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Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee (U.S.) --- United States. --- Arctic regions --- Arctic Regions. --- Research

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Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee (U.S.) --- United States. --- Arctic regions --- United States --- Arctic Regions. --- Research

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Pour concrétiser pleinement leur potentiel, les PME et les entrepreneurs doivent avoir accès à un éventail suffisamment large de sources de financement abordables financièrement. La 8e édition du rapport consacré au Tableau de bord de l'OCDE sur le financement des PME et des entrepreneurs livre des données sur le financement par l'emprunt, les instruments de financement alternatifs, et les conditions financières dans 46 pays, ainsi que des renseignements sur les initiatives publiques mises en œuvre pour améliorer l'accès au financement.

Artificial intelligence. --- Digital technologies. --- Information technology --- Research --- Research policy. --- Scientific literature --- Government policy. --- Scientific applications. --- Technological innovations. --- Electronic publishing.

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This Open Access book builds upon Science and Technology Studies (STS) and provides a detailed examination of how large-scale energy research projects have been conceived, and with what consequences for those involved in interdisciplinary research, which has been advocated as the zenith of research practice for many years, quite often in direct response to questions that cannot be answered (or even preliminarily investigated) by disciplines working separately. It produces fresh insights into the lived experiences and actual contents of interdisciplinarity, rather than simply commentating on how it is being explicitly advocated. We present empirical studies on large-scale energy research projects from the United Kingdom, Norway, and Finland. The book presents a new framework, the Sociology of Interdisciplinarity, which unpacks interdisciplinary research in practice. This book will be of interest to all those interested in well-functioning interdisciplinary research systems and the dynamics of doing interdisciplinarity, including real ground-level experiences and institutional interdependencies.

Sociology --- Energy technology & engineering --- The environment --- Central government policies --- Interdisciplinarity --- energy research --- STS --- Research policy --- energy social research --- Open Access

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Policy makers bemoan the lack of research findings to guide urgent decisions, whereas researchers' professional code puts rigor first. This article argues that provisional assessments, produced early in the research cycle, can bridge the gap. Numerous case studies point to the importance of early interaction with policy makers and the delivery of brief, policy-focused papers; but preliminary analyses may be flawed and so increase the chances of a wrong decision. This article emonstrates analytically that a preliminary assessment, supported by the offer of more refined research, provides an option that is superior, on average, to the current practice of submitting a final report at the end of the research cycle. Where practical implementation is concerned, it calls for donor-funded subsidies to promote the use of provisional assessments and for a rapid, independent, professional review process to ensure their quality. While the research-policy exchange in developing countries is a complex, context-specific phenomenon, the proposal offered here holds out some promise of improving decisions in the public sphere under a wide range of circumstances.

Decision-Making Under Uncertainty. --- Developing Countries. --- Education. --- Health, Nutrition and Population. --- Policy Research. --- Population Policies. --- Research-Policy Dialogue. --- Rigor-Timeliness Trade-Off. --- Science and Technology Development. --- Science Education. --- Scientific Research and Science Parks. --- Tertiary Education.