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Semantics, Historical.

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Semantics [Historical ]

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Obsolete old words from 17th-century English villages reflect the realities of working-class life, exhausting labor, dirt, bizarre foods, magic, horses, outrageous sexism, feudal duties. New words, first appearing in print 1650-1800, reflect a middle-class culture very different from an earlier courtly culture, interested in money, coffee-houses, and self-fulfillment. Chapters on pre-industrial and middle-class culture, the scientific revolution, and semantic change. They give strong evidence that new words and the new senses of old words played a key role in the British Enlightenment, its links with quantification and natural science, its tendencies towards reorganization and democracy, its redefinitions and revitalizations of women’s roles, social stereotypes, the public sphere, and the very concepts of individualism, sociability, and civilization itself.

English language --- Semantics, Historical.

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Fritz Hermanns gehört auf dem Forschungsgebiet einer kulturwissenschaftlich interessierten Linguistik und der mentalitäts- und diskursgeschichtlich orientierten Sprachgeschichtsschreibung zu den produktivsten und kreativsten "Köpfen" in der germanistischen Sprachwissenschaft. Er hat nicht nur das terminologische Repertoire einschlägiger Untersuchungen um Termini wie Fahnenwort oder deontische Bedeutung bereichert, sondern auch die Berücksichtigung emotiver Bestandteile von Wortbedeutungen oder die Idee, Wörter als "Vehikel von Gedanken" zu betrachten, in seinen Arbeiten anschaulich begründet. Der Band »Brisante Semantik« schließt anläßlich seines 65. Geburtstages als Würdigung seines Werkes in drei thematischen Blöcken (Theorie und Programmatik; Sprachgeschichte des 17.-20. Jahrhunderts; Gegenwartssprache) an die Programme und Analysen Fritz Hermanns' an. In the research being done in culturally oriented linguistics and in linguistic historiography geared to the evolution of mentality and discourse, Fritz Hermanns can certainly claim to be one of the most productive and creative minds in present-day German studies. Not only has he enriched the terminological repertory employed in such research by coining terms like Fahnenwort (›flag-wordrallyingdeontic meaning. In his work he has also provided graphic justification for the consideration of emotional components in the meaning of words and for regarding words as ›vehicles of thought‹. This volume is a tribute to his achievements on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Taking its bearings from the approaches and analyses he has proposed, it divides into three sections: culturally oriented linguistics (theory and research programs), language history (17th-20th century), and present-day German.

Sociolinguistics. --- Semantics, Historical. --- Discourse analysis.

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Historical time is a notoriously elusive notion. Yet, as societies attempt to make sense of rapidly changing worlds, it gains a new significance in the twenty-first century. This Element sketches a theory of historical time as based on a distinction between temporality and historicity. It approaches the fabric of historical time as varying relational arrangements and interactions of multiple temporalities and historicities. In the fabric, kinds of temporalities and historicities emerge, come to being, fade out, transform, cease to exist, merge, coexist, overlap, arrange and rearrange in constellations, and clash and conflict in a dynamic without a predetermined plot. The Element pays special attention to the more-than-human temporalities of the Anthropocene, the technology-fueled historicities of runaway changes, and the conflicts in the fabric of historical time at the intersections of technological, ecological, and social change.

History --- Historiography. --- Semantics, Historical. --- Periodization. --- Philosophy. --- Methodology.