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Governments and development agencies spend considerable resources building property and company registries to protect property rights. When these efforts succeed, owners feel secure enough to invest in their property and banks are able use it as collateral for credit. Similarly, firms prosper when entrepreneurs can transform their firms into legal entities and thus contract more safely. Unfortunately, developing registries is harder than it may seem to observers, especially in developed countries, where registries are often taken for granted. As a result, policies in this area usually disappoint. Benito Arruñada aims to avoid such failures by deepening our understanding of both the value of registries and the organizational requirements for constructing them. Presenting a theory of how registries strengthen property rights and reduce transaction costs, he analyzes the major trade-offs and proposes principles for successfully building registries in countries at different stages of development. Arruñada focuses on land and company registries, explaining the difficulties they face, including current challenges like the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States and the dubious efforts made in developing countries toward universal land titling. Broadening the account, he extends his analytical framework to other registries, including intellectual property and organized exchanges of financial derivatives. With its nuanced presentation of the theoretical and practical implications, Institutional Foundations of Impersonal Exchange significantly expands our understanding of how public registries facilitate economic growth.

Land titles --- Right of property. --- Conveyancing. --- Contracts. --- Agreements --- Contract law --- Contracts --- Contractual limitations --- Limitations, Contractual --- Commercial law --- Legal instruments --- Obligations (Law) --- Juristic acts --- Liberty of contract --- Third parties (Law) --- Conveyancing --- Abstracts of title --- Deeds --- Forms (Law) --- Mortgages --- Ownership of property --- Private ownership of property, Right of --- Private property, Right of --- Property, Right of --- Property rights --- Right of private ownership of property --- Right of private property --- Right of property --- Right to property --- Civil rights --- Property --- Land conveyances --- Land transfer --- Real obligations --- Registration of land titles --- Registration of title --- Transfer of land titles --- Non-contentious jurisdiction --- Publicity (Law) --- Recording and registration --- Transfer (Law) --- Priorities of claims and liens --- Registration and transfer. --- Law and legislation --- Registration and transfer --- E-books --- exchange, rights, government, registries, contract, commerce, finance, land, law, investments, collateral, credit, business, entrepreneurs, subprime mortgage, deeds, titles, intellectual property, economic growth, conveyancing, registration, transfer, formalization, trade, assets, enforcement, sequential, privacy, publicity, monopoly, independence, collective action, reform, titling.

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This work is an assessment of how to manage risk in property transactions in the context of the move from paper-based to electronic conveyancing (eConveyancing). In particular the focus is on risks that impact on title registration, and the security, protection or lack thereof that this registration offers to land owners, third parties and property claimants. The impact is the extent to which a change in the transactional process may unintentionally affect risk (being the consequence of change and the likelihood of that consequence having a negative effect). The risks are identified, analysed and evaluated against the backdrop of title registration and the development of eConveyancing through a comparative analysis of the systems in Ireland and Ontario, while also referencing other developing electronic systems around the globe.

Law. --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law. --- International Economic Law, Trade Law. --- Computer Appl. in Administrative Data Processing. --- Legal Aspects of Computing. --- Information systems. --- Computers --- Droit --- Ordinateurs --- Law and legislation. --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Systèmes d'information --- Computers_xLaw and legislation. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Land titles --- Registration and transfer. --- Land conveyances --- Land transfer --- Real obligations --- Registration of land titles --- Registration of title --- Transfer of land titles --- Registration and transfer --- Application software. --- Computers. --- Private international law. --- Conflict of laws. --- International law. --- Comparative law. --- Trade. --- Non-contentious jurisdiction --- Publicity (Law) --- Recording and registration --- Transfer (Law) --- Priorities of claims and liens --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law . --- Cyberspace --- Law and legislation --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Law of nations --- Nations, Law of --- Public international law --- Law --- Choice of law --- Conflict of laws --- Intermunicipal law --- International law, Private --- International private law --- Private international law --- Legal polycentricity --- Civil law