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For centuries, the art of translation has been misconstrued as a solitary affair. Yet, from Antiquity to the Middle Ages, groups of translators comprised of specialists of different languages formed in order to transport texts from one language and culture to another. Collaborative Translation uncovers the collaborative practices occluded in Renaissance theorizing of translation to which our individualist notions of translation are indebted. Leading translation scholars as well as professional translators have been invited here to detail their experiences of collaborative translation, as well as the fruits of their research into this neglected form of translation.This volume offers in-depth analysis of rich, sometimes explosive, relationships between authors and their translators. Their negotiations of cooperation and control, assistance and interference, are shown here to shape the translation of prominent modern authors such as Günter Grass, Vladimir Nabokov and Haruki Murakami.The advent of printing, the cultural institutions and the legal and political environment that regulate the production of translated texts have each formalized many of the inherently social and communicative practices of translation. Yet this publishing regime has been profoundly disrupted by the technologies that are currently revolutionizing collaborative translation techniques. This volume details the impact that this technological and environmental evolution is having upon the translator, proliferating sites and communities of collaboration, transforming traditional relationships with authors and editors, revisers, stage directors, actors and readers.

Translating and interpreting --- History --- Vertalen --- Vertalen en crowdsourcing --- samenwerking vertaler - auteur --- online samenwerking vertalers --- Theory of literary translation --- History of civilization --- Vertalen en crowdsourcing. --- samenwerking vertaler - auteur. --- online samenwerking vertalers. --- Samenwerking vertaler - auteur. --- Online samenwerking vertalers.

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Translatology now recognizes that translators are not the only agents involved in the work of translation. Authors and reviewers have the opportunity to make suggestions and give instructions to the translator. Publishers retain a certain power over the final text and its presentation to the public. If we know that translations are often censored in totalitarian regimes, the effects of commercial interests in "free" societies are less well known. Inspired by the concept of "voice" to illuminate situations where multiple agents interact, this volume contributes tangibly to the understanding of the processes by which authors, editors, directors and critics can act on translation. These empirical studies reveal patterns of collaboration and negotiation as well as types of conflict in different historical and contemporary contexts. They pay particular attention to the multiple voices of theatrical translation. This book is the second volume of essays published in the wake of the Symposium on Audition and Editorial Voices, organized at the University of Copenhagen in 2011 by the International Research Group on Voice in Translation. Inspired by the concept of "voice" to illuminate situations where multiple agents interact, this volume contributes tangibly to understanding the processes and practices by which editors and editors can act on translation. These essays deal with modalities of revision in contexts of rewriting, rewriting, autobiography and colonialism, as well as publishers' practices on prefaces, formats, titles and marketing. Collaborators report on empirical research in historical and contemporary contexts involving a wide range of languages including German, English, Danish, Finnish, French, Indonesian, Italian, Swedish and the Turkish.

Translating and interpreting --- Literaire vertaling --- Vertalen --- samenwerking vertaler - auteur --- samenwerking vertaler - performer --- samenwerking vertaler - redacteur --- samenwerking vertaler - uitgever --- Literaire vertaling. --- samenwerking vertaler - auteur. --- samenwerking vertaler - performer. --- samenwerking vertaler - redacteur. --- samenwerking vertaler - uitgever. --- Samenwerking vertaler - auteur. --- Samenwerking vertaler - performer. --- Samenwerking vertaler - redacteur. --- Samenwerking vertaler - uitgever.