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Architecture. --- Roofs. --- Rooftop construction.
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Architecture, Domestic. --- Architecture. --- Roofs. --- Rooftop construction.
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City planning --- Housing --- Housing policy --- Dwellings --- Rooftop construction --- Urbanisme --- Logement --- Logement --- Habitations --- Construction sur les toits --- Social aspects --- Social aspects --- Politique gouvernementale --- Aspect social --- Aspect social
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"Affordable building lots in central locations in the large cities and metropolises are rare. When there are no available gaps in the urban structure, attic conversions and extensions are an interesting and favoured form of redensification. This volume explores approximately 60 attic projects, as extensions, conversions, or new construction, which utilise the previously used storage space for new use. Existing buildings are expanded upwards and adapted to the contemporary desires and demands of their use. Some constitute a homogenous extension of the existing facade and augment the view in a barely noticeable way. Others use the design freedom above the eave height in order to create a 21st century architecture which contrasts with the historical building substance."--Publisher description.
Rooftop architecture. --- Rooftop construction. --- Lofts --- Penthouses --- 728.22 --- Appartementen ; flats ; dakappartementen --- Penthouses ; 21ste eeuw ; 2000-2012 --- Dwellings --- Rooftop construction --- Attics --- Buildings --- Rooftop buildings --- Rooftop structures --- Penthousing (Building) --- Stacking (Building) --- Building --- Rooftop design --- Architecture --- Woningbouw ; flatgebouwen, appartementen, hoogbouw, wolkenkrabbers --- Additions --- Design and construction --- Rooftop architecture --- Attiques (architecture) --- Toits-terrasses
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Sponsored by the Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE This report describes an investigation into nearly 500 roof collapses and snow-related roof problems that occurred in the northeastern United States during the winter of 2010.2011. The key issue is whether the collapses and poor roof performance were the result of snow loads exceeding what was prescribed in building codes or of structural capacity that was significantly less than required by the building codes. Weather data from Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, and Rhode Island is examined, along with case studies of snow-related roof problems derived from databases of three states and five engineering firms. The ground snow loads set out in ASCE 7, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, are summarized and assessed in comparison with actual ground snow loads. The nominally uniform roof snow loads recommended in ASCE 7 are evaluated in case studies and compared for heated and unheated structures. Drift loads from ASCE 7 are also described and evaluated for leeward roof step drifts, gable roof drifts, and snow flux. Appendixes present weather data tables, case study databases, and drift load calculation tables. The analysis and findings in this report are important to structural engineers, architects, building code officials, owners, and construction professionals working in areas subject to significant snowfall.
Building failures --- Rooftop construction --- Snow loads --- Roofs --- Load factors --- Standards and codes --- Snow --- Building codes --- Case studies --- Roof failures --- United States --- Connecticut --- Massachusetts --- New York --- Rhode Island --- Snow loads --- Roofs --- Load factors --- Standards and codes --- Snow --- Building codes --- Case studies --- Roof failures --- United States --- Connecticut --- Massachusetts --- New York --- Rhode Island
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