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In its historical development from late antiquity to the present, western esotericism has repeatedly been the issue of polemical discourse. This volume engages the polemical structures that underlie both the identities within and the controversy about esoteric currents in European history. From Jewish and Christian kabbalah through heretical discourse and interconfessional polemics in early modernity to the legitimization of esoteric identity in modern culture, the 12 chapters, accompanied by an editors’ introduction, provide a cornucopia of relevant cases that are interpreted in a framework of polemical discourse and ‘Othering’. This volume sheds new light on the ultimately polemical structure of western esotericism and thus opens new vistas for further research into esoteric discourse.

Esoterik. --- Polemik. --- Religiöser Konflikt. --- Occultism --- History. --- Geschichte. --- Occultisme --- Histoire

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Debate over the usefulness of the confessionalization paradigm for understanding how Europeans responded to religious differences resulting from the Reformation has obscured people's experiences during the early years of reform. Based on interrogations recorded in Augsburg, Germany, in the first half of the sixteenth century, the compelling portraits of individual believers presented in this book provide a rare insight into the lives of ordinary people during one of the most controversial periods in religious history. Speaking about their faith and encounters with others in their own words, they rephrase the debate in terms of contemporary experiences. The resulting study challenges previous assumptions about the importance of belief in constructing religious identities and reveals the potential for accommodation amidst conflict.

Reformation. --- Religiöse Identität. --- Religiöser Konflikt. --- Identification (Religion) --- Reformation --- Identity (Religion) --- Religious identity --- Psychology, Religious --- Protestant Reformation --- Church history --- Counter-Reformation --- Protestantism --- History --- Augsburg. --- Augsburg (Germany) --- Augusta Vindelicorum (Germany) --- Augusta (Germany) --- Augusta Civitas (Germany) --- Augusta Retia (Germany) --- Augusta Swevie Civitas (Germany) --- Augusta Vindelica (Germany) --- Augusta Vindelicensis (Germany) --- Auhsburh (Germany) --- Augustana Civitas (Germany) --- Augustanus (Germany) --- Augustensa (Germany) --- Augustum (Germany) --- Colonia Augusta Raetorum (Germany) --- Licautiorum Damasia (Germany) --- Reciae Civitas (Germany) --- Recie Provincie Metropolis (Germany) --- Swevie Metropolis (Germany) --- Tragopolis (Germany) --- Vindelica (Germany) --- Vindelica Aelia Augusta (Germany) --- Vindelicensis Augusta (Germany) --- Pfersee (Germany) --- Christian church history --- anno 1500-1599 --- Augsburg