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Breeding of gun dogs in Norway is partially based on field hunting tests. Dogs are tested individually and performances of seven traits are judged by scores from 1 to 6. The traits are hunting eagerness, speed, style, independence, seeking width, ability to work in the field and cooperation. In addition, number of birds found in the test is recorded. Based on between 1893 and 2602 registrations, genetic parameters for three breeds, German Short-Haired Pointer (Short-Haired), German Wire-Haired Pointer (Wire-Haired) and Brittany Spaniel (Breton) are estimated using an animal model and REML-analysis. The estimated heritabilities for the scored hunting performance traits varied from h(2) = 0.06 to 0.28. The repeatabilities varied from R = 0.11 to 0.48. The genetic correlations between some of the performance traits were estimated to be higher than the phenotypic correlations and were close to 1.0. It is concluded that the test is suitable as a source of information for selecting breeding dogs. However, no satisfactory expression for the important factor bird-finding ability has been found. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Ability. --- Animal model. --- Animal-model. --- Animal. --- Bird. --- Breed. --- Breeding. --- Dog. --- Dogs. --- Expression. --- Field. --- Genetic correlations. --- Genetic. --- Heritability,repeatability,genetic correlations,german short-haired pointer,german wire-haired pointer,breton dog,gun hunting dog. --- Heritability. --- Hunting. --- Model. --- Parameters. --- Performance. --- Repeatability. --- Seeking. --- Test. --- Tests. --- Work.

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Since the introduction of personalized medicine, the primary focus of imaging has moved from detection and diagnosis to tissue characterization, the determination of prognosis, prediction of treatment efficacy, and measurement of treatment response. Precision (personalized) imaging heavily relies on the use of hybrid technologies and quantitative imaging biomarkers. The growing number of promising theragnostics require accurate quantification for pre- and post-treatment dosimetry. Furthermore, quantification is required in the pharmacokinetic analysis of new tracers and drugs and in the assessment of drug resistance. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is, by nature, a quantitative imaging tool, relating the time–activity concentration in tissues and the basic functional parameters governing the biological processes being studied. Recent innovations in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) reconstruction techniques have allowed for SPECT to move from relative/semi-quantitative measures to absolute quantification. The strength of PET and SPECT is that they permit whole-body molecular imaging in a noninvasive way, evaluating multiple disease sites. Furthermore, serial scanning can be performed, allowing for the measurement of functional changes over time during therapeutic interventions. This Special Issue highlights the hot topics on quantitative PET and SPECT.

Medicine --- Clinical & internal medicine --- PET --- SPECT --- PET/CT --- SPECT/CT --- Absolute quantification --- Quantitative accuracy --- Dynamic PET --- Phantoms --- Repeatability --- Tumor delineation --- Prognosis --- Dosimetry --- Radiomics --- Artificial intelligence --- Deep learning --- Imaging biomarkers --- Tumor segmentation --- Harmonization

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The foundations of sports cardiology include promoting physical activity and providing a safe environment for training and competition for all athletes at all levels, from professional to recreational. To combine these two aims, reliable tools to perform preparticipation screenings are needed. Moreover, those at high risk of potentially life-threatening events should be advised to limit their training load, while others should be reassured that there is no exercise-related cardiovascular risk. We are currently witnessing the advent of new portable devices for remote and mobile heart monitoring and several new and promising biochemical markers, which can support athletes’ diagnostic processes. In this Special Issue of the Diagnostics journal entitled “Diagnostic Challenges in Sports Cardiology”, we present a series of 13 manuscripts, including eight original works, three reviews, and two case reports, which give a glimpse into the current research topics in the area of sports cardiology.

professional ultramarathon runner --- echocardiography --- electrocardiogram --- magnetic resonance imaging --- Cardiac 31P-MR spectroscopy --- blood tests --- running --- exercise --- marathon --- troponin --- risk factor --- AVNRT --- endurance training --- HRM --- triathlon --- exertion cardiac arrhythmia --- Holter ECG --- sudden cardiac arrest --- CPVT --- catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia --- genetic testing --- cardiovascular capacity --- performance --- cross-country skiing amateur --- heart --- vegan --- athletes’ hearts --- runners --- diet --- biomarkers --- amateur --- sports cardiology --- microRNA --- endurance sport --- adaptive changes --- cardiac hypertrophy --- cardiac fibrosis --- asymptomatic preexcitation --- athlete --- WPW --- heart rate --- respiratory rate --- heart rate variability --- reliability --- repeatability --- modern penthatlon --- athletes --- heart rate monitor --- ECG --- portable/wearable monitoring system --- endurance running --- cycling --- long-term assessment --- arrhythmia --- exertion rhythm disorders --- QARDIO MD system --- modern pentathlon --- physiological state --- autonomic nervous system --- caffeine --- anabolic androgenic steroids --- heart disease --- cardiac magnetic resonance imaging --- n/a --- athletes' hearts

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From the Nobel Prize–winning physicist, a personal meditation on the quest for objective reality in natural scienceA century ago, thoughtful people questioned how reality could agree with physical theories that keep changing, from a mechanical model of the ether to electric and magnetic fields, and from homogeneous matter to electrons and atoms. Today, concepts like dark matter and dark energy further complicate and enrich the search for objective reality. The Whole Truth is a personal reflection on this ongoing quest by one of the world’s most esteemed cosmologists.What lies at the heart of physical science? What are the foundational ideas that inform and guide the enterprise? Is the concept of objective reality meaningful? If so, do our established physical theories usefully approximate it? P. J. E. Peebles takes on these and other big questions about the nature of science, drawing on a lifetime of experience as a leading physicist and using cosmology as an example. He traces the history of thought about the nature of physical science since Einstein, and succinctly lays out the fundamental working assumptions. Through a careful examination of the general theory of relativity, Einstein’s cosmological principle, and the theory of an expanding universe, Peebles shows the evidence that we are discovering the nature of reality in successive approximations through increasingly demanding scrutiny.A landmark work, The Whole Truth is essential reading for anyone interested in the practice of science.

