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Linguistics --- Realization (Linguistics) --- Actualisation (Linguistics) --- Manifestation (Linguistics) --- Realisation (Linguistics) --- Representation (Linguistics) --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics)

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Representation (Philosophy) --- Congresses --- Representation (Philosophy) in literature --- Representation (Philosophy) in art --- Mimesis in literature --- Realization (Linguistics)

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This book combines theoretical and experimental aspects of the establishment of dependency. It provides an account of dependency relations by focusing on the representation and interpretation of referentially dependent elements, particularly regular reflexives, logophors, and pronouns. First, the establishment of dependency is discussed within a model of syntax-discourse correspondences that predicts an economy-based dependency hierarchy contingent on the level of representation at which the dependency is formed as well as the internal structure of the dependent element and its antecedent. Secondly, the model's predictions are substantiated by a series of experimental studies (conducted in English and Dutch) providing evidence from three sources of online sentence comprehension: reaction time studies, Broca's aphasia patient studies, and event-related brain potential studies. The findings show that dependencies are established at distinct levels of linguistic encoding (i.e. syntax or discourse) determined by the presence or absence of coargumenthood and the representation of the dependency-forming elements.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Discourse analysis. --- Realization (Linguistics) --- Dependency grammar. --- Valence (Linguistics) --- Mathematical linguistics --- Actualisation (Linguistics) --- Manifestation (Linguistics) --- Realisation (Linguistics) --- Representation (Linguistics) --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Language and languages --- Syntax --- Syntax. --- Dependency grammar --- Discourse analysis --- Grammar --- Pragmatics --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax

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The use of numerals in counting differs quite dramatically across languages. Some languages grammaticalise a contrast between count nouns (three cats; three books) vs 'non-count' or mass nouns (milk, mud), marking this distinction in different ways. Others use a system of numeral classifiers, while yet others use a combination of both. This book draws attention to the contrast between counting and measuring, and shows that it is central to our understanding of how we use numerical expressions, classifiers and count nouns in different languages. It reviews some of the more recent major linguistic results in the semantics of numericals, counting and measuring and theories of the mass/count distinction, and presents the author's new research on the topic. The book draws heavily on crosslinguistic research, and presents in-depth case studies of the mass/count distinction and counting and measuring in a number of typologically unrelated languages. It also includes chapters on classifiers, constructions and on adjectival uses of measure phrases.

Comparative linguistics --- Grammar --- Pragmatics --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Grammar & Punctuation. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / Syntax. --- Semantics. --- Semantics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- English language --- Realization (Linguistics) --- Actualisation (Linguistics) --- Manifestation (Linguistics) --- Realisation (Linguistics) --- Representation (Linguistics) --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Mass nouns --- Nouns, Mass --- Dual (Grammar) --- Number (Grammar) --- Plural (Grammar) --- Mathematical linguistics --- Mathematical models --- Numerals --- Number --- Semasiology --- Mass terms --- Non-count nouns --- Quantifiable nouns --- Unbounded nouns --- Uncountable nouns --- Noun --- Nominals --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Formal semantics --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Information theory --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Grammar, Comparative --- English language Semantics