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In a career that included tenures as president of Stony Brook University, director of Brookhaven National Laboratory, and science advisor to President George W. Bush, John Marburger (1941–2011) found himself on the front line of battles that pulled science ever deeper into the political arena. From nuclear power to global warming and stem cell research, science controversies, he discovered, are never just about science. Science Policy Up Close presents Marburger’s reflections on the challenges science administrators face in the twenty-first century. In each phase of public service Marburger came into contact with a new dimension of science policy. The Shoreham Commission exposed him to the problem of handling a volatile public controversy over nuclear power. The Superconducting Super Collider episode gave him insights into the collision between government requirements and scientists’ expectations and feelings of entitlement. The Directorship of Brookhaven taught him how to talk to the public about the risks of conducting high-energy physics and about large government research facilities. As Presidential Science Advisor he had to represent both the scientific community to the administration and the administration to the scientific community at a time when each side was highly suspicious of the other. What Marburger understood before most others was this: until the final quarter of the twentieth century, science had been largely protected from public scrutiny and government supervision. Today that is no longer true. Scientists and science policy makers can learn from Marburger what they must do now to improve their grip on their own work.

Science and state --- Science --- Science consultants --- Physicists --- Science advisors --- Consultants --- Natural science --- Natural sciences --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Political aspects --- Marburger, John H., --- Marburger, John H.

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In today's complex world, we have come to rely increasingly on those who have expertise in specific areas and can bring their knowledge to bear on crucial social, political and scientific questions. Taking the viewpoint that experts are consulted when there is something important at stake for an individual, a group, or society at large, Experts in Science and Society explores expertise as a relational concept. How do experts balance their commitment to science with that to society? How does a society actually determine that a person has expertise? What personal traits are valued in an expert? From where does the expert derive authority? What makes new forms of expertise emerge? These and related questions are addressed from a wide range of areas in order to be inclusive, as well as to demonstrate similarities across areas. Likewise, in order to be culturally comparative, this volume includes examples and discussions of experts in different countries and even in different time periods. The topics include the roles of political experts, scientific experts, medical experts, legal experts, and more.

Consultants -- Social aspects. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Science and state. --- Science consultants. --- Science consultants --- Consultants --- Science and state --- Sciences - General --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Social aspects --- Social aspects. --- Physics. --- Science. --- Philosophy and science. --- Science --- Sociology. --- Clinical psychology. --- Societal Aspects of Physics. --- Science, general. --- Sociology, general. --- Clinical Psychology. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Science advisors --- Science policy --- State and science --- State, The --- Advisors --- Specialists --- Government policy --- Psychology, clinical. --- Societal Aspects of Physics, Outreach and Education. --- Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary. --- Philosophy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Science—Social aspects. --- Science and philosophy --- Psychiatry --- Psychology, Applied --- Psychological tests --- Social theory --- Social sciences