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Salinity --- Saline soils --- Perimetre lac horo --- Mali

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The cultivation of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) can be limited by salinity in arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of this research was to investigate the morphological responses of different Lycopersicon species to NaCl, in order to understand their roles in determining the salt tolerance of whole plants. Isolated roots, cultivated in vitro, and whole plants, cultivated in hydroponics, were used as experimental systems. Relative growth rate (RGR) of isolated roots was significantly reduced in L. chilense (drought-resistant and L. cheesmanii (salinity-resistant), moderately reduced in L. esculentum (cultivated species) and showed little reduction in the L. esculentum mutant flacca (sensitive to osmotic stress). Two main mechanisms of osmo-regulation have been demonstrated in roots : 1) an increase in the concentrations of selected sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose) in L. chilense and L. esculentum and, 2) increase in cation (Na +, K +) concentrations in L. pennellii. Results from both isolated roots and whole plants demonstrate that the tolerance of tomato plants to salinity is based upon both the degree of inherent root tolerance to NaCl and the rate at which the root system develops. Root culture could be used as rapid, efficacious test for evaluating these two features in breeding programmes for salt tolerance.

Lycopersicon --- Root systems --- Sodium chloride --- Saline soils --- Stress --- Plant physiology

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Sampling --- Salinity --- Saline soils --- Variable spatiale --- Cartographie numerique --- Krigeage --- Variance d'erreur --- Application --- Algeria

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Saline soils --- Coasts --- Soil degradation --- Irrigation schemes --- farmland --- Coastal plains --- Salinisation --- Algeria

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Atriplex --- Saline soils --- Salt tolerance --- Feed crops --- Maireana brevifolia --- Atriplex amnicola --- Atriplex halimus --- Halosarcia --- Australia