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Economic assistance, Chinese --- Rohingya (Burmese people) --- Crimes against --- Rakhine State (Burma) --- Ethnic relations.
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Human rights --- Democracy --- Humanitarian assistance, American --- National security --- Rakhine State (Burma) --- Burma --- United States --- History. --- Relations
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Religion --- Peace-building --- Ethnic conflict --- Social aspects --- Prevention. --- Rakhine State (Burma) --- Burma --- Social conditions.
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Arakanese (Burmese people) --- Political violence --- Insurgency --- Ethnic conflict --- Warfare. --- Rakkhuiṅʻʹ Tapʻ toʻ. --- Burma. --- Rakhine State (Burma) --- Politics and government
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Human rights --- Rohingya (Burmese people) --- Refugees --- Humanitarian assistance, American --- Human rights advocacy --- Government relations. --- Social conditions. --- Government policy --- Burma --- United States --- Rakhine State (Burma) --- Foreign relations
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This paper examines why ethnic parties did well in Rakhine and Shan States despite the fact that the National League for Democracy (NLD) was given a manifest mandate by the Myanmar electorate to represent its interests nationwide. In Rakhine State, the electorate chose the Arakan National Party (ANP) over the other parties because of the fear that their cultural identity and right to govern themselves are threatened by Bamar political and cultural hegemony and Muslim/South Asian encroachment from the western border. In Shan State, excluding the self-administered areas, the vote was split between the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP), the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD) and the NLD. This was the only state/region where the USDP won the most number of seats. Given the lack of available data, the best explanation that can be offered at present is that the combination of non-state armed ethnic group fighting, recent ceasefire agreements, and economic development of places such as the self-administered areas and urban centres influenced Shan State voters to choose the USDP. The results of the election for ethnic affairs ministers approximate those of the nationwide results. Like the national and regional election results, the Rakhine as well as ethnic groups in Shan State voted for candidates from ethnic parties, indicating that the agenda of these ethnic parties is particularly important for those populations.
Campaigns & Elections. --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / Political Process / Campaigns & Elections. --- Rakhine State (Burma) --- Shan States, Northern (Burma) --- Shan States, Southern (Burma --- Southern Shan States (Burma) --- Northern Shan States (Burma) --- Arakan Division (Burma) --- Rahkaing (Burma) --- Yagaing Taing (Burma) --- Rakhuiṅʻ (Burma) --- Arakan State (Burma) --- Elections-Burma-Rakhine State. --- Elections-Burma-Shan State. --- Minorities-Political activity-Burma. --- Political parties-Burma-Rakhine State. --- Political parties-Burma-Shan State. --- Rakhine State (Burma)-Politics and government. --- Shan State (Burma)-Politics and government.
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Burma. --- Golf van Bengalen. --- Arakan State (Burma) --- Burma, Lower --- Burma --- Tenasserim Division (Burma) --- Tenninsarin Division (Burma) --- Tennasserin Division (Burma) --- Tanah Sari (Division : Burma) --- Tanah Sari Region (Burma) --- Tanaṅsārī (Division : Burma) --- Tanaṅsārī Tuiṅʻʺ Desa krīʺ (Burma) --- Tanāo Si (Division : Burma) --- Tanintharyi Division (Burma) --- Tanintharyi Region (Burma) --- Taninthayi (Division : Burma) --- Taninthayi Region (Burma) --- Birmanskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Union of Burma --- Burma (Union) --- Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma --- Pyidaungsu Myanmma Naing Ngan-Daw --- Birmanie --- Birmânia --- Myanmar --- Mien Chin --- Burmah --- Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw --- Myanma Naingngandaw --- Pyidaungsu Socialist Thammada Myanma Naingngandaw --- Mranʻ mā --- Praññʻ thoṅʻ cu Chuirhayʻlacʻ Sammata Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Union of Myanmar --- Birma --- Myanma --- Republic of the Union of Myanmar --- Pyidaunzu Thanmăda Myăma Nainngandaw --- Mianmar --- Unie van Mianmar --- Unie van Birma --- Pyi-daung-zu Myan-mar Naing-ngan-daw --- Myanma Birliyi Respublikası --- М'янма --- M'i︠a︡nma --- Рэспубліка Саюз М'янма --- Rėspublika Sai︠u︡z M'i︠a︡nma --- П'ідаўнзу М'янма Найнганда --- P'idaŭnzu M'i︠a︡nma Naĭnhanda --- Саюз М'янма --- Sai︠u︡z M'i︠a︡nma --- Mijanmar --- Mijanmarska Unija --- Мианмар --- Република Съюз Мианмар --- Republika Sŭi︠u︡z Mianmar --- República de la Unió de Myanmar --- Birmanya --- Barma --- Svazová republika Myanmar --- Undeb Myanmar --- Myanmar Unionens Republik --- Pyidaungsu Thamada Myanmar Naing-Ngan-Daw --- Pye Tawngsu Thammada Myanma Naingngan --- Republik der Union von Myanmar --- Myanmari Liidu Vabariik --- Μιανμάρ --- ʼΕνωση του Μιανμαρ --- Enōsē tou Mianmar --- Βιρμανία --- Virmania --- Μπούρμα --- Bourma --- Δημοκρατία της ʼΕνωσης της Μιανμάρ --- Dēmokratia tēs Enōsēs tēs Mianmar --- Unión de Myanmar --- República de la Unión de Myanmar --- Birmo --- Mjanmao --- Mjanmaa Unio --- Myanmarko Batasuna --- République de l'Union du Myanmar --- Myanmarin tasavallan unioni --- Puruma --- Maenmar --- Unión de Birmania --- Mjanmar --- Mjanma --- Unija Mjanmar --- Mianmari Államszövetség Köztársasága --- ミャンマー --- 미얀마 --- Miyanma --- 버마 --- Bŏma --- 缅甸 --- Miandian --- Praññʻ thoṅʻ cu Sammata Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Mranʻ mā Nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ toʻ --- Pyidaungzu Thammada Myanma Naingngandaw --- Lower Burma --- ʼOkʻ Mranʻ mā praññʻ --- Mranʻ mā praññʻ, ʼOkʻ --- Arakan Division (Burma) --- Rahkaing (Burma) --- Yagaing Taing (Burma) --- Rakhine State (Burma) --- Commerce --- History --- National Unity Government of Myanmar --- National Unity Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
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