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Information retrieval --- Library research --- Library research --- Reference services (Libraries) --- Reference services (Libraries) --- Searching behavior

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Over a century ago, William James proposed that people search through memory much as they rummage through a house looking for lost keys. We scour our environments for territory, food, mates, and information. We search for items in visual scenes, for historical facts, and for the best deals on Internet sites; we search for new friends to add to our social networks, and for solutions to novel problems. What we find is always governed by how we search and by the structure of the environment. This book explores how we search for resources in our minds and in the world. The authors examine the evolution and adaptive functions of search; the neural underpinnings of goal-searching mechanisms across species; psychological models of search in memory, decision making, and visual scenes; and applications of search behavior in highly complex environments such as the Internet. As the range of information, social contacts, and goods continues to expand, how well we are able to search and successfully find what we seek becomes increasingly important. At the same time, search offers cross-disciplinary insights to the scientific study of human cognition and its evolution. Combining perspectives from researchers across numerous domains, this book furthers our understanding of the relationship between search and the human mind.

Cognition. --- Searching behavior. --- Memory. --- Brain. --- Information retrieval. --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/Psychology/Cognitive Psychology --- NEUROSCIENCE/General

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Visual search is one of our most ubiquitous activities, as anyone who has had a “Where’s my car?” moment can attest. Attending to relevant stimuli while screening out distractions requires a complex set of interactions between visual, neurological, and behavioral processes. While recent years have seen digital technologies both enhance our visual search experiences and present more intricate visual challenges in our everyday lives, advances in research are quickly catching up with the real world. The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search brings together a number of exciting lines of inquiry into this topic. In keeping with the near-limitless set of variables that influence search, contributors represent scholarship in laboratory and applied settings, cognitive processes intimately involved in search, and related concepts from a variety of disciplines. Chapters delve into current studies on a wide range of component factors relating to search, including: •             Searching in space and time. •             Automatic control of visual selection. •             Guidance of visual search by memory and knowledge. •             Reward and attentional control in visual search. •             Statistical learning and its consequences. •             Overcoming hurdles in translating visual data between the lab and the field. •             The search termination problem in visual search. For cognitive and social psychologists, The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search is a stimulating volume that holds multiple possibilities for future developments across a number of behavioral and cognitive domains, from decision-making to problem-solving, from autism and other cognitive deficits to the effects of aging.

Psychology. --- Searching behavior. --- Visual perception. --- Visual perception --- Searching behavior --- Social Sciences --- Psychology --- Vision. --- Eyesight --- Seeing --- Sight --- Optics, Psychological --- Vision --- Psychological aspects --- Personality. --- Social psychology. --- Cognitive psychology. --- Cognitive Psychology. --- Learning & Instruction. --- Personality and Social Psychology. --- Senses and sensation --- Blindfolds --- Eye --- Physiological optics --- Perception --- Visual discrimination --- Consciousness. --- Apperception --- Mind and body --- Philosophy --- Spirit --- Self --- Learning. --- Instruction. --- Mass psychology --- Psychology, Social --- Human ecology --- Social groups --- Sociology --- Personal identity --- Personality psychology --- Personality theory --- Personality traits --- Personology --- Traits, Personality --- Individuality --- Persons --- Temperament --- Learning process --- Comprehension --- Education --- Psychology, Cognitive --- Cognitive science --- Learning, Psychology of. --- Difference (Psychology). --- Instructional Psychology. --- Personality and Differential Psychology. --- Learning --- Psychology of learning --- Educational psychology --- Learning ability --- Differential psychology --- Psychology, Differential --- Differentiation (Developmental psychology)

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In this study of arthropod predador-prey systems Michael Hassell shows how many of the components of predation may be simply modeled in order to reveal their effects on the overall dynamics of the interacting populations. Arthropods, particularly insects, make ideal subjects for such a study because their generation times are characteristically short and many have relatively discrete generations, inviting the use of difference equation models to describe population changes. Using analytical models framed in difference equations, Dr. Hassell is able to show how the detailed biological processes of insect predator-prey (including host-parasitoid) interactions may be understood. Emphasizing the development and subsequent stability analysis of general models, the author considers in detail several crucial components of predator-prey models: the prey's rate of increase as a function of density, non-random search, mutual interference, and the predator's rate of increase as a function of predator survival and fecundity. Drawing on the correspondence between the models and field and laboratory data, Dr. Hassell then discusses the practical implications for biological pest control and suggests how such models may help to formulate a theoretical basis for biological control practices.

Predation (Biologie) --- Insectes --- Insectes predateurs. --- Parasitoïdes. --- arthropode --- Predation (Biology) --- Arthropoda. --- Modeles mathematiques7 --- Populations --- Modeles mathematiques. --- dynamique des populations --- modele mathematique --- predation. --- Mathematical models. --- Nicholson-Bailey model. --- age structure. --- biological control. --- density dependence. --- disc equation. --- equilibria. --- extinction. --- functional responses. --- generalists. --- hyperparasitoids. --- interference. --- life tables. --- limit cycles. --- multiparasitism. --- negative binomial distribution. --- non-random search. --- optimal foraging. --- oscillations. --- parasitoids: contrasted with predators. --- predator: aggregation. --- preference. --- random parasitoid equation. --- searching behavior. --- spatial heterogeneity. --- survival. --- switching. --- time delays. --- zero growth isoclines.

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Animal ethology and ecology. Sociobiology --- Psychology --- Animal behavior --- Animaux --- Periodicals --- Moeurs et comportement --- Périodiques --- Ethology --- Psychology, Comparative --- #A30391 --- Biology, --- Zoology. --- Animal behavior. --- Ethology. --- Psychology, Comparative. --- Life Sciences. --- Life Sciences --- Biology --- General and Others --- Zoology --- Animaux. Moeurs. (Revue) --- Dieren. Levenswijze. (Tijdschrift) --- animal behaviour --- animal ethology --- animal response (behavior) --- animal response (behaviour) --- ethology --- behavior --- zoology --- aggregation behavior --- animal communication --- animal preferences --- antipredatory behavior --- avoidance behavior --- broodiness --- burrowing --- by-product mutualism --- cannibalism --- dispersal behavior --- displacement activities --- drifting (animal behavior) --- dust bathing --- escape behavior --- fish behavior --- grooming (animal behavior) --- group effect --- host seeking --- imprinting behavior --- insect behavior --- kin recognition --- marking behavior --- nesting --- pecking --- predation --- rearing --- reproductive behavior --- robbing --- roosting behavior --- searching behavior --- social dominance --- stinging --- territoriality --- animal competition --- animal ecology --- animal experimentation --- bird banding --- camera trapping --- psychophysiology --- synthetic pheromones --- tonic immobility