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Robotics and control are both research and application domains that have been frequently engineered through the use of interdisciplinary approaches like cybernetics. Cognition is a particular concept of this approach, abstracted from the context of living organisms to that of artificial devices, and is concerned with knowledge acquisition and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses. Cognitive robotics and control refer to knowledge processing as much as knowledge generation from problem understanding, leading to special forms of architectures that enable systems to behave in an autonomous way. The main aim of this book is to highlight emerging applications and address recent breakthroughs in the domain of cognitive robotics and control and related areas. Procedures, algorithms, architectures, and implementations for reasoning, problem solving, or decision making are considered in the domain of robotics and control.

History of engineering & technology --- initial trajectory --- trajectory optimization --- Bézier surface --- robotics --- open FPGAs --- robot control --- surgical robotics --- human–machine interaction --- autonomous guidance --- low-cost platform --- FPGA --- S-curve --- motion control --- SoC --- telemanipulation --- haptics --- machine learning --- gesture recognition --- upper limb rehabilitation robot --- particle swam optimization (PSO) --- artificial bee colony (ABC) --- Ziegler Nichols --- Maximum sensitivity --- ontology --- robot task planning --- knowledge base --- knowledge representation --- industrial collaborative robots --- shared robotic tasks --- physical human–robot interaction --- human intention recognition --- time series classification --- n/a --- Bézier surface --- human-machine interaction --- physical human-robot interaction

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This book is dedicated to urbanization, which is observed every day, as well as the methods and techniques of monitoring and analyzing this phenomenon. In the 21st century, urbanization has gained momentum, and the awareness of the significance and influence of this phenomenon on our lives make us take a closer look at it not only with curiosity, but also great attention. There are numerous reasons for this, among which the economy is of special significance, but it also has many results, namely, economic, social, and environmental. First of all, it is a spatial phenomenon, as all of the aspects can be placed in space. We would therefore like to draw special attention to the results of urbanization seen on the Earth's surface and in the surrounding space. The urbanization–land relation seems obvious, but is also interesting and multi-layered. The development of science and technology provides a lot of new tools for observing urbanization, as well as the analyses and inference of the phenomenon in space. This book is devoted to in-depth analysis of past, present and future urbanization processes all over the world. We present the latest trends of research that use experience in the widely understood geography of the area. This book is focused on multidisciplinary phenomenon, i.e., urbanization, with the use of the satellite and photogrammetric observation technologies and GIS analyses.

Research & information: general --- footbridge --- urbanization --- functions of pedestrian bridges --- Trabzon --- urban expansion --- concentric-ring analysis --- grid-based analysis --- invers S curve --- Latin America --- transport accessibility --- real estate market --- population --- concentration --- urban sprawl --- land use --- urbanisation --- leapfrog development --- scattered development --- sustainable spatial-traffic planning --- microsimulation traffic modeling --- AHP --- multi-criteria analysis --- sensitivity analysis --- stakeholders' preferences --- public participation --- Landsat --- CA-Markov model --- SDG 11 --- urban sustainable development --- metropolitan expansion --- per-capita urban area --- per-capita cropland --- land mismatch --- Italy --- Slow City --- small towns --- spatial structure --- sustainable development --- old market square --- historical urban layout --- dynamics of urbanisation --- methods for mapping --- innovation value chain --- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) --- innovation efficiency --- urban agglomerations --- land management --- land-use conflicts --- components of space --- spatial analysis --- GIS tools --- Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group --- green innovation --- network structure --- unexpected output SBM model --- megaregion --- spatiotemporal patterns --- driving forces --- the Texas Triangle --- land-use change --- metropolitan gradient --- spatial econometrics --- agricultural mechanization --- Mediterranean --- footbridge --- urbanization --- functions of pedestrian bridges --- Trabzon --- urban expansion --- concentric-ring analysis --- grid-based analysis --- invers S curve --- Latin America --- transport accessibility --- real estate market --- population --- concentration --- urban sprawl --- land use --- urbanisation --- leapfrog development --- scattered development --- sustainable spatial-traffic planning --- microsimulation traffic modeling --- AHP --- multi-criteria analysis --- sensitivity analysis --- stakeholders' preferences --- public participation --- Landsat --- CA-Markov model --- SDG 11 --- urban sustainable development --- metropolitan expansion --- per-capita urban area --- per-capita cropland --- land mismatch --- Italy --- Slow City --- small towns --- spatial structure --- sustainable development --- old market square --- historical urban layout --- dynamics of urbanisation --- methods for mapping --- innovation value chain --- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) --- innovation efficiency --- urban agglomerations --- land management --- land-use conflicts --- components of space --- spatial analysis --- GIS tools --- Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group --- green innovation --- network structure --- unexpected output SBM model --- megaregion --- spatiotemporal patterns --- driving forces --- the Texas Triangle --- land-use change --- metropolitan gradient --- spatial econometrics --- agricultural mechanization --- Mediterranean

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• Reference Manager
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This book is dedicated to urbanization, which is observed every day, as well as the methods and techniques of monitoring and analyzing this phenomenon. In the 21st century, urbanization has gained momentum, and the awareness of the significance and influence of this phenomenon on our lives make us take a closer look at it not only with curiosity, but also great attention. There are numerous reasons for this, among which the economy is of special significance, but it also has many results, namely, economic, social, and environmental. First of all, it is a spatial phenomenon, as all of the aspects can be placed in space. We would therefore like to draw special attention to the results of urbanization seen on the Earth's surface and in the surrounding space. The urbanization–land relation seems obvious, but is also interesting and multi-layered. The development of science and technology provides a lot of new tools for observing urbanization, as well as the analyses and inference of the phenomenon in space. This book is devoted to in-depth analysis of past, present and future urbanization processes all over the world. We present the latest trends of research that use experience in the widely understood geography of the area. This book is focused on multidisciplinary phenomenon, i.e., urbanization, with the use of the satellite and photogrammetric observation technologies and GIS analyses.

footbridge --- urbanization --- functions of pedestrian bridges --- Trabzon --- urban expansion --- concentric-ring analysis --- grid-based analysis --- invers S curve --- Latin America --- transport accessibility --- real estate market --- population --- concentration --- urban sprawl --- land use --- urbanisation --- leapfrog development --- scattered development --- sustainable spatial–traffic planning --- microsimulation traffic modeling --- AHP --- multi-criteria analysis --- sensitivity analysis --- stakeholders’ preferences --- public participation --- Landsat --- CA–Markov model --- SDG 11 --- urban sustainable development --- metropolitan expansion --- per-capita urban area --- per-capita cropland --- land mismatch --- Italy --- Slow City --- small towns --- spatial structure --- sustainable development --- old market square --- historical urban layout --- dynamics of urbanisation --- methods for mapping --- innovation value chain --- Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) --- innovation efficiency --- urban agglomerations --- land management --- land-use conflicts --- components of space --- spatial analysis --- GIS tools --- Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group --- green innovation --- network structure --- unexpected output SBM model --- megaregion --- spatiotemporal patterns --- driving forces --- the Texas Triangle --- land-use change --- metropolitan gradient --- spatial econometrics --- agricultural mechanization --- Mediterranean --- n/a --- sustainable spatial-traffic planning --- stakeholders' preferences --- CA-Markov model --- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA)