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Scientific Understanding : What It Is and How It Is Achieved
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ISBN: 3839472628 Year: 2024 Publisher: Bielefeld : transcript Verlag,

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Understanding is an ability manifested by grasping relations of a phenomenon and articulating new explanations. Hence, scientific understanding is inextricably intertwined with and not possible without explanation, and understanding is not a type of propositional knowledge. Anna Elisabeth Höhl provides a novel philosophical account of scientific understanding by developing and defending necessary and sufficient conditions for the understanding that scientists achieve of the phenomena they are researching. This account of scientific understanding is based on and supported by a detailed investigation of an episode from scientific practice in biology.

Yorick's world
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ISBN: 052091287X 0585272034 0520079191 9780520912878 9780585272030 9780520079199 Year: 1993 Publisher: Berkeley University of California Press

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Peter Caws provides a fresh and often iconoclastic treatment of some of the most vexing problems in the philosophy of science: explanation, induction, causality, evolution, discovery, artificial intelligence, and the social implications of technological rationality. Caws's work has been shaped equally by the insights of Continental philosophy and a concern with scientific practice. In these twenty-eight essays spanning more than a quarter of a century, he ranges from discussions of the work of French philosopher Gaston Bachelard, to relations between science and surrealism, to the concept of intentionality, to the limits of quantitative description. A lively mix of history, theory, speculation, and analysis, Yorick's World presents a vision of science that includes human history and social life. It will interest professional philosophers and scientists, and at the same time its directness will make it readily accessible to nontechnical readers.


Book
Vitenskapelig (u)redelighet
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 8202554144 8202522064 Year: 2016 Publisher: Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP (Nordic Open Access Scholarly Publishing)

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Since the 1980’s, there has been a marked increase in disclosures of fraud in research. Cases of scientific fraud and misconduct do not only damage society’s confidence in research, they also contribute to reduce the trustworthiness in research in itself. Research ethics, however, involve much more than investigations of misconduct. How can we encourage good scientific practice? What does honest research entail? Which gray areas exist, and when is the limit to misconduct crossed? How should allegations of misconduct be handled? What are the consequences of fraud, and what sanctions should follow? In this anthology, Norwegian researches contribute to the discussion of various perspectives on scientific integrity and misconduct. The purpose of this book is not to give unequivocal or definitive answers to what scientific misconduct is, but to convey a diversity of positions and perspectives. Some of these are overlapping, others contradictory - which also reflects the field internationally. This anthology is an important resource for students and researchers, particularly in education and training. In addition, it will also provide insights for others involved in the prevention of misconduct and the promotion of good scientific practice.

Brill's new Pauly.
Authors: --- --- ---
ISSN: 15749347 ISBN: 9789004122598 9789004142213 9789004142220 9789004142237 9789004142244 9789004142251 9789004194151 9004142215 9789004142237 9004122583 9004122656 9004122664 9004122672 9004122680 9004122699 9004122702 9004122710 9004122729 9789004142152 9789004142169 9789004142176 9789004142183 9789004142190 9789004142207 9004122591 Year: 2005 Publisher: Leiden : Brill

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"Brill's New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world."--Publisher's website.


Periodical
The Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity
ISSN: 26895587

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Scholarly debate and original research on scientific practices that impact human and environmental health, including topics relating to scientific misconduct, corporate influence on scientific practice, conflicts of interest, publishing ethics, and occupational, consumer, and environmental safety.


Book
Schwierigkeiten mit der kritischen Geographie : Studien zu einer reflexiven Theorie der Gesellschaft
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ISBN: 3839462304 3837662306 Year: 2022 Publisher: Bielefeld transcript Verlag

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Kritik verschont sich zunehmend selbst. Sie produziert gerne vorschnelle Generalisierungen und wohlfeile Bewertungen. Reflexionsverweigerung fördert dabei Konformismus und Halbbildung. Diese Schonstellungen ersparen der Kritik die mühselige Arbeit der Selbstkritik. Zwischentöne, Ambivalenzen und Widersprüche werden ausgeblendet. Benedikt Korf analysiert differenziert die sich daraus entwickelnden Schwierigkeiten, die er am Beispiel der kritischen Geographie aufzeigt - und darüber hinaus.


