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The book presents recent studies covering the aspects of challenges in predictive modelling and applications. Advanced numerical techniques for accurate and efficient real-time prediction and optimal management in coastal and hydraulic engineering are explored. For example, adaptive unstructured meshes are introduced to capture the important dynamics that operate over a range of length scales. Deep learning techniques enable rapid and accurate modelling simulations and pave the way towards both real-time forecasting and overall optimisation control over time, thus improving profitability and managing risk. The use of data assimilation techniques incorporates information from experiments and observations to reduce uncertainties in predictions and improve predictive accuracy. Targeted observation approaches can be used for identifying when, where, and what types of observations would provide the greatest improvement to specific model forecasts at a future time. Such targeted observations are important as they will allow the most effective use of available monitoring resources. The combination of deep learning and data assimilation enables a rapid and accurate response in emergencies. The technologies discussed here can be also used to determine the sensitivity of outputs to various operational conditions in engineering and management, thus providing reliable information to both the public and policy-makers

Research & information: general --- numerical modelling --- unstructured meshes --- finite volume --- North Sea --- salinity --- deep learning --- martinez boundary salinity generator --- Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta --- residence time --- exposure time --- transport time scale --- hyper-tidal estuary --- singular value decomposition --- data assimilation --- ocean models --- observation strategies --- ocean forecasting systems --- ocean Double Gyre --- 4D-Var --- ROMS --- MEOF --- initial ensemble --- ensemble spread --- LETKF --- n/a --- Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
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The book presents recent studies covering the aspects of challenges in predictive modelling and applications. Advanced numerical techniques for accurate and efficient real-time prediction and optimal management in coastal and hydraulic engineering are explored. For example, adaptive unstructured meshes are introduced to capture the important dynamics that operate over a range of length scales. Deep learning techniques enable rapid and accurate modelling simulations and pave the way towards both real-time forecasting and overall optimisation control over time, thus improving profitability and managing risk. The use of data assimilation techniques incorporates information from experiments and observations to reduce uncertainties in predictions and improve predictive accuracy. Targeted observation approaches can be used for identifying when, where, and what types of observations would provide the greatest improvement to specific model forecasts at a future time. Such targeted observations are important as they will allow the most effective use of available monitoring resources. The combination of deep learning and data assimilation enables a rapid and accurate response in emergencies. The technologies discussed here can be also used to determine the sensitivity of outputs to various operational conditions in engineering and management, thus providing reliable information to both the public and policy-makers

numerical modelling --- unstructured meshes --- finite volume --- North Sea --- salinity --- deep learning --- martinez boundary salinity generator --- Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta --- residence time --- exposure time --- transport time scale --- hyper-tidal estuary --- singular value decomposition --- data assimilation --- ocean models --- observation strategies --- ocean forecasting systems --- ocean Double Gyre --- 4D-Var --- ROMS --- MEOF --- initial ensemble --- ensemble spread --- LETKF --- n/a --- Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

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Geophysical, environmental, and urban fluid flows (i.e., flows developing in oceans, seas, estuaries, rivers, aquifers, reservoirs, etc.) exhibit a wide range of reactive and transport processes. Therefore, identifying key phenomena, understanding their relative importance, and establishing causal relationships between them is no trivial task. Analysis of primitive variables (e.g., velocity components, pressure, temperature, concentration) is not always conducive to the most fruitful interpretations. Examining auxiliary variables introduced for diagnostic purposes is an option worth considering. In this respect, tracer and timescale methods are proving to be very effective. Such methods can help address questions such as, "where does a fluid-born dissolved or particulate substance come from and where will it go?" or, "how fast are the transport and reaction phenomena controlling the appearance and disappearance such substances?" These issues have been dealt with since the 19th century, essentially by means of ad hoc approaches. However, over the past three decades, methods resting on solid theoretical foundations have been developed, which permit the evaluation of tracer concentrations and diagnostic timescales (age, residence/exposure time, etc.) across space and time and using numerical models and field data. This book comprises research and review articles, introducing state-of-the-art diagnostic theories and their applications to domains ranging from shallow human-made reservoirs to lakes, river networks, marine domains, and subsurface flows

