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This paper examines the move towards risk-based supervision of pension institutions in Denmark. Although Denmark has not adopted a comprehensive model to assess risk it has developed a number of building blocks which it uses for risk-based assessment. The motivations for improving risk assessment include a desire to identify emerging problems, and concerns about the solvency of pension institutions. In Denmark there is extensive use of guaranteed minimum returns in both the accumulation and payout phases which create substantial obligations on pension institutions, and focus attention on the integrity and solvency of the institutions which provide them. In conjunction with freeing up investment restrictions and moving towards market valuation of assets, the supervisor has introduced a 'traffic light' stress test model which calculates the effect of several market scenarios - the red test which is the more plausible and the yellow test which is possible but less likely. In addition to the use of the traffic light system, there has been a growing emphasis on the adequacy of internal risk control systems and greater reliance on market discipline. Pension institutions have sought to reduce their exposure to market volatility by better matching of assets and liabilities. There is a much better understanding of the risks inherent in the pension institutions' portfolios, and there has been a substantial increase in the use of hedging instruments.

Banks and Banking Reform --- Debt Markets --- Emerging Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Systems --- Insurance and Risk Mitigation --- Investment restrictions --- Market discipline --- Pension --- Pension funds --- Portfolios --- Private Sector Development --- Returns --- Risk control --- Solvency --- Valuation

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The integration of micro-prudential oversight with the macro-approach to financial stability - long in the making - raises several issues of coordination of regulatory responsibilities. This paper argues that a decomposition of the covariance of asset returns into an endogenous volatility component - which can be reduced - and an exogenous volatility component - which we have to live with - helps address these coordination issues and provides the basis for financial health diagnostics and supervisory responses to observed symptoms of financial instability. By linking risk origination and risk control, the paper may also contribute to the search for an operational definition of the term "macro-prudential."

Asset Returns --- Debt Markets --- Emerging Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial factors --- Financial health --- Financial instability --- Financial stability --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomic policy --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Markets and Market Access --- Mutual Funds --- Oversight process --- Private Sector Development --- Risk control --- Risk factors --- Social Protections and Labor --- Volatilities

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This book presents a treatise on the topic of business and industrial security and loss control as it applies to the protection of assets and personnel. The material in this thoroughly revised and updated second edition will enable law enforcement officers, security/loss control personnel and business managers to view security/loss control needs from a broad perspective and thus devise security measures that will reflect a well-thought-out systems approach. The book contains a wide range of information, and is presented in terms that will be meaningful to readers that do not have formal traini

Industries --Security measures. --- Loss control. --- Small business --Security measures. --- Industries --- Small business --- Loss control --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Sciences --- Criminology, Penology & Juvenile Delinquency --- Industrial security measures --- Control, Loss --- Control, Risk --- Risk control --- Industrial safety --- Risk management --- Businesses, Small --- Medium-sized business --- Micro-businesses --- Microbusinesses --- Microenterprises --- Small and medium-sized business --- Small and medium-sized enterprises --- Small businesses --- SMEs (Small business) --- Business --- Business enterprises --- Security measures --- Size

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This book comprises refereed papers from the 10th World Congress on Engineering Asset Management (WCEAM 2015), held in Tampere, Finland in September 2015. These proceedings include a compilation of state-of-the-art papers covering a comprehensive range of subjects equally relevant to business managers and engineering professionals alike. With a focus on various aspects of engineering asset management ranging from strategic level issues to detail-level machine health issues, these papers address both industry and public sector concerns and issues, as well as advanced academic research. Proceedings of the WCEAM 2015 is an excellent reference and resource for asset management practitioners, researchers and academics, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students at tertiary institutions or in the industry.

Civil Engineering --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Reliability (Engineering) --- Maintainability (Engineering) --- Loss control --- Risk management --- Assets (Accounting) --- Control, Loss --- Control, Risk --- Risk control --- Asset requirements --- Industrial safety --- Engineering economy. --- Management. --- Manufactures. --- Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing. --- Innovation/Technology Management. --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools, Processes. --- Manufactured goods --- Manufactured products --- Products --- Products, Manufactured --- Commercial products --- Manufacturing industries --- Administration --- Industrial relations --- Organization --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Industrial engineering --- Engineering economics. --- Industrial management. --- Business administration --- Business enterprises --- Business management --- Corporate management --- Corporations --- Industrial administration --- Management, Industrial --- Rationalization of industry --- Scientific management --- Management --- Business --- Industrial organization

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This book derives from the Special Issue of the Manufacturing Engineering Society 2019 (SIMES-2019) that has been launched as a joint issue of the journals Materials and Applied Sciences. The 29 contributions published in this Special Issue of Materials present cutting-edge advances in the field of manufacturing engineering focusing on additive manufacturing and 3D printing; advances and innovations in manufacturing processes; sustainable and green manufacturing; manufacturing of new materials; metrology and quality in manufacturing; industry 4.0; design, modeling, and simulation in manufacturing engineering; and manufacturing engineering and society. Among them, the topic "Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing" has attracted a large number of contributions in this journal due to its widespread popularity and potential.