Book
Mathematical knowledge and the interplay of practices
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ISBN: 1400874009 Year: 2015 Publisher: Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press,

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This book presents a new approach to the epistemology of mathematics by viewing mathematics as a human activity whose knowledge is intimately linked with practice. Charting an exciting new direction in the philosophy of mathematics, José Ferreirós uses the crucial idea of a continuum to provide an account of the development of mathematical knowledge that reflects the actual experience of doing math and makes sense of the perceived objectivity of mathematical results.Describing a historically oriented, agent-based philosophy of mathematics, Ferreirós shows how the mathematical tradition evolved from Euclidean geometry to the real numbers and set-theoretic structures. He argues for the need to take into account a whole web of mathematical and other practices that are learned and linked by agents, and whose interplay acts as a constraint. Ferreirós demonstrates how advanced mathematics, far from being a priori, is based on hypotheses, in contrast to elementary math, which has strong cognitive and practical roots and therefore enjoys certainty.Offering a wealth of philosophical and historical insights, Mathematical Knowledge and the Interplay of Practices challenges us to rethink some of our most basic assumptions about mathematics, its objectivity, and its relationship to culture and science.

Keywords

Mathematics --- Philosophy. --- Logic of mathematics --- Mathematics, Logic of --- Axiom of Choice. --- Axiom of Completeness. --- Continuum Hypothesis. --- Elements. --- Euclidean geometry. --- FrameworkЁgent couples. --- Georg Cantor. --- Greek geometry. --- J. H. Lambert. --- Kenneth Manders. --- Peano Arithmetic. --- Philip S. Kitcher. --- Riemann Hypothesis. --- Sir Isaac Newton. --- ZermeloІraenkel axiom system. --- advanced mathematics. --- agents. --- arbitrary infinity. --- arbitrary set. --- arithmetical knowledge. --- axioms. --- basic arithmetic. --- certainty. --- classical arithmetic. --- cognition. --- complementarity. --- complex numbers. --- conceptual understanding. --- continuum. --- counting numbers. --- counting practice. --- culture. --- diagrammatic constructions. --- diagrams. --- elementary mathematics. --- exemplars. --- frameworks. --- geometrical proof. --- historians. --- hypotheses. --- intuitionistic arithmetic. --- logic. --- mathematical activity. --- mathematical knowledge. --- mathematical objects. --- mathematical practice. --- mathematics. --- measuring practices. --- metamathematics. --- methodological platonism. --- natural numbers. --- number theory. --- objectivity. --- ordinal numbers. --- philosophers. --- postulational mathematics. --- practice. --- purely arithmetical proof. --- real numbers. --- scientific practice. --- semantic entities. --- set theory. --- sets. --- simple infinity. --- symbols. --- systematic links. --- technical practice.


Book
Early Childhood Science Education: Research Trends in Learning and Teaching
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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This volume consists of a collection of articles that touch on very different research aspects within a broad scientific field known in recent years as Early Childhood Science Education. The field has gradually emerged from the interaction between three distinct scientific areas of theory and research: Early Childhood Education, Psychology, which is oriented towards the study of learning, and Science Education. At the center of the progress in this field are efforts to initiate children aged 4-8 years in the Physical and Biological Sciences. A wide range of research themes have developed around this main axis: children's mental representations of phenomena of the natural world and scientific concepts, the study of the implementation and effectiveness of specific teaching activities related to curricula or activities focusing on the specific characteristics of teaching processes such as reasoning, explanation, communication, interaction or argumentation, the issue of teachers' relevance to the teaching of science, the use of pecialized teaching materials, the emergence of the issue of scientific skills, the highly contemporary issue of the differentiation and inclusion of children in the world of science, important socio-scientific issues, the role of family-related factors etc. Within this context, this collective book aims to reflect contemporary research trends in the field of Early Childhood Science Education.

