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Climate change is increasing due to the anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases. The majority of these are due to the production and consumption of energy. According to the latest estimates, global energy demand could triple by 2050, and by then, 70% of the world’s population will live in cities. The challenge for future cities is the implementation of a mechanism that minimizes the need for injection of new energy resources in them, so that a high level of self-sufficiency can be achieved through the concept of circular economy, thus partially mitigating the impacts of climate change. Using solar energy today is considered to be one of the best solutions that can be installed in buildings to help with this issue. This book addresses several relevant aspects related to energy saving at cities, including a deep survey of research topics and scientific collaborations in energy saving. The main research topics carried out are related to sustainability, solar energy, the use of rooftops for energy generation, energy conversion from urban biomass or residues, wind energy, and public and private urban energy saving.

energy-saving --- energy conservation --- energy utilization --- energy efficiency --- scientific collaboration --- wind farm --- thermal power plants --- peak electricity demand --- Gulf of Mexico --- bike sharing --- energy saving --- system rebalancing --- Weibull function --- scale parameter --- shape parameter --- wind power density --- seasons --- optimal tilt angle --- PV system --- solar photovoltaic --- solar radiation --- PVGIS --- PVWatts --- Palestine --- pyrolysis --- solid tire wastes --- PCB --- TPO --- Pyro-Gas --- industrial scale --- local climate policy --- municipal authorities --- municipal energy planning --- local GHG emissions --- multilevel governance --- renewable energy --- zero-energy buildings --- sustainability --- sustainable transport --- PV --- energy saving in data processing centers

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"When Isaac Newton’s alchemical papers surfaced at a Sotheby’s auction in 1936, the quantity and seeming incoherence of the manuscripts were shocking. No longer the exemplar of Enlightenment rationality, the legendary physicist suddenly became “the last of the magicians.” Newton the Alchemist unlocks the secrets of Newton’s alchemical quest, providing a radically new understanding of the uncommon genius who probed nature at its deepest levels in pursuit of empirical knowledge. In this evocative and superbly written book, William Newman blends in-depth analysis of newly available texts with laboratory replications of Newton’s actual experiments in alchemy. He does not justify Newton’s alchemical research as part of a religious search for God in the physical world, nor does he argue that Newton studied alchemy to learn about gravitational attraction. Newman traces the evolution of Newton’s alchemical ideas and practices over a span of more than three decades, showing how they proved fruitful in diverse scientific fields. A precise experimenter in the realm of “chymistry,” Newton put the riddles of alchemy to the test in his lab. He also used ideas drawn from the alchemical texts to great effect in his optical experimentation. In his hands, alchemy was a tool for attaining the material benefits associated with the philosopher’s stone and an instrument for acquiring scientific knowledge of the most sophisticated kind. Newton the Alchemist provides rare insights into a man who was neither Enlightenment rationalist nor irrational magus, but rather an alchemist who sought through experiment and empiricism to alter nature at its very heart." -- Publisher's description.

Alchemy --- Metals, Transmutation of --- Philosophers' egg --- Philosophers' stone --- Stone, Philosophers' --- Transmutation of metals --- Chemistry --- Occultism --- History --- Newton, Isaac, --- Newton, Izaak, --- Niu-tun, --- Nʹi︠u︡ton, Isaak, --- Niutun, Yisake, --- Niyu̇ton, Isak, --- Nyuṭon, Ayzaḳ, --- Nyuṭon, Ayziḳ, --- ניוטאן, אייזאק, --- ניוטון, אייזק --- ניוטון, אייזיק --- 牛頓, --- 牛頓, 伊萨克, --- Knowledge --- Alchemy. --- Benedictine Basilius Valentinus. --- CU Add. 3973. --- Captain Hylliard. --- Eirenaeus Philalethes. --- Enlightenment. --- Epistola ad Theodorum Mundanum. --- Free Grammar School. --- Humores minerales. --- Hypothesis of Light. --- Isaac Newton. --- Johann de Monte-Snyders. --- Johann de Monte–Snyders. --- Keynes 35. --- Keynes 58. --- Keynes MS 58. --- Michael Sendivogius. --- Nicolas Fatio de Duillier. --- Nicolas Flamel. --- Of Natures obvious laws & processes in vegetation. --- Opera. --- Opticks. --- Philalethes. --- Praxis. --- Ramon Lull. --- Robert Boyle. --- Sendivogius. --- Three Mysterious Fires. --- Treatise of Chymistry. --- Trinity College. --- William Yworth. --- adept. --- alchemical text. --- alchemist. --- alchemists. --- alchemy. --- ancient mythology. --- antimonial sublimate. --- antimony. --- aurific art. --- biblical prophecy. --- caduceus of Mercury. --- chrysopoeia. --- chymical laboratory. --- chymical research. --- chymical studies. --- chymist. --- chymistry of light. --- chymistry. --- color theory. --- color. --- copper vitriol. --- education. --- empiricism. --- exegesis. --- experimental notebooks. --- experimental philosophy. --- florilegium style. --- florilegium. --- gold. --- laboratory notebooks. --- lead. --- lorilegia. --- metals. --- mining. --- natural world. --- nature. --- niter. --- optical experimentation. --- optical research. --- optics. --- our Venus. --- philosophers' stone. --- phlogiston theory. --- reason. --- refraction theory. --- refractive power. --- sal ammoniac. --- scientific collaboration. --- scientific knowledge. --- scythe of Saturn. --- sea salt. --- secret fire. --- sophic mercury. --- sophic sal ammoniac. --- sulfur. --- treatise. --- vegetability.