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In Zeiten, in denen die Komplexität gesellschaftlicher, politischer, wirtschaftlicher und technologischer Probleme zunehmend steigt, ist der Erwerb einer naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung für die persönliche Meinungsbildung von zentraler Bedeutung. Hierzu gehört das Erlernen von naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnismethoden wie dem Experimentieren. Erkenntnisse zu experimentierspezifischen Kompetenzen zeigen, dass Lernende über unterschiedliche Vorstellungen bezüglich des Experimentierens verfügen. Diese zeigen sich in unterschiedlichen Vorgehensweisen, die mehr oder weniger stark von der Vorgehensweise in realer wissenschaftlicher Forschung abweichen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist eine differenzierte Erfassung und Analyse individueller Prozessstrukturen sowie prozessbezogener Niveaustufen von Experimentierprozessen Lehramtsstudierender der Biologie. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die meisten Experimentierprozesse nicht, wie in idealisierten Modellen angenommen, einem linearen Prozessverlauf verlaufen, sondern wiederholte Wechsel zwischen den Experimentierphasen aufweisen. Insbesondere die Durchführung nimmt hier eine zentrale Stellung ein. Die Vernetzung der Experimentierphasen ist unterschiedlich ausgeprägt und steht in einem positiven Zusammenhang mit der Qualität eines Experimentierprozesses. Die prozessbezogenen Niveaustufen weisen Ausprägungen über alle Niveaus hinweg auf. Aus den Ergebnissen werden Hinweise zur Gestaltung von Unterricht und universitärer Lehre sowie Implikationen für die fachdidaktische Forschung abgeleitet.
Education --- Science. --- Experimentierkompetenzen --- Lehrerbildung --- Erkenntnisgewinnung --- Scientific Inquiry --- Videographie
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In Zeiten, in denen die Komplexität gesellschaftlicher, politischer, wirtschaftlicher und technologischer Probleme zunehmend steigt, ist der Erwerb einer naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung für die persönliche Meinungsbildung von zentraler Bedeutung. Hierzu gehört das Erlernen von naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnismethoden wie dem Experimentieren. Erkenntnisse zu experimentierspezifischen Kompetenzen zeigen, dass Lernende über unterschiedliche Vorstellungen bezüglich des Experimentierens verfügen. Diese zeigen sich in unterschiedlichen Vorgehensweisen, die mehr oder weniger stark von der Vorgehensweise in realer wissenschaftlicher Forschung abweichen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist eine differenzierte Erfassung und Analyse individueller Prozessstrukturen sowie prozessbezogener Niveaustufen von Experimentierprozessen Lehramtsstudierender der Biologie. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die meisten Experimentierprozesse nicht, wie in idealisierten Modellen angenommen, einem linearen Prozessverlauf verlaufen, sondern wiederholte Wechsel zwischen den Experimentierphasen aufweisen. Insbesondere die Durchführung nimmt hier eine zentrale Stellung ein. Die Vernetzung der Experimentierphasen ist unterschiedlich ausgeprägt und steht in einem positiven Zusammenhang mit der Qualität eines Experimentierprozesses. Die prozessbezogenen Niveaustufen weisen Ausprägungen über alle Niveaus hinweg auf. Aus den Ergebnissen werden Hinweise zur Gestaltung von Unterricht und universitärer Lehre sowie Implikationen für die fachdidaktische Forschung abgeleitet.
Education --- Science. --- Experimentierkompetenzen --- Lehrerbildung --- Erkenntnisgewinnung --- Scientific Inquiry --- Videographie
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In Zeiten, in denen die Komplexität gesellschaftlicher, politischer, wirtschaftlicher und technologischer Probleme zunehmend steigt, ist der Erwerb einer naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung für die persönliche Meinungsbildung von zentraler Bedeutung. Hierzu gehört das Erlernen von naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnismethoden wie dem Experimentieren. Erkenntnisse zu experimentierspezifischen Kompetenzen zeigen, dass Lernende über unterschiedliche Vorstellungen bezüglich des Experimentierens verfügen. Diese zeigen sich in unterschiedlichen Vorgehensweisen, die mehr oder weniger stark von der Vorgehensweise in realer wissenschaftlicher Forschung abweichen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist eine differenzierte Erfassung und Analyse individueller Prozessstrukturen sowie prozessbezogener Niveaustufen von Experimentierprozessen Lehramtsstudierender der Biologie. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die meisten Experimentierprozesse nicht, wie in idealisierten Modellen angenommen, einem linearen Prozessverlauf verlaufen, sondern wiederholte Wechsel zwischen den Experimentierphasen aufweisen. Insbesondere die Durchführung nimmt hier eine zentrale Stellung ein. Die Vernetzung der Experimentierphasen ist unterschiedlich ausgeprägt und steht in einem positiven Zusammenhang mit der Qualität eines Experimentierprozesses. Die prozessbezogenen Niveaustufen weisen Ausprägungen über alle Niveaus hinweg auf. Aus den Ergebnissen werden Hinweise zur Gestaltung von Unterricht und universitärer Lehre sowie Implikationen für die fachdidaktische Forschung abgeleitet.