Keywords

Humanities --- Education --- shape of the Earth --- conceptual development --- mental models --- astronomy --- EARTH2 test --- knowledge-as-elements --- knowledge-as-theory --- cultural differences --- science --- early childhood --- science education --- literature review --- concepts --- infants --- toddlers --- preschoolers --- preschool --- representations --- epistemology --- preschool children --- explanations --- precursor models --- natural phenomena --- combustion --- argumentation --- competence --- self-efficacy --- design --- problem-solving --- socio-cultural psychology --- collaboration --- genetic epistemology --- mental representations --- physical sciences --- sound --- address --- interpersonal meaning --- involvement --- multimodal texts --- social distance --- socio-cognitive perspective --- verbal text–image relations --- young children --- sustainable development --- early science education --- dual language learners --- low-income --- teacher language use --- integrated e-learning --- inquiry-based learning --- primary school --- 3rd-grade pupils --- project --- Science --- temperature measurement --- STEM education --- problem solving --- observation tool --- perezhivanie --- early childhood science education --- scientific competence --- teaching interventions and activities teacher training --- inquiry --- scientific practice --- health --- school gardens --- sustainability education --- cognitive skills --- experimental skills --- early childhood education --- discovery demonstration and inquiry-based teaching methods --- theory of planned behavior --- kindergarten teacher training --- STEM --- STEAM --- preschools --- parental involvement --- engagement --- kindergarten --- children --- heat --- temperature --- ideas --- experience --- Early Childhood Science Education --- research trends --- shape of the Earth --- conceptual development --- mental models --- astronomy --- EARTH2 test --- knowledge-as-elements --- knowledge-as-theory --- cultural differences --- science --- early childhood --- science education --- literature review --- concepts --- infants --- toddlers --- preschoolers --- preschool --- representations --- epistemology --- preschool children --- explanations --- precursor models --- natural phenomena --- combustion --- argumentation --- competence --- self-efficacy --- design --- problem-solving --- socio-cultural psychology --- collaboration --- genetic epistemology --- mental representations --- physical sciences --- sound --- address --- interpersonal meaning --- involvement --- multimodal texts --- social distance --- socio-cognitive perspective --- verbal text–image relations --- young children --- sustainable development --- early science education --- dual language learners --- low-income --- teacher language use --- integrated e-learning --- inquiry-based learning --- primary school --- 3rd-grade pupils --- project --- Science --- temperature measurement --- STEM education --- problem solving --- observation tool --- perezhivanie --- early childhood science education --- scientific competence --- teaching interventions and activities teacher training --- inquiry --- scientific practice --- health --- school gardens --- sustainability education --- cognitive skills --- experimental skills --- early childhood education --- discovery demonstration and inquiry-based teaching methods --- theory of planned behavior --- kindergarten teacher training --- STEM --- STEAM --- preschools --- parental involvement --- engagement --- kindergarten --- children --- heat --- temperature --- ideas --- experience --- Early Childhood Science Education --- research trends


Book
Early Childhood Science Education: Research Trends in Learning and Teaching
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Abstract

This volume consists of a collection of articles that touch on very different research aspects within a broad scientific field known in recent years as Early Childhood Science Education. The field has gradually emerged from the interaction between three distinct scientific areas of theory and research: Early Childhood Education, Psychology, which is oriented towards the study of learning, and Science Education. At the center of the progress in this field are efforts to initiate children aged 4-8 years in the Physical and Biological Sciences. A wide range of research themes have developed around this main axis: children's mental representations of phenomena of the natural world and scientific concepts, the study of the implementation and effectiveness of specific teaching activities related to curricula or activities focusing on the specific characteristics of teaching processes such as reasoning, explanation, communication, interaction or argumentation, the issue of teachers' relevance to the teaching of science, the use of pecialized teaching materials, the emergence of the issue of scientific skills, the highly contemporary issue of the differentiation and inclusion of children in the world of science, important socio-scientific issues, the role of family-related factors etc. Within this context, this collective book aims to reflect contemporary research trends in the field of Early Childhood Science Education.