Cosmology. --- Physics. --- Reality. --- Science --- SCIENCE / Cosmology. --- Philosophy. --- Absolute magnitude. --- Acceleration. --- Angular momentum. --- Approximation. --- Astronomer. --- Astronomy. --- Asymptotically flat spacetime. --- Atomic nucleus. --- Atomic number. --- Baryon. --- Big Bang. --- Calculation. --- Chronology of the universe. --- Classical limit. --- Classical physics. --- Comprehension (logic). --- Conservation law. --- Cosmic Evolution (book). --- Cosmological constant. --- Cosmological principle. --- Density. --- Empirical research. --- Equivalence principle. --- Existence. --- Extrapolation. --- Fred Hoyle. --- Galaxy cluster. --- Galaxy rotation curve. --- General relativity. --- George Gamow. --- Goodness of fit. --- Gravitational acceleration. --- Gravitational redshift. --- Gravity. --- Hubble's law. --- Inverse-square law. --- Jupiter. --- Kinetic energy. --- Kuiper belt. --- Length scale. --- Linear scale. --- Mach's principle. --- Mass distribution. --- Measurement. --- Metric expansion of space. --- Minkowski space. --- Modified Newtonian dynamics. --- Multiple discovery. --- NGC 2403. --- Natural science. --- Neutrino. --- Neutron. --- Newton's law of universal gravitation. --- Number density. --- Observation. --- Order of magnitude. --- Paradigm shift. --- Partial derivative. --- Particle physics in cosmology. --- Peirce (crater). --- Photon. --- Physical cosmology. --- Physical law. --- Physicist. --- Planetary nebula. --- Planetary system. --- Power law. --- Prediction. --- Predictive power. --- Present value. --- Quantum electrodynamics. --- Quantum mechanics. --- Redshift. --- Repeatability. --- Richard Feynman. --- Satellite. --- Scattering. --- Schwarzschild metric. --- Science wars. --- Scientist. --- Sirius. --- Social constructionism. --- Special relativity. --- Spiral galaxy. --- Steady State theory. --- Stellar classification. --- Supersymmetry. --- Temperature. --- Tests of general relativity. --- The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences. --- Theoretical physics. --- Theory of relativity. --- Theory. --- Thermal radiation. --- Thomas Kuhn. --- Thought. --- Verificationism. --- Wavelength. --- White dwarf. --- Zero-point energy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy --- Truth --- Nominalism --- Pluralism --- Pragmatism --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Astronomy --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- SCIENCE / Space Science / Cosmology --- SCIENCE / History

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This book, edited by Prof. Marta Rencz and Prof Andras Poppe, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, and by Prof. Lorenzo Codecasa, Politecnico di Milano, collects fourteen papers carefully selected for the “thermal and electro-thermal system simulation” Special Issue of Energies. These contributions present the latest results in a currently very “hot” topic in electronics: the thermal and electro-thermal simulation of electronic components and systems. Several papers here proposed have turned out to be extended versions of papers presented at THERMINIC 2019, which was one of the 2019 stages of choice for presenting outstanding contributions on thermal and electro-thermal simulation of electronic systems. The papers proposed to the thermal community in this book deal with modeling and simulation of state-of-the-art applications which are highly critical from the thermal point of view, and around which there is great research activity in both industry and academia. In particular, contributions are proposed on the multi-physics simulation of families of electronic packages, multi-physics advanced modeling in power electronics, multiphysics modeling and simulation of LEDs, batteries and other micro and nano-structures.

lithium-ion battery --- thermal modelling --- electro-thermal model --- heat generation --- experimental validation --- thermal transient testing --- non-destructive testing --- thermal testability --- accuracy repeatability and reproducibility of thermal measurements --- thermal testing standards --- 3D IC --- microchannels --- liquid cooling --- compact thermal model --- thermal simulation --- hotspot --- thermal-aware task scheduling --- DVFS --- statistical analysis --- electronic packages --- detailed thermal model --- Joint Electron Device Engineering Council (JEDEC) metrics --- thermal impedance --- AlGaN-GaN HEMT --- TDTR --- thermal conductivity --- thermal interface resistance --- size effect --- phonon transport mechanisms --- nonlinear thermal model --- SPICE --- pulse transformer --- thermal phenomena --- self-heating --- modelling --- measurements --- BCI-DCTM --- ROM --- modal approach --- BGA --- module temperature --- solar energy --- heat transfer mechanisms --- power LED measurement and simulation --- life testing --- reliability testing --- LM-80 --- TM-21 --- LED lifetime modelling --- LED multi-domain modelling --- Spice-like modelling of LEDs --- lifetime extrapolation and modelling of LEDs --- beyond CMOS --- VO2 --- thermal-electronic circuits --- electro-thermal simulation --- vertical structure --- power LEDs --- thermal pads --- thermal resistance --- optical efficiency --- electronics cooling --- Light-emitting diodes --- CoB LEDs --- multi-domain modeling --- finite volume method --- phosphor modeling --- magnetic nanoparticle --- microfluidics --- CFD --- OpenFOAM --- two-phase solver --- rheology --- LED --- Delphi4LED --- digital twin --- digital luminaire design --- computation time --- Industry 4.0