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National Standard Reference Data System (U.S.) --- NSRDS-NBS.

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Increasing global physical activity levels is one of the most important public health goals of the 21st century. Physically active individuals present better sleep patterns, increased wellbeing and quality of life, as well as better physical function and fitness levels. In addition, physical activity might stimulate brain function and improve both cognition and mental health. The risk of many chronic diseases is also reduced in physically active individuals, and physical activity might counteract the detrimental metabolic effects of long sedentary periods. Physical fitness is not only a key marker of health in healthy individuals, but in people with chronic conditions. Compelling evidence indicates that low levels of both cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and premature mortality for a variety of causes, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Consequently, preserving fitness levels throughout life is a major clinical and public health interest. Exercise interventions represent the most efficient form of physical activity to enhance physical fitness and improve health outcomes at all ages and chronic statuses. However, exercise prescription in many populations is underdeveloped and further insights are needed for practitioners and the research community to understand how exercise should be administered, depending on the health and clinical status of different populations. This Special Issue focuses on the influence of fitness and physical activity and the effects of exercise interventions on human health- and disease-related outcomes. This includes, but is not restricted to, the following article types: Observational studies assessing the association of physical fitness (alone or in combination with other risks/protective factors) with health- and disease-related outcomes. Observational studies assessing the association of physical activity (alone or in combination with other lifestyle behaviors) with health- and disease-related outcomes. This includes studies assessing physical activity through either objective or subjective means. Experimental studies assessing the effects of exercise interventions (alone or in combination with other interventions) on health- and disease-related outcomes across the lifespan. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the above-mentioned topics are also welcome.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- cardiac rehabilitation --- cardiovascular diseases --- smoking --- weight gain --- university staff --- health-related physical fitness --- cardiovascular disease --- overweight --- obesity --- autonomic nervous system --- exercise --- inflammation --- fatigue --- rheumatic disease --- internally displaced persons --- African circle dance --- stress --- anxiety --- depressive symptoms --- dynamometer --- core muscles --- trunk strength testing --- reference data --- peak torque --- aging --- physical aptitude --- mental health --- cognition --- systematic review --- body mass index --- fitness --- executive control --- event-related potential --- autoimmune disease --- cardiovascular risk --- muscle strength --- metabolism --- lupus --- risk factors --- cancer --- QOL --- martial arts --- clinical trial --- meta-analysis --- physical fitness --- construct validity --- schoolchildren --- chronic low back pain --- exercise therapy --- high intensity training

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Increasing global physical activity levels is one of the most important public health goals of the 21st century. Physically active individuals present better sleep patterns, increased wellbeing and quality of life, as well as better physical function and fitness levels. In addition, physical activity might stimulate brain function and improve both cognition and mental health. The risk of many chronic diseases is also reduced in physically active individuals, and physical activity might counteract the detrimental metabolic effects of long sedentary periods. Physical fitness is not only a key marker of health in healthy individuals, but in people with chronic conditions. Compelling evidence indicates that low levels of both cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and premature mortality for a variety of causes, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Consequently, preserving fitness levels throughout life is a major clinical and public health interest. Exercise interventions represent the most efficient form of physical activity to enhance physical fitness and improve health outcomes at all ages and chronic statuses. However, exercise prescription in many populations is underdeveloped and further insights are needed for practitioners and the research community to understand how exercise should be administered, depending on the health and clinical status of different populations. This Special Issue focuses on the influence of fitness and physical activity and the effects of exercise interventions on human health- and disease-related outcomes. This includes, but is not restricted to, the following article types: Observational studies assessing the association of physical fitness (alone or in combination with other risks/protective factors) with health- and disease-related outcomes. Observational studies assessing the association of physical activity (alone or in combination with other lifestyle behaviors) with health- and disease-related outcomes. This includes studies assessing physical activity through either objective or subjective means. Experimental studies assessing the effects of exercise interventions (alone or in combination with other interventions) on health- and disease-related outcomes across the lifespan. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the above-mentioned topics are also welcome.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- cardiac rehabilitation --- cardiovascular diseases --- smoking --- weight gain --- university staff --- health-related physical fitness --- cardiovascular disease --- overweight --- obesity --- autonomic nervous system --- exercise --- inflammation --- fatigue --- rheumatic disease --- internally displaced persons --- African circle dance --- stress --- anxiety --- depressive symptoms --- dynamometer --- core muscles --- trunk strength testing --- reference data --- peak torque --- aging --- physical aptitude --- mental health --- cognition --- systematic review --- body mass index --- fitness --- executive control --- event-related potential --- autoimmune disease --- cardiovascular risk --- muscle strength --- metabolism --- lupus --- risk factors --- cancer --- QOL --- martial arts --- clinical trial --- meta-analysis --- physical fitness --- construct validity --- schoolchildren --- chronic low back pain --- exercise therapy --- high intensity training

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are new platforms that have been increasingly used in the last few years for forestry applications that benefit from the added value of flexibility, low cost, reliability, autonomy, and capability of timely provision of high-resolution data. The main adopted image-based technologies are RGB, multispectral, and thermal infrared. LiDAR sensors are becoming commonly used to improve the estimation of relevant plant traits. In comparison with other permanent ecosystems, forests are particularly affected by climatic changes due to the longevity of the trees, and the primary objective is the conservation and protection of forests. Nevertheless, forestry and agriculture involve the cultivation of renewable raw materials, with the difference that forestry is less tied to economic aspects and this is reflected by the delay in using new monitoring technologies. The main forestry applications are aimed toward inventory of resources, map diseases, species classification, fire monitoring, and spatial gap estimation. This Special Issue focuses on new technologies (UAV and sensors) and innovative data elaboration methodologies (object recognition and machine vision) for applications in forestry.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Forestry & related industries --- unmanned aerial vehicles --- seedling detection --- forest regeneration --- reforestation --- establishment survey --- machine learning --- multispectral classification --- UAV photogrammetry --- forest modeling --- ancient trees measurement --- tree age prediction --- Mauritia flexuosa --- semantic segmentation --- end-to-end learning --- convolutional neural network --- forest inventory --- Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) --- structure from motion (SfM) --- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) --- Photogrammetry --- Thematic Mapping --- Accuracy Assessment --- Reference Data --- Forest Sampling --- Remote Sensing --- Robinia pseudoacacia L. --- reproduction --- spreading --- short rotation coppice --- unmanned aerial system (UAS) --- object-based image analysis (OBIA) --- convolutional neural network (CNN) --- juniper woodlands --- ecohydrology --- remote sensing --- unmanned aerial systems --- central Oregon --- rangelands --- seedling stand inventorying --- photogrammetric point clouds --- hyperspectral imagery --- leaf-off --- leaf-on --- UAV --- multispectral image --- forest fire --- burn severity --- classification --- precision agriculture --- biomass evaluation --- image processing --- Castanea sativa --- unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) --- precision forestry --- forestry applications --- RGB imagery