossene sozio-ökonomische Tech-Systeme zu schaffen. Google kontrolliert die Recherche, Facebook regiert Social Media und Amazon ist führend beim E-Commerce. Doch nicht nur Technologie-Unternehmen bauen Plattformen auf, auch Traditionsfirmen wie Siemens entwickeln ein cloudbasiertes Produktionssystem. Plattformen sind in der Lage, immense Daten zu gewinnen, zu nutzen und zu verkaufen - Monopolisierungstendenzen sind die »natürliche« Folge. Sind wir auf dem Weg in einen digitalen Monopolkapitalismus? Diese Streitschrift ist unerlässlich für alle, die verstehen wollen, wie die mächtigsten technologischen Unternehmen unserer Zeit die globale Ökonomie verändern.

Datenschutz --- Digitalwirtschaft --- E-Commerce --- Monopol-Kapitalismus --- Sharing Economy

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Crowdfunding is increasingly becoming a method of mobilizing project finance ventures, particularly in a sharing economy. Moreover, the element of risk sharing which is found in equity crowdfunding makes up the essence of Islamic finance. However, as with any type of risk-sharing contract, Islamic crowdfunding faces the problem of lack of trust and information asymmetry. The author employs a game theory approach to Islamic crowdfunding as a means to tackle the issue of information asymmetry through a "reputation mechanism" which is touted as one of the latest means of solving information asymmetry in web-based social networks. The primary objective of the reputation mechanism is to enable more efficient transactions in communities where cooperation is compromised by post-contractual opportunism or information asymmetry. The game theory approach in this study involves two different games: "without Fame" and "with Fame", and it is proposed that a "with Fame" crowdfunding game produces better results. The reputational mechanism in this research was also designed specifically to eliminate any potential moral hazards and minimize information asymmetry. In this study, "Fame" refers to the credibility of every individual within the crowdfunding system. Fame is a form of systematic, measurable and computable (implicit and explicit) reputation, which allows other members of the crowdfunding social network to better learn about the individual and their credibility.

Reputation --- Crowd funding --- Data processing. --- Asymmetric Information. --- Crowdfunding. --- Mechanism Design. --- Sharing Economy.

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All around the world, new companies are creating and joining a new economic model. The activity of these companies is based on their platforms. Through these, the potential customers and sellers are connected. This model is called « sharing economy ». The sharing is not a new idea, but sell through the disposal technology widens the scale. This model does not change what we consume, but the way we consume (Petit, 2016). The studies show that this phenomenon will take more and more scale in the coming years.

In the light of this phenomenon dimension, it pushes aside the traditional companies. Indeed, it leaves nobody indifferent. Generally, the sharing economy companies do not follow the current regulations. It is the case of the company « Uber ». It is a platform which gets in touch people who want a race and people who propose transports. Uber attacks an ancestral sector, which operates with national regulations. The Brussels-Capital Region did not escape this phenomenon. Nowadays, more than 500 vehicles from Uber circulate in the capital streets. This company is, all around the world and including in Brussels, hauled before the court for unfair competition. Uber, which is not respecting the regulations, would allow to propose taxi industry similar services, at unbeatable prices. Monopolizing a part, at least, of the demand, this company arrival would damage the financial health of the sector companies.

With this report, entitled « The impact of the Uber arrival on the profitability of the taxi industry, study of the Brussels-Capital Region », we would like to highlight the reasons of the sharing economy appearance, the stake that it represents for the future, an understanding of the Uber functioning and its implications in the taxi industry. Then, an financial health analysis of the sector will be made trough major actors interviews and taxi industry companies financial statement analysis. The objective of the research is to compare the theoretical and practical results and provide a clarification of the situation of the Belgium market.

Sharing economy, Taxi industry, Uber, Belgium, Brussels, Financial situation, Profitability --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Comptabilité & audit

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With the rise of online platforms, and especially since the coronavirus crisis, the collaborative economy is becoming more and more present in many people’s lives and might continue on this path in the years to come. This form of economy requires thus more attention and investigation to experience it in the best way. Since the transactions take place between two strangers who meet through an interface, sharing platforms require a high level of confidence. However, even though the general topic of collaborative economy has already been widely investigated, the antecedents of trust and its effects on participation remain to be developed further. Therefore, the present paper focuses on the aspect of trust, which is at the heart of any relationship between the users and the firm. Based on various past studies, this paper established a framework to explain the factors influencing providers' trust in a collaborative economy platform, and its influence on their participation. The hypotheses developed were assessed by the means of an online questionnaire with 183 participants. The findings suggest that a good reputation and the perceived security and privacy of a platform enhances providers’ trust in it. However, the familiarity, the past experience and the quality of the platform do not account for any variation of trust. The results also support the idea that trust is a powerful driver that pushes providers to participate in a collaborative economy platform. Based on the insights, this paper provides theoretical and managerial implications as well as suggestions for future research.

collaborative economy --- trust --- providers --- sharing economy --- platforms --- participation --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Marketing