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Mountaineers --- Alpinistes --- Biography --- Biographie --- Saussure, Horace Bénédict de,

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Quels outils un chercheur doit-il créer pour identifier un nouveau fait scientifique ? Qu’y a-t-il de commun entre la construction du fait et sa réception ? Comment les contenus d’un cahier de laboratoire interagissent-ils avec les réseaux de correspondances et les publications ? L’ouvrage de Marc ­Ratcliff aborde ces questions en reconstruisant la découverte de la division des infusoires — micro-­organismes ­unicellulaires des eaux douces ou saumâtres — par le savant genevois Horace-Bénédict de ­Saussure (1740-1799) et sa réception par une communauté d’acteurs. En reliant l’enquête microhistorique à l’analyse épistémologique pour comprendre le double parcours du chercheur et de son objet, l’auteur propose une nouvelle lecture des relations entre construction, découverte et réception des pratiques scientifiques. What kind of tools might a researcher create to identify a new scientific fact? What is there in common between the construction of the fact and its reception? How do the contents of a laboratory notebook interact with scientific correspondence networks and related publications? In this French-language book, Ratcliff explores these questions as he reconstructs both the discovery of the division of Infusoria (fresh- and pond-water unicellular organisms) by Geneva scholar Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740–1799) and its reception by the late eighteenth-century scientific community. Combining micro-historical and epistemological analysis in order to investigate the double path of the researcher and his object, Ratcliff proposes a new understanding of the relationships between construction, discovery, and reception.

Life sciences --- Biology --- Microscopy --- Discoveries in science --- Research --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Infusoria. --- History --- History. --- Saussure, Horace Bénédict de, --- Animalcules --- Protozoa --- Knowledge, Theory of (Sociology) --- Sociology of knowledge --- Communication --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Public opinion --- Sociology --- Social epistemology --- Science --- Science research --- Scientific research --- Information services --- Learning and scholarship --- Methodology --- Research teams --- Breakthroughs, Scientific --- Discoveries, Scientific --- Scientific breakthroughs --- Scientific discoveries --- Creative ability in science --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Optics --- Life (Biology) --- Natural history --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Desaussure, Horace Bénédict, --- épistémologie --- histoire des sciences