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OURTHE --- SALMO TRUTTA --- RESETTLEMENT --- OURTHE --- DEMOGRAPHY --- REPORTS --- SALMO TRUTTA --- SALMO TRUTTA --- OURTHE --- SALMO TRUTTA --- RESETTLEMENT --- OURTHE --- DEMOGRAPHY --- REPORTS --- SALMO TRUTTA --- RESETTLEMENT --- SALMO TRUTTA --- DEMOGRAPHY --- REPORTS
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Salmo trutta --- Salmo trutta --- Fish larvae --- Fish larvae --- Freshwater --- Freshwater --- Quality --- Quality --- Fishways --- Fishways --- Wallonie --- Wallonie
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Dans le cadre de la recherche d’une alternative pour la salmoniculture soumise parfois aux aléas des changements climatiques, la présente étude vise à évaluer l’effet de quatre températures sur la survie et la croissance des hybrides issues d’un croisement entre une femelle de truite fario (Salmo trutta) et un mâle de saumon de fontaine (Salvenilus fontinalis). Deux séries d’expérimentation sont conduites sur une période de 19 jours (expérience 1) et 35 jours (expérience2). Ainsi 320 juvéniles de poids moyen de 44,3± 10,7g sont répartis dans 8 bacs de volume 0,1m3 et soumis en duplicat à quatre traitements thermiques : T16, T20, T24, T26. La deuxième série d’expérimentation est conduite à la suite de la première dans les mêmes conditions avec les juvéniles de poids moyens 53,5 ± 15,06 g. Les poissons sont nourris avec une provende extrudée de marque Coppens 3mm contenant 41,7 % de protéines. En dehors de la température qui a varié d’un traitement à un autre, le taux d’oxygène dissous, de matières azotées (nitrates et nitrites) sont restées dans les normes recommandées pour la survie et la croissance des hybrides de salmonidés. Les taux de survie moyen sont très faibles pour les traitements T24 (26,25%) et T26 (1,25%) au cours de la l’expérience 2. Quant à l’expérience 1, les poissons issus de ces deux traitements n’ont pas survécu au cours de première quinzaine d’élevage. Les meilleurs taux de survie 95% et 100% (expérience 1) et 78,75% et 86,25% (expérience 2) sont obtenus respectivement au cours de traitement T16 et T20. Pour ce qui est des performances de croissance, les faibles taux de croissance spécifiques sont enregistrés d’une manière générale au cours des traitements T24 et T26. Ces taux sont respectivement de 1,5±0,09 %/j ; 1,3±0,02 %/j pour l’expérience 1 et de 0,4±0,2 %/j ; 0,3±0,04 %/j au cours de l’expérience 2. Il apparait alors que les températures 16°C et 20°C favorisent la survie et la croissance des hybrides de salmonidés contrairement aux températures 24°C et 26°C qui restent létales pour les poissons.
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pollutants --- toxicity --- Blood composition --- Freshwater fishes --- Water pollution --- Nitrites --- Ammonia --- Malathion --- Trout --- Carpe --- Carp --- Cyprinus carpio --- Spectrometry --- Electrophoresis --- Salmo trutta fario --- Oncorhynchus gairdneri --- Systeme enzymatique --- Detoxication --- Salmo trutta fario --- Oncorhynchus gairdneri --- Systeme enzymatique --- Detoxication
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Trout --- Animal population --- Rivers --- Lac --- Lakes --- Restocking --- Age. --- Age --- Salmo trutta --- Technique d'etude --- France --- France --- Technique d'etude
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Apis mellifera --- Apis mellifera --- Salmo trutta --- Salmo trutta --- Sheep --- Sheep --- Medicago --- Medicago --- Quercus --- Quercus --- Populus --- Populus --- Caesalpinioideae --- Caesalpinioideae --- Feed crops --- Feed crops --- Cereals --- Cereals --- rabbits --- rabbits --- Coffea --- Coffea --- Oryza --- Oryza --- Hevea. --- Hevea --- Sorghum --- Sorghum --- microbial flora --- microbial flora --- Rhizobium --- Rhizobium --- Frankia --- Frankia --- Fungi --- Fungi --- Mycorrhizae --- Mycorrhizae --- genetic resources --- genetic resources --- Resource conservation --- Resource conservation --- resource management --- resource management --- Dicorynia guianensis --- Dicorynia guianensis
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Freshwater fishes --- Saltwater fishes --- Fishery resources --- Animal physiology --- environmental factors --- Water quality --- Xenobiotics --- Salmo trutta --- Turbot --- Trout --- Sturgeons --- Pike --- Sea bass --- Fish larvae --- life cycle --- Animal population --- population dynamics --- Salvelinus alpinus --- Oncorhynchus mykiss --- Scophthalmus maximus --- Dicentrarchus labrax --- Esox lucius --- Salmo salar --- Gambusia affinis --- Osmerus eperlanus --- Smelts --- Chars --- Facteur biotique --- Facteur abiotique --- Brachydanio rerio --- Facteur biotique --- Facteur abiotique --- Brachydanio rerio
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Brown trout --- Gewone forel --- Salmo eriox --- Salmo trutta --- Truite commune --- Truite de rivière --- Truites --- Truites. --- Murs et comportement. --- Pisciculture --- Fish culture --- Truite --- Trout --- Biologie --- biology --- Cours d'eau --- Rivers --- Écologie d'eau douce --- freshwater ecology --- Polymorphisme génétique --- Genetic polymorphism --- Ressource génétique --- genetic resources --- Ressource naturelle --- Natural resources --- Génétique des populations --- population genetics --- Développement biologique --- biological development --- France --- Nord-pas de Calais --- Nord Pas de Calais --- Picardie --- Picardy --- Murs et comportement --- Ecology --- Fish culture. --- Nord Pas de Calais. --- Fishes. --- Animal Husbandry. --- Truites - France --- Truites - Murs et comportement --- Animal Husbandry --- Inra
