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The recent global events of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020 have alerted the world to the urgent need to develop fast, sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical tools that are capable of carrying out a large number of quantitative analyses, not only in centralized laboratories and core facilities but also on site and for point-of-care applications. In particular, in the case of immunological tests, the required sensitivity and specificity is often lacking when carrying out large-scale screening using decentralized methods, while a centralized laboratory with qualified personnel is required for providing quantitative and reliable responses. The advantages typical of electrochemical and optical biosensors (low cost and easy transduction) can nowadays be complemented in terms of improved sensitivity by combining electrochemistry (EC) with optical techniques such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL), EC/surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and EC/surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This Special Issue addresses existing knowledge gaps and aids in exploring new approaches, solutions, and applications for opto-electrochemical biosensors in the quantitative detection of disease markers, such as cancer biomarkers proteins and allergens, and pathogenic agents such as viruses. Included are seven peer-reviewed papers that cover a range of subjects and applications related to the strategies developed for early diagnosis.

gold nanoparticles --- doxycycline --- tetracycline --- SPR biosensor --- signal amplification --- clinical diagnosis --- microRNA --- electrochemical biosensor --- catalysts --- RedOx indicator --- cancer biomarker --- electrochemical immune platform --- human ST2 --- plasma --- pancreatic cancer --- collagen type I --- 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol --- nanogold --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- surface plasmon resonance --- half antibody --- medical diagnostic devices --- peptide --- antifouling --- protease --- biomarker --- bioreceptor --- SARS-CoV-2 detection --- nasopharyngeal swab --- saliva --- serum --- droplets --- amperometric biosensor --- neural esterase --- acetylcholinesterase --- inhibition --- organophosphate --- design --- optimization --- mathematical model --- flux control --- dimensionless --- n/a --- 4,4'-thiobisbenzenethiol

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The recent global events of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020 have alerted the world to the urgent need to develop fast, sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical tools that are capable of carrying out a large number of quantitative analyses, not only in centralized laboratories and core facilities but also on site and for point-of-care applications. In particular, in the case of immunological tests, the required sensitivity and specificity is often lacking when carrying out large-scale screening using decentralized methods, while a centralized laboratory with qualified personnel is required for providing quantitative and reliable responses. The advantages typical of electrochemical and optical biosensors (low cost and easy transduction) can nowadays be complemented in terms of improved sensitivity by combining electrochemistry (EC) with optical techniques such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL), EC/surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and EC/surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This Special Issue addresses existing knowledge gaps and aids in exploring new approaches, solutions, and applications for opto-electrochemical biosensors in the quantitative detection of disease markers, such as cancer biomarkers proteins and allergens, and pathogenic agents such as viruses. Included are seven peer-reviewed papers that cover a range of subjects and applications related to the strategies developed for early diagnosis.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Biochemistry --- gold nanoparticles --- doxycycline --- tetracycline --- SPR biosensor --- signal amplification --- clinical diagnosis --- microRNA --- electrochemical biosensor --- catalysts --- RedOx indicator --- cancer biomarker --- electrochemical immune platform --- human ST2 --- plasma --- pancreatic cancer --- collagen type I --- 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol --- nanogold --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- surface plasmon resonance --- half antibody --- medical diagnostic devices --- peptide --- antifouling --- protease --- biomarker --- bioreceptor --- SARS-CoV-2 detection --- nasopharyngeal swab --- saliva --- serum --- droplets --- amperometric biosensor --- neural esterase --- acetylcholinesterase --- inhibition --- organophosphate --- design --- optimization --- mathematical model --- flux control --- dimensionless --- n/a --- 4,4'-thiobisbenzenethiol

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The rise of photonics technologies has driven an extremely fast evolution in biosensing applications. Such rapid progress has created a gap of understanding and insight capability in the general public about advanced sensing systems that have been made progressively available by these new technologies. Thus, there is currently a clear need for moving the meaning of some keywords, such as plasmonic, into the daily vocabulary of a general audience with a reasonable degree of education. The selection of the scientific works reported in this book is carefully balanced between reviews and research papers and has the purpose of presenting a set of applications and case studies sufficiently broad enough to enlighten the reader attention toward the great potential of plasmonic biosensing and the great impact that can be expected in the near future for supporting disease screening and stratification.

gold nanorods --- silica coating --- localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) --- surface functionalization --- SPR biosensor --- enzyme --- laccase --- chlorophene --- emerging pollutant --- water sample --- plasmonic nanowires --- molecular sensing --- surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy --- porous alumina --- TREM2 sensors --- Alzheimer’s disease --- plasmonic interferometry --- optical biosensor --- surface plasmon resonance --- olfactory sensors --- electronic noses --- volatile organic compounds --- odorants --- SPR --- cell-based assay --- viral growth kinetics --- human coronavirus --- hydroxychloroquine --- protease --- caspase --- avidin-biotin interaction --- biosensors --- AuNPs --- metal–graphene hybrid --- simulations --- Mie theory --- African swine fever virus (ASFV) --- loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) --- surface plasmon resonance (SPR) --- fluorescence detection --- SERS analysis --- plasmonic metal nanoparticles --- hotspots --- hybrid materials