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Electric prospecting --- Oil well logging, Electric --- Petroleum engineering --- History. --- Schlumberger Limited.
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In the first three and a half years of its existence, Fairchild Semiconductor developed, produced, and marketed the device that would become the fundamental building block of the digital world: the microchip. Founded in 1957 by eight former employees of the Schockley Semiconductor Laboratory, Fairchild created the model for a successful Silicon Valley start-up: intense activity with a common goal, close collaboration, and a quick path to the market (Fairchild's first device hit the market just ten months after the company's founding). Fairchild Semiconductor was one of the first companies financed by venture capital, and its success inspired the establishment of venture capital firms in the San Francisco Bay area. These firms would finance the explosive growth of Silicon Valley over the next several decades. This history of the early years of Fairchild Semiconductor examines the technological, business, and social dynamics behind its innovative products. The centerpiece of the book is a collection of documents, reproduced in facsimile, including the company's first prospectus; ideas, sketches, and plans for the company's products; and a notebook kept by cofounder Jay Last that records problems, schedules, and tasks discussed at weekly meetings. A historical overview, interpretive essays, and an introduction to semiconductor technology in the period accompany these primary documents.
Semiconductors --- Integrated circuits --- Design and construction --- History. --- Fairchild (Firm) --- Chips (Electronics) --- Circuits, Integrated --- Computer chips --- Microchips --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation --- Schlumberger Limited. --- Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corporation. --- Electronic circuits --- Microelectronics --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Materials
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This is the story of how one company created and codified a new science "on the run," away from the confines of the laboratory. By construing its service as scientific, Schlumberger was able to get the edge on the competition and construct an enviable niche for itself in a fast-growing industry. In the engaging account, Geoffrey Bowker reveals how Schlumberger devised a method of testing potential oil fields, produced a rhetoric, and secured a position that allowed it to manipulate the definition of what a technology is. Bowker calls the heart of the story "The Two Measurements That Worked," and he renders it in the style of a myth. In so doing, he shows seamlessly how society becomes embedded even in that most basic and seemingly value-dependent of scientific concepts: the measurement. Bowker describes the origins and peregrinations of Schlumberger, details the ways in which the science developed in the field was translated into a form that could be defended in a patent court, and analyzes the company's strategies within the broader context of industrial science.
Oil field equipment and supplies industry --- Oil well drilling --- Electronic industries --- Research, Industrial --- Industries --- Business & Economics --- Contract research --- Industrial research --- Research --- Engineering experiment stations --- Inventions --- Technological innovations --- Electronics industry --- Electric industries --- Drilling, Oil well --- Oil well boring --- Petroleum --- Well drilling, Oil --- Boring --- Oil fields --- Petroleum engineering --- History. --- History --- Well-boring --- Production methods --- Equipment and supplies --- Schlumberger Limited --- Schlumberger (Corporation) --- Schlumberger Surenco S.A. --- Prospecting --- France
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