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Destruction of habitat is the major cause for loss of biodiversity including variation in life history and habitat ecology. Each species and population adapts to its environment, adaptations visible in morphology, ecology, behaviour, physiology and genetics. Here, the authors present the population ecology of Atlantic salmon and brown trout and how it is influenced by the environment in terms of growth, migration, spawning and recruitment. Salmonids appeared as freshwater fish some 50 million years ago. Atlantic salmon and brown trout evolved in the Atlantic basin, Atlantic salmon in North America and Europe, brown trout in Europe, Northern Africa and Western Asia. The species live in small streams as well as large rivers, lakes, estuaries, coastal seas and oceans, with brown trout better adapted to small streams and less well adapted to feeding in the ocean than Atlantic salmon. Smolt and adult sizes and longevity are constrained by habitat conditions of populations spawning in small streams. Feeding, wintering and spawning opportunities influence migratory versus resident lifestyles, while the growth rate influences egg size and number, age at maturity, reproductive success and longevity. Further, early experiences influence later performance. For instance, juvenile behaviour influences adult homing, competition for spawning habitat, partner finding and predator avoidance. The abundance of wild Atlantic salmon populations has declined in recent years; climate change and escaped farmed salmon are major threats. The climate influences through changes in temperature and flow, while escaped farmed salmon do so through ecological competition, interbreeding and the spreading of contagious diseases. The authors pinpoint essential problems and offer suggestions as to how they can be reduced. In this context, population enhancement, habitat restoration and management are also discussed. The text closes with a presentation of what the authors view as major scientific challenges in ecological research on these species.
Atlantic salmon -- Conservation. --- Atlantic salmon -- Ecology. --- Atlantic salmon -- Effect of habitat modification on. --- Brown trout -- Conservation. --- Brown trout -- Ecology. --- Brown trout -- Effect of habitat modification on. --- Sea trout -- Conservation. --- Sea trout -- Ecology. --- Atlantic salmon --- Brown trout --- Sea trout --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Vertebrates --- Ecology --- Effect of habitat modification on --- Conservation --- Fishes --- Atlantic salmon. --- Brown trout. --- Ecology. --- Salmo eriox --- Salmo trutta --- Salmo salar --- Life sciences. --- Animal ecology. --- Aquatic ecology. --- Community ecology, Biotic. --- Wildlife. --- Fish. --- Life Sciences. --- Animal Ecology. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management. --- Community & Population Ecology. --- Salmo --- Trout --- Salmon --- Aquatic biology. --- Wildlife management. --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Animal populations --- Game management --- Management, Game --- Management, Wildlife --- Plant populations --- Wildlife resources --- Natural resources --- Wildlife conservation --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Aquatic sciences --- Animals --- Management --- Aquatic ecology . --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Fish --- Pisces --- Aquatic animals --- Fisheries --- Fishing --- Ichthyology --- Aquatic biology
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This book summarizes research from the intensive study of a pristine subalpine lake ecosystem and its catchment over the last 50 years. A wide range of topics is presented, including several unique time series focusing on changes in ice cover, water temperature, zooplankton, benthos and fish. Significant changes in the lake fauna after the introduction of European minnow into an ecosystem where brown trout was the sole fish species have been documented. The area received substantial radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and two articles address long-term changes in radiocaesium activity concentrations in allochthonous plant material and in fish. Other topics include palaeoecology, mercury in fish and remote sensing of catchment snows. Such long-term research is crucial in a rapidly changing environment due to the impacts of climate change, long-range pollutants and alien species. This provides a solid basis for future monitoring and management of freshwater ecosystems. The book will not only be of interest to freshwater ecologists working in the field, but also for managers responsible for the protection and monitoring of natural areas. It illustrates the changes now taking place in pristine ecosystems as a result of human activities and will serve as a supplementary text for courses in environmental management.
Aquatic biology. --- Climatic changes. --- Ecology. --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Life sciences. --- Nature Conservation. --- Wildlife management. --- Lake ecology --- Brown trout --- Phoxinus phoxinus --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Ecology --- Salmo eriox --- Salmo trutta --- Lakes --- Ecosystems. --- Aquatic ecology. --- Wildlife. --- Fish. --- Climate change. --- Nature conservation. --- Life Sciences. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management. --- Climate Change. --- Salmo --- Trout --- Sea trout --- Freshwater ecology --- Reservoir ecology --- Phoxinus --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Animal populations --- Game management --- Management, Game --- Management, Wildlife --- Plant populations --- Wildlife resources --- Natural resources --- Wildlife conservation --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Aquatic sciences --- Biology --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Environmental aspects --- Management --- Conservation --- Ecology . --- Aquatic ecology . --- Fish --- Pisces --- Aquatic animals --- Vertebrates --- Fisheries --- Fishing --- Ichthyology --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Aquatic biology --- Global environmental change
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