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Seawater desalination is increasingly being used as a means to augment freshwater supplies in regions with high water stress, and reverse osmosis is increasingly the technology of choice because of the low energy consumption. However, seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) systems suffer from various types of fouling, which can increase energy consumption and the use of chemicals during SWRO operation. In practice, pre-treatment systems are put in place to reduce the particulate and biological fouling potential of SWRO feed water. However, simple, reliable and accurate methods to assess the extent to which biological fouling potential is reduced during pre-treatment are not available for seawater.

Saline water conversion --- Reverse osmosis process.

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Pretreatment for Reverse Osmosis Desalination is a comprehensive reference on all existing and emerging seawater pretreatment technologies used for desalination. The book focuses on reverse osmosis membrane desalination, which at present is the most widely applied technology for the production of fresh drinking water from highly saline water sources (brackish water and seawater). Each chapter contains examples illustrating various pretreatment technologies and their practical implementation.

Saline water conversion --- Membranes (Technology) --- Nanofiltration. --- Reverse osmosis process.

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Factory and trade waste --- Sewage --- Déchets industriels --- Purification --- Reverse osmosis process --- -Factory and trade waste --- -Reverse osmosis process --- -Purification --- Afvalwaterzuivering --- Membraantechnologie --- Afvalwaterzuivering. --- Membraantechnologie. --- Déchets industriels --- Sewage - - Reverse osmosis process - Purification --- -Factory and trade waste - - Purification --- -Afvalwaterzuivering.

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Saline water conversion --- Membranes (Technology) --- Nanofiltration. --- Reverse osmosis process. --- Membrane separation --- Artificial membranes --- Separation (Technology) --- Technology --- Reverse osmosis process (Saline water conversion) --- Reverse osmosis

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Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Water --- Membranes (Technology) --- Purification --- Reverse osmosis process. --- 532.71 --- -#WSCH:AAS1 --- Hydrology --- Artificial membranes --- Separation (Technology) --- Technology --- Osmosis. Semi-permeability. Osmotic pressure --- -Reverse osmosis process --- Membranes (Technology). --- 532.71 Osmosis. Semi-permeability. Osmotic pressure --- #WSCH:AAS1 --- Purification&delete& --- Reverse osmosis process --- Water - Purification - Reverse osmosis process.