residence time --- Three Gorges Reservoir --- tributary bay --- density current --- water level regulation --- marina --- water renewal --- transport timescales --- return-flow --- macro-tidal --- wind influence --- floating structures --- San Francisco Estuary --- Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta --- water age --- transport time scales --- hydrodynamic model --- tidal hydrodynamics --- stable isotopes --- reactive tracers --- tailor-made tracer design --- hydrogeological tracer test --- kinetics --- partitioning --- Mahakam Delta --- age --- exposure time --- return coefficient --- CART --- source water fingerprinting --- floodplain --- turbulence --- ADCP measurement --- wave bias --- Reynolds stress --- transport process --- passive tracers --- terrestrial dissolved substances --- Pearl River Estuary --- shallow lake --- meteorological influence --- sub-basins --- Delft3D --- partial differential equations --- boundary conditions --- geophysical and environmental fluid flows --- reactive transport --- interpretation methods --- diagnostic timescales --- age distribution function --- radionuclide --- tracer --- data collection --- antimony 125 (125Sb) --- tritium (3H) --- dispersion --- modeling --- English Channel --- North Sea --- Biscay Bay --- timescale --- transport --- hydrodynamic --- ecological --- biogeochemical --- coastal --- estuary --- flushing time --- shallow reservoir --- numerical modeling --- Lagrangian transport modelling --- coupled wave–ocean models --- ocean drifters --- wave-induced processes --- model skills --- n/a --- Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta --- coupled wave-ocean models

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An ecosystem in freefall, a shrinking water supply for cities and agriculture, an antiquated network of failure-prone levees-this is the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, the major hub of California's water system. Written by a team of independent water experts, this analysis of the latest data evaluates proposed solutions to the Delta's myriad problems. Through in-depth economic and ecological analysis, the authors find that the current policy of channeling water exports through the Delta is not sustainable for any interest. Employing a peripheral canal-conveying water around the Delta instead of through it-as part of a larger habitat and water management plan appears to be the best strategy to maintain both a high-quality water supply and at the same time improve conditions for native fish and wildlife. This important assessment includes integrated analysis of long term ecosystem and water management options and demonstrates how issues such as climate change and sustainability will shape the future.Published in cooperation with the Public Policy Institute of California

Delta Region (Calif.) -- Environmental conditions. --- Environmental management -- California -- Delta Region. --- Estuarine ecology -- California -- Delta Region. --- Water diversion -- Environmental aspects -- California -- Delta Region -- Forecasting. --- Water quality management -- California -- Delta Region. --- Water-supply -- California -- Delta Region -- Forecasting. --- Water-supply -- California -- Delta Region -- Management. --- River engineering --- Water transfer --- Environmental Engineering --- Hydraulic Engineering --- Mechanical Engineering --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Delta Region (Calif.) --- Environmental conditions. --- Water quality management --- Estuarine ecology --- Water-supply --- Water diversion --- Environmental management --- Forecasting. --- Environmental aspects --- Management. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources --- Diversion of water --- Estuaries --- Water quality --- Water quality control --- Ecology --- Management --- Sacramento River (Calif.) --- Sacramento River Delta (Calif.) --- Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Calif.) --- San Joaquin River (Calif.) --- San Joaquin River Delta (Calif.) --- San Joaquin-Sacramento Delta (Calif.) --- Delta --- Engineering, River --- Hydraulic engineering --- Water resources development --- Transfer of water --- Water export --- Water transportation --- Flood control --- Water use --- Natural resources --- Public utilities --- Water utilities --- Brackish water ecology --- Sewage disposal --- Water conservation --- Environmental sciences --- Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary (Calif.) --- Sacramento River Estuary (Calif.) --- San Joaquin River Estuary (Calif.) --- San Joaquin-Sacramento Estuary (Calif.)