History of engineering & technology --- Bayesian inference --- control chart --- dynamic methodology --- hidden Markov chain --- occupational accident --- risk assessment --- risk control --- risk management --- Fused Deposition Modeling --- roughness --- Polylactic Acid --- print orientation angle --- build angle --- titanium alloys --- sustainable lubrication --- cryogenic lubrication --- MQL --- OD grinding --- CBN --- dressing --- rotary dresser --- wear --- CVD diamond --- additive manufacturing --- 3D printing --- fused filament fabrication --- flexural properties --- fatigue --- PLA --- cements --- ballast waste --- cornubianite --- mechanical properties --- Spain --- joining --- forming --- sheet–tube connections --- experimentation --- modelling and simulation --- quality enhancement --- process parameters --- design optimization --- calibration artifact --- kinematic support --- dimensional metrology --- machine tool --- length measurement --- rapid prototyping --- efficiency --- printing time --- experimental model --- prepeg --- carbon fiber --- Raman spectroscopy --- AWJM --- waterjet --- CFRP --- kerf taper --- surface quality --- metal forming --- bi-metallic --- cylinders --- compression --- finite elements --- microscopy --- cold expansion --- mandrel --- cold-forming --- swaging --- shipbuilding --- LARG paradigm --- supply chain --- coordinate metrology --- confocal microscopy --- measurement --- calibration --- traceability --- uncertainty --- quality assessment --- digital image correlation --- indentation process --- incremental forming --- finite element method --- material flow --- AWJM (Abrasive waterjet machining) --- CFRTP (Carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics) --- RSM (response surface methodology) --- ANOVA (Analysis of variance) --- C/TPU (carbon/polyurethane) --- image processing --- position control --- accuracy --- micromachines --- position compensation --- inverse conical perspective --- micromanufacturing --- manufacturing systems --- mechatronics --- FDM --- bimodulus materials --- standards --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- ABS --- anisotropy --- infill density --- layer orientation --- ASTM D638–14:2014 --- ISO 527–2:2012 --- grounding electrodes in two-layered soils --- step and touch potentials --- step potentials upper bound --- orthoses --- prostheses --- fused deposition modeling --- laminated object manufacturing --- selective laser sintering --- laser tracker --- Monte Carlo method --- verification --- green manufacturing --- sustainability metrics --- cleaner product life cycle --- material removal processes --- hybrid components --- light alloys --- magnesium --- aluminum --- drilling --- dry machining --- cold compressed air --- lubrication and cooling systems --- arithmetical mean roughness --- Ra --- average maximum height --- Rz --- repair and maintenance operations --- fused deposition modelling --- composites --- polymer injection moulding --- polyamide --- metal matrix composite --- Al-SiC --- microstructure --- machining --- cooling compressed air --- thrust force --- energy --- material removed rate --- PEEK-GF30 --- multi-response optimization --- sustainable manufacturing --- metrology --- industry 4.0 --- modeling and simulation --- quality in manufacturing --- technological and industrial heritage --- Bayesian inference --- control chart --- dynamic methodology --- hidden Markov chain --- occupational accident --- risk assessment --- risk control --- risk management --- Fused Deposition Modeling --- roughness --- Polylactic Acid --- print orientation angle --- build angle --- titanium alloys --- sustainable lubrication --- cryogenic lubrication --- MQL --- OD grinding --- CBN --- dressing --- rotary dresser --- wear --- CVD diamond --- additive manufacturing --- 3D printing --- fused filament fabrication --- flexural properties --- fatigue --- PLA --- cements --- ballast waste --- cornubianite --- mechanical properties --- Spain --- joining --- forming --- sheet–tube connections --- experimentation --- modelling and simulation --- quality enhancement --- process parameters --- design optimization --- calibration artifact --- kinematic support --- dimensional metrology --- machine tool --- length measurement --- rapid prototyping --- efficiency --- printing time --- experimental model --- prepeg --- carbon fiber --- Raman spectroscopy --- AWJM --- waterjet --- CFRP --- kerf taper --- surface quality --- metal forming --- bi-metallic --- cylinders --- compression --- finite elements --- microscopy --- cold expansion --- mandrel --- cold-forming --- swaging --- shipbuilding --- LARG paradigm --- supply chain --- coordinate metrology --- confocal microscopy --- measurement --- calibration --- traceability --- uncertainty --- quality assessment --- digital image correlation --- indentation process --- incremental forming --- finite element method --- material flow --- AWJM (Abrasive waterjet machining) --- CFRTP (Carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics) --- RSM (response surface methodology) --- ANOVA (Analysis of variance) --- C/TPU (carbon/polyurethane) --- image processing --- position control --- accuracy --- micromachines --- position compensation --- inverse conical perspective --- micromanufacturing --- manufacturing systems --- mechatronics --- FDM --- bimodulus materials --- standards --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- ABS --- anisotropy --- infill density --- layer orientation --- ASTM D638–14:2014 --- ISO 527–2:2012 --- grounding electrodes in two-layered soils --- step and touch potentials --- step potentials upper bound --- orthoses --- prostheses --- fused deposition modeling --- laminated object manufacturing --- selective laser sintering --- laser tracker --- Monte Carlo method --- verification --- green manufacturing --- sustainability metrics --- cleaner product life cycle --- material removal processes --- hybrid components --- light alloys --- magnesium --- aluminum --- drilling --- dry machining --- cold compressed air --- lubrication and cooling systems --- arithmetical mean roughness --- Ra --- average maximum height --- Rz --- repair and maintenance operations --- fused deposition modelling --- composites --- polymer injection moulding --- polyamide --- metal matrix composite --- Al-SiC --- microstructure --- machining --- cooling compressed air --- thrust force --- energy --- material removed rate --- PEEK-GF30 --- multi-response optimization --- sustainable manufacturing --- metrology --- industry 4.0 --- modeling and simulation --- quality in manufacturing --- technological and industrial heritage