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Respiration --- Central nervous systems --- Regulation --- physiology --- Respiration. --- -Animal respiration --- Animals --- Breathing --- Ventilation (Physiology) --- Physiology --- Vital signs --- Aerobic exercises --- Breathing exercises --- Lung --- Regulation. --- Physiology. --- -Regulation --- Regulation of respiration --- Biological control systems --- Carotid body --- Respiration - Regulation --- Central nervous systems - physiology

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Our societies obviously rest on common beliefs. These "myths" are tools that help us to develop and build common identities; they form the structure around which societies function. This does not imply that these beliefs are “true,” in the sense that they would be supported by empirical facts. In social matters, myths have undoubtedly important functions to play even if no empirical facts support them. On the other hand, and precisely because they are not discussed, myths may be problematic: they may create illusions, conserve structures that are inefficient and unable to improve the situation of citizens. This is particularly true with constitutions. Constitutions are very important for societies: a constitution is a document — even in societies based on “unwritten” constitutions — which binds citizens together, creating unity among them, and which forms the framework within which our activities take place. As Nobel Prize laureate James Buchanan used to say, "Constitutions contain the rules of the social game we play in our everyday life." However, constitutions are not frequently debated by citizens. This is why we end up with common beliefs about these constitutions: they are above our heads, around us. We take them, their role, function, and nature as given. The purpose of this volume to investigate and challenge common constitutional myths. Featuring contributions from prominent economists, political scientists, and legal scholars, the chapters in this volume address such myths as “constitutions are binding social contracts,” “constitutions are economic documents” and “constitutions are legal documents.” Illustrating their analyses with historical and contemporary examples from the United States, Canada, and Europe, the authors build a multi-layered approach to understanding constitutions and their implications for social and political influence.

Respiration -- Regulation -- Congresses. --- Respiration -- Regulation -- Mathematical models -- Congresses. --- Respiration -- Regulation -- Mathematical models. --- Constitutional law --- Political psychology --- Political participation --- Law, Politics & Government --- Political Science --- Law, General & Comparative --- Political Science - General --- Constitutional law. --- Political psychology. --- Mass political behavior --- Political behavior --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Psychology, Political --- Constitutional limitations --- Constitutionalism --- Constitutions --- Limitations, Constitutional --- Psychological aspects --- Interpretation and construction --- Political science. --- Political philosophy. --- Economic policy. --- Political Science and International Relations. --- Political Science. --- Political Philosophy. --- Economic Policy. --- Constitutional Law. --- Public law --- Administrative law --- Psychology --- Social psychology --- Philosophy. --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Political philosophy

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This book provides a clearly structured introduction to hydrogen biology and medicine. Hydrogen is the one of the most abundant elements in the universe and has the simplest structure. In 2007, Japanese researchers found that the selective oxidation of hydrogen has a therapeutic effect on various diseases and injuries, sparking widespread interest in the biomedical field. In recent years, hundreds of peer-reviewed papers have been published internationally reporting the positive effects of hydrogen on many human diseases, including strokes, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and sepsis. The authors provide readers with a comprehensive overview of this subject, from its physical and chemical properties to its biological effects, as well as the problems and obstacles that exist.

Biomedicine. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Human Physiology. --- Medicine. --- Human physiology. --- Biochemistry. --- Médecine --- Physiologie humaine --- Biochimie --- Hydrogen -- Physiological effect. --- Hydrogen -- Therapeutic use. --- Respiration -- Regulation. --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biophysics --- Hydrogen --- Physiological effect. --- Therapeutic use. --- Molecular biology. --- Nonmetals --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Physiology --- Human body --- Composition --- Health Workforce --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology

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This authoritative, research-based book, written by a team of clinical experts, offers an introduction to the symptoms and causes of disordered breathing as well as the strategies and protocols that can be used to correct and restore normal breathing. Multidisciplinary Approaches to Breathing Pattern Disorders guides readers through a discussion of the current research that links disordered breathing patterns with perceived pain levels, fatigue, stress and anxiety. Basic mechanics, physiology, and biochemistry of normal breathing are outlined to lay a foundation for understanding causes and me

Breathing exercises -- Therapeutic use. --- Breathing exercises. --- Respiration -- Regulation. --- Respiration. --- Respiratory Therapy -- Outlines. --- Respiration --- Exercise Movement Techniques --- Mind-Body Therapies --- Respiratory Tract Diseases --- Diseases --- Respiratory Physiological Processes --- Physical Therapy Modalities --- Complementary Therapies --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Therapeutics --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Respiratory Mechanics --- Breathing Exercises --- Respiration Disorders --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physiology --- Physical Therapy --- Breathing exercises --- Respiratory organs --- Therapeutic use. --- Diagnosis. --- Treatment. --- Breathing Exercises. --- Exercices respiratoires --- Appareil respiratoire --- Regulation. --- Régulation --- Emploi en thérapeutique --- Maladies --- Diagnostic --- Traitement --- Air passages (Anatomy) --- Respiratory system --- Cardiopulmonary system --- Therapeutic use

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The focus of this book is the evolution of cardiovascular and respiratory control in vertebrates. Life originated in water, which has constantly changing temperatures and O2 levels. Fish gills can extract up to 80% of their inspired O2, because they have a countercurrent bloodstream. Oxygen sensors have been found within the gill arches of ray-finned fish such as carp and trout, and these O2 sensors screen the inspired water and the capillary blood. Very likely, land vertebrates and the lungfish arose as a sister group, and both possess real lungs. Lungfish include 6 species, inhabiting shallow lakes or rivers, whereas the second ramification includes all the land vertebrates. A possible ancestor to the lungfish and land vertebrates has been discovered in China, and this fossil (Styloichthys) bridges a gap. Living 417 million years ago, it could represent one of the last ramifications before the common ancestor to the lungfish and land vertebrates. In addition, rather constant atmospheric O2 levels permit a joint acid-base regulation by the lung and the kidney. Likewise, lungfish and land vertebrates share a central control of pulmonary ventilation, while the peripheral receptor contribution to acid-base regulation is minor.

Respiration -- Regulation. --- Vertebrates -- Cardiovascular system. --- Vertebrates -- Evolution. --- Vertebrates -- Respiratory organs. --- Respiration --- Vertebrates --- Respiratory organs --- Cardiovascular system --- Lungfishes --- Biological Processes --- Physiology --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Classification --- Genetic Processes --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Genetic Phenomena --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena --- Chordata --- Animals --- Biological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Information Science --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Eukaryota --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Organisms --- Cardiovascular Physiological Processes --- Metabolism --- Physiology, Comparative --- Biological Evolution --- Phylogeny --- Respiratory Physiological Processes --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Regulation --- Evolution --- Anatomy, Comparative. --- Anatomy. --- Evolution. --- Physiology. --- Comparative anatomy --- Comparative morphology --- Zootomy --- Life sciences. --- Human physiology. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Animal anatomy. --- Animal physiology. --- Life Sciences. --- Animal Physiology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Human Physiology. --- Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Morphology (Animals). --- Animal morphology --- Body form in animals --- Morphology --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Human body --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Animal physiology --- Anatomy --- Animal anatomy