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Since the beginning of its history, Islam has encountered other religious communities both in Arabia and in the territories conquered during its expansion. Muslims faced other religions from the position of a ruling power and were therefore able to determine the nature of that relationship in accordance with their world-view and beliefs. Yohanan Friedmann's original and erudite study examines questions of religious tolerance as they appear in the Qur'an and in the prophetic tradition, and analyses the principle that Islam is exalted above all religions, discussing the ways in which this principle was reflected in various legal pronouncements. The book also considers the various interpretations of the Qur'anic verse according to which 'No compulsion is there in religion ...', noting that, despite the apparent meaning of this verse, Islamic law allowed the practice of religious coercion against Manichaeans and Arab idolaters, as well as against women and children in certain circumstances.
Religious tolerance --- Liberty of conscience (Islam) --- Apostasy --- Islam --- Minorities (Islamic law) --- Islamic law --- Apostasy (Islam) --- Kufr (Islam) --- Islam. --- Relations. --- Arts and Humanities --- History --- Islamic civlisation --- Arabia --- expansion of Islam --- religious tolerance --- the Qur'an --- the prophetic tradition --- religious coercion
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Though conditioned by the specific circumstances of eleventh-century Europe, the launching of the crusades presupposed a long historical evolution of the idea of Christian knighthood and holy war. Carl Erdmann developed this argument first in 1935 in a book that is still recognized as basic to an understanding of how the crusades came about. This first edition in English includes notes supplementing those of the German text, a foreword discussing subsequent scholarship, and an amplified bibliography. Paying special attention to the symbolism of banners as well as to literary evidence, the author traces the changes that moved the Western church away from its initial aversion to armed combat and toward acceptance and encouragement of the kind of holy war that the crusades would represent: a war whose specific cause was religion. Erdmann's analysis stresses the role of church reformers and Gregory VII, without neglecting the "popular" idea of crusade that would assure an astonishingly enthusiastic response to Urban II's appeal in 1095. His book provides an unrivaled account of he interaction of the church with war and warriors during the early Middle Ages. Carl Erdmann (1898-1945) taught at the University of Berlin and was associated with the Monumenta Germania historica. Marshall Baldwin was Professor Emeritus of History at New York University at his death in 1975. Walter Goffart is Professor of History at the University of Toronto. Originally published in 1978.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Admonition. --- Adviser. --- Advocacy group. --- Advocacy. --- Allegory. --- Allusion. --- Amidei. --- Amiens. --- Anselm of Lucca. --- Archdeacon. --- Ark of the Covenant. --- Battle of Graus. --- Benedict of Nursia. --- Bernold. --- Bertran de Born. --- Canon law (Catholic Church). --- Canon law. --- Carroccio. --- Christendom. --- Christian ethics. --- Christian state. --- Christianity. --- Christianization. --- Church of the Holy Sepulchre. --- Clergy. --- Colonization. --- Consecration. --- Counterattack. --- Crusades. --- Doctrine. --- Donation of Constantine. --- Donatism. --- Ecclesiology. --- Emblem. --- Epistle. --- Erlembald. --- Expansionism. --- Fief. --- First Crusade. --- Geoffrey (archbishop of York). --- Gesta Francorum. --- God. --- Hagiography. --- Haud. --- Holy city. --- Hymn. --- Indulgence. --- Infidel. --- Investiture. --- Ivo of Chartres. --- Kingdom of Jerusalem. --- Knight. --- Knights Hospitaller. --- Labarum. --- Liber. --- Literature. --- Mercenary. --- Military service. --- Missionary. --- Monte (Funchal). --- Monte Cassino. --- Moors. --- Muhammad. --- National god. --- Nobility. --- Normans. --- Paganism. --- Pamphlet. --- Papal States. --- Papal legate. --- Pataria. --- Persecution. --- Polemic. --- Pontificate. --- Pope. --- Promulgation. --- Rapprochement. --- Raymond of Aguilers. --- Religious coercion. --- Religious order. --- Religious orientation. --- Religious symbol. --- Righteousness. --- Robert Guiscard. --- S. (Dorst novel). --- Saracen. --- Sermon. --- Servant of God. --- Sigebert of Gembloux. --- Simony. --- Slavs. --- Southern Italy. --- Synod. --- Temporal power (papal). --- The Monastery. --- The Word of the Lord. --- Theodor Heuss. --- Vassal. --- Veneration. --- War.
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