Keywords

Humanities --- Education --- shape of the Earth --- conceptual development --- mental models --- astronomy --- EARTH2 test --- knowledge-as-elements --- knowledge-as-theory --- cultural differences --- science --- early childhood --- science education --- literature review --- concepts --- infants --- toddlers --- preschoolers --- preschool --- representations --- epistemology --- preschool children --- explanations --- precursor models --- natural phenomena --- combustion --- argumentation --- competence --- self-efficacy --- design --- problem-solving --- socio-cultural psychology --- collaboration --- genetic epistemology --- mental representations --- physical sciences --- sound --- address --- interpersonal meaning --- involvement --- multimodal texts --- social distance --- socio-cognitive perspective --- verbal text–image relations --- young children --- sustainable development --- early science education --- dual language learners --- low-income --- teacher language use --- integrated e-learning --- inquiry-based learning --- primary school --- 3rd-grade pupils --- project --- Science --- temperature measurement --- STEM education --- problem solving --- observation tool --- perezhivanie --- early childhood science education --- scientific competence --- teaching interventions and activities teacher training --- inquiry --- scientific practice --- health --- school gardens --- sustainability education --- cognitive skills --- experimental skills --- early childhood education --- discovery demonstration and inquiry-based teaching methods --- theory of planned behavior --- kindergarten teacher training --- STEM --- STEAM --- preschools --- parental involvement --- engagement --- kindergarten --- children --- heat --- temperature --- ideas --- experience --- Early Childhood Science Education --- research trends


Book
Early Childhood Science Education: Research Trends in Learning and Teaching
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Export citation

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Bookmark

Abstract

This volume consists of a collection of articles that touch on very different research aspects within a broad scientific field known in recent years as Early Childhood Science Education. The field has gradually emerged from the interaction between three distinct scientific areas of theory and research: Early Childhood Education, Psychology, which is oriented towards the study of learning, and Science Education. At the center of the progress in this field are efforts to initiate children aged 4-8 years in the Physical and Biological Sciences. A wide range of research themes have developed around this main axis: children's mental representations of phenomena of the natural world and scientific concepts, the study of the implementation and effectiveness of specific teaching activities related to curricula or activities focusing on the specific characteristics of teaching processes such as reasoning, explanation, communication, interaction or argumentation, the issue of teachers' relevance to the teaching of science, the use of pecialized teaching materials, the emergence of the issue of scientific skills, the highly contemporary issue of the differentiation and inclusion of children in the world of science, important socio-scientific issues, the role of family-related factors etc. Within this context, this collective book aims to reflect contemporary research trends in the field of Early Childhood Science Education.

Keywords

shape of the Earth --- conceptual development --- mental models --- astronomy --- EARTH2 test --- knowledge-as-elements --- knowledge-as-theory --- cultural differences --- science --- early childhood --- science education --- literature review --- concepts --- infants --- toddlers --- preschoolers --- preschool --- representations --- epistemology --- preschool children --- explanations --- precursor models --- natural phenomena --- combustion --- argumentation --- competence --- self-efficacy --- design --- problem-solving --- socio-cultural psychology --- collaboration --- genetic epistemology --- mental representations --- physical sciences --- sound --- address --- interpersonal meaning --- involvement --- multimodal texts --- social distance --- socio-cognitive perspective --- verbal text–image relations --- young children --- sustainable development --- early science education --- dual language learners --- low-income --- teacher language use --- integrated e-learning --- inquiry-based learning --- primary school --- 3rd-grade pupils --- project --- Science --- temperature measurement --- STEM education --- problem solving --- observation tool --- perezhivanie --- early childhood science education --- scientific competence --- teaching interventions and activities teacher training --- inquiry --- scientific practice --- health --- school gardens --- sustainability education --- cognitive skills --- experimental skills --- early childhood education --- discovery demonstration and inquiry-based teaching methods --- theory of planned behavior --- kindergarten teacher training --- STEM --- STEAM --- preschools --- parental involvement --- engagement --- kindergarten --- children --- heat --- temperature --- ideas --- experience --- Early Childhood Science Education --- research trends

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