Education --- Experimentierkompetenzen --- Lehrerbildung --- Erkenntnisgewinnung --- Scientific Inquiry --- Videographie --- Science.
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Problem solving --- 167.1 --- Methodology --- Psychology --- Decision making --- Executive functions (Neuropsychology) --- The problem. Scientific inquiry, investigation
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'Marvels of Medicine' makes a compelling case for including sixteenth century medical and surgical writing in the critical frameworks we now use to think about a genealogy of cultural expression in Latin America. Focusing on a small group of practitioners who differed in their levels of training, but who shared the common experience of having left Spain to join colonial societies in the making, this book analyses the paths their texts charted to attitudes and political positions that would come to characterize a criollo mode of enunciation.
Medicine --- Medical literature --- History --- Latin America, scientific inquiry --- medical writing --- early colonial Spanish America
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What did the Romans know about their world? Quite a lot, as Daryn Lehoux makes clear in this fascinating and much-needed contribution to the history and philosophy of ancient science. Lehoux contends that even though many of the Romans' views about the natural world have no place in modern science-the umbrella-footed monsters and dog-headed people that roamed the earth and the stars that foretold human destinies-their claims turn out not to be so radically different from our own. Lehoux draws upon a wide range of sources from what is unquestionably the most prolific period of ancient science, from the first century BC to the second century AD. He begins with Cicero's theologico-philosophical trilogy On the Nature of the Gods, On Divination, and On Fate, illustrating how Cicero's engagement with nature is closely related to his concerns in politics, religion, and law. Lehoux then guides readers through highly technical works by Galen and Ptolemy, as well as the more philosophically oriented physics and cosmologies of Lucretius, Plutarch, and Seneca, all the while exploring the complex interrelationships between the objects of scientific inquiry and the norms, processes, and structures of that inquiry. This includes not only the tools and methods the Romans used to investigate nature, but also the Romans' cultural, intellectual, political, and religious perspectives. Lehoux concludes by sketching a methodology that uses the historical material he has carefully explained to directly engage the philosophical questions of incommensurability, realism, and relativism. By situating Roman arguments about the natural world in their larger philosophical, political, and rhetorical contexts, What Did the Romans Know? demonstrates that the Romans had sophisticated and novel approaches to nature, approaches that were empirically rigorous, philosophically rich, and epistemologically complex.
Science, Ancient. --- Science --- Ancient science --- Science, Primitive --- History. --- History --- science, ancient world, roman empire, antiquity, history, nonfiction, cicero, ptolemy, galen, seneca, plutarch, lucretius, scientific inquiry, nature, methodology, incommensurability, realism, relativism, gods, governance, divinity, divination, republic, politics, legitimacy, authority, fabulae, epistemology, rhetoric, observation, vision, seeing, experience, truth, meaning, ontology, determinism, cosmos, empiricism, philosophy, metaphysics.
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This book is about scientific inquiry. Designed for early and mid-career researchers, it is a practical manual for conducting and communicating high-quality research in (mathematics) education. Based on the authors’ extensive experience as researchers, as mentors, and as members of the editorial team for the Journal for Research in Mathematics Education (JRME), this book directly speaks to researchers and their communities about each phase of the process for conceptualizing, conducting, and communicating high-quality research in (mathematics) education. In the late 2010s, both JRME and Educational Studies in Mathematics celebrated 50 years of publishing high-quality research in mathematics education. Many advances in the field have occurred since the establishment of these journals, and these anniversaries marked a milestone in research in mathematics education. Indeed, fifty years represents a small step for human history but a giant leap for mathematics education. The educational research community in general (and the mathematics education community in particular) has strongly advocated for original research, placing great emphasis on building knowledge and capacity in the field. Because it is an interdisciplinary field, mathematics education has integrated means and methods for scientific inquiry from multiple disciplines. Now that the field is gaining maturity, it is a good time to take a step back and systematically consider how mathematics education researchers can engage in significant, impactful scientific inquiry.
Education --- Study & learning skills: general --- Teaching of a specific subject --- Research questions --- Hypotheses --- Theoretical framework --- Scientific inquiry --- Robust methods --- Interpretation of findings --- Pilot study --- Unexpected findings --- Continuous improvement --- Communicating research --- Learning opportunities --- Impact on practice --- Mathematics --- Research --- Methodology. --- Study and teaching. --- Math --- Science --- Ensenyament de la matemàtica --- Matemàtica --- Investigació
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The overall focus of this Special Issue is on educational spaces relating to integrated STEM and interdisciplinary partnerships that might occur in integrated STEM spaces. These educational spaces include formal and informal schooling and include studies involving collaborative work teams, pre-service, in-service teachers, STEM faculty experiences, pre-collegiate students, interdisciplinary education, science education, technology education, engineering and computer science education, and mathematics education. The purpose of this Special Issue is to bring together a showcase of current studies in integrated STEM and related partnership work in teaching and learning. The newly released Handbook of Research on STEM Education (Johnson, Mohr-Schroeder, Moore, and English, 2020) explores areas of STEM in an international context and sets the stage for this Special Issue. The articles included show perspectives from around the globe.
