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Postnatal maternal separation increases hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) gene expression and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and behavioral responses to stress. We report here that environmental enrichment during the peripubertal period completely reverses the effects of maternal separation on both HPA and behavioral responses to stress, with no effect on CRF mRNA expression. We conclude that environmental enrichment leads to a functional reversal of the effects of maternal separation through compensation for, rather than reversal of, the neural effects of early life adversity

Behavior. --- Behavioral-responses. --- Compensation. --- Corticotropin-releasing factor. --- Corticotropin-releasing-factor. --- Crf. --- Depression. --- Early experience,environmental enrichment,maternal separation,stress,corticotropin-releasing factor,glucocorticoid receptors. --- Early experience. --- Enrichment. --- Environmental enrichment. --- Expression. --- Gene-expression. --- Gene. --- Generations. --- Hippocampus. --- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal. --- Increase. --- Increases. --- Life. --- Maternal separation. --- Maternal. --- Pituitary-adrenal responses. --- Prenatal stress. --- Rat. --- Reactivity. --- Receptor messenger-rna. --- Response. --- Responses. --- Separation. --- Stress reactivity. --- Stress. --- Transmission.