Humanities --- Education --- mathematics professional development --- teachers of color --- mathematical identities --- gender gap --- ICT education --- human capital --- extracurricular STEM activities --- in-presence and online education --- STEM education --- professional development --- qualitative --- case study --- teacher conceptions --- high school --- research experience --- STEM --- scientific inquiry --- educational reform --- teacher preparation --- partnership --- diverse learners --- STEM school --- distributed leadership --- school administration --- microcredential --- cybersecurity education --- computer science --- systems thinking --- precollegiate teachers --- self-efficacy --- coding --- integrated STEM --- partnerships --- interdisciplinary teams --- informal education --- team building --- real-world problems --- authentic science --- effective collaboration --- partnership dimensions --- scientific literacy --- engineering literacy --- integrated STEM curriculum --- microbial fuel cell --- design-based inquiry --- engineering education --- pre-service teacher education --- social cognitive theory
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Gamma-ray bursts are the brightest--and, until recently, among the least understood--cosmic events in the universe. Discovered by chance during the cold war, these evanescent high-energy explosions confounded astronomers for decades. But a rapid series of startling breakthroughs beginning in 1997 revealed that the majority of gamma-ray bursts are caused by the explosions of young and massive stars in the vast star-forming cauldrons of distant galaxies. New findings also point to very different origins for some events, serving to complicate but enrich our understanding of the exotic and violent universe. What Are Gamma-Ray Bursts? is a succinct introduction to this fast-growing subject, written by an astrophysicist who is at the forefront of today's research into these incredible cosmic phenomena. Joshua Bloom gives readers a concise and accessible overview of gamma-ray bursts and the theoretical framework that physicists have developed to make sense of complex observations across the electromagnetic spectrum. He traces the history of remarkable discoveries that led to our current understanding of gamma-ray bursts, and reveals the decisive role these phenomena could play in the grand pursuits of twenty-first century astrophysics, from studying gravity waves and unveiling the growth of stars and galaxies after the big bang to surmising the ultimate fate of the universe itself. What Are Gamma-Ray Bursts? is an essential primer to this exciting frontier of scientific inquiry, and a must-read for anyone seeking to keep pace with cutting-edge developments in physics today.
Gamma ray bursts. --- Stars --- Birth, Stellar --- Formation, Star --- Formation, Stellar --- Stellar birth --- Stellar formation --- Bursts, Cosmic gamma ray --- Bursts, Gamma ray --- Cosmic gamma ray bursts --- Transients, Gamma ray --- Gamma ray astronomy --- X-ray bursts --- Formation. --- Evolution --- GRB afterglows. --- GRB. --- GRBs. --- NASA GRB satellite. --- Partial Test Ban Treaty. --- Ray Klebesadel. --- Swift satellite. --- Vela Satellite Program. --- X-ray emission. --- afterglow emission. --- afterglow theory. --- afterglow. --- afterglows. --- anomalous X-ray pulsars. --- astronomers. --- astrophysics. --- big bang. --- central engine behavior. --- cosmic phenomena. --- cosmic rays. --- dust. --- electromagnetic spectrum. --- explosion propertie. --- galaxies. --- gamma-ray bursts. --- gas. --- gravitational waves. --- gravity waves. --- high-energy emission. --- neutrinos. --- neutron stars. --- nuclear testing. --- panchromatic observations. --- progenitors. --- reionization. --- relativistic shocks. --- scientific inquiry. --- soft Gamma-ray Repeaters. --- star formation. --- supernova. --- young stars.
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This book is a reprint of the Special Issue "Scientific Reasoning in Science Education: From Global Measures to Fine-Grained Descriptions of Students’ Competencies" published in the journal Education Sciences. It compiles all manuscripts of the special issue.
Humanities --- Education --- scientific reasoning --- primary education --- individual differences --- cognition --- assessment --- item features --- item difficulty --- abductive reasoning --- models --- modeling --- model construction --- model application --- modeling competence --- scientific inquiry --- science education --- chemistry --- teacher education --- argumentation --- reasoning --- justifications --- socioscientific issues --- societally denied science --- controversial science issues --- science communication --- nature of science --- preservice teachers --- longitudinal study --- cross-lagged panel --- explanations --- drawings --- earthquakes --- modelling competence --- chemical education --- epistemic cognition --- science discussions --- Quality Talk --- professional knowledge --- scientific reasoning skills --- self-efficacy --- students’ difficulties --- diagnostic competencies --- anomalous data --- balance of nature metaphor --- science teacher education --- pre-service teachers --- person-centered statistical analyses --- latent class analysis --- biological reasoning --- three-tiered assessment --- Assessment of Biological Reasoning --- data reasoning --- statistics education --- numerical cognition --- cognitive development --- number sense --- n/a --- models and modeling --- philosophy of science --- students' difficulties
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