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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Medical genetics --- RNA regulatory enzyme --- RNA-binding protein --- RNA modification --- transcription --- translation --- tRNA --- quality control --- RNA processing --- RNA regulatory enzyme --- RNA-binding protein --- RNA modification --- transcription --- translation --- tRNA --- quality control --- RNA processing

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Le processus de cancérisation peut provenir de la perturbation de différents mécanismes cellulaires : transcription, traduction, réparation de l’ADN, etc. Ici, nous nous intéressons à l’épissage alternatif. De nombreuses recherches ont documenté les conséquences des altérations de ce mécanisme et de ses régulateurs . Lors de ce projet, deux RNA Binding Protein impliquées dans la régulation de l’épissage sont étudiées : il s’agit de RBFOX2 et RBM39. RBFOX2 est connue pour activer ou inhiber l’épissage en fonction de la séquence consensus (U)ACUAG. Elle est notamment associée à la transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse, un processus important lors du développement de métastases. Cette protéine est surexprimée dans les cancers du sein et des ovaires. RBM39, quant à elle, était principalement connue pour son rôle de coactivateur transcriptionnel mais de plus en plus d’études montrent qu’elle participe également au mécanisme d’épissage. En effet, elle interagit directement avec certains éléments du spliceosome tels que U2AF65. Elle régule ainsi de nombreux processus physiologiques dont la prolifération cellulaire. Comme RBFOX2, RBM39 est également associée à certains types de cancers (sein, poumon, etc). Un troisième acteur, régulé positivement par RBM39, est également ajouté dans cette étude : il s’agit du facteur de transcription dimérique AP-1, et plus précisément d’une de ses sous-unités c-Jun. Ce dernier étant un proto-oncogène, il est connu pour être impliqué dans le développement de certains cancers. Par conséquent, de plus en plus de traitements ciblant l’ interaction entre c-Jun et RBM39 sont développés comme thérapie en cancérologie, par exemple pour le cancer du sein.
Le projet tente de mieux comprendre l’influence de ces 3 différents acteurs les uns pour les autres. Plus particulièrement, nous nous sommes penchés sur la coopération entre RBFOX2 et RBM39. En effet, ces 2 protéines ont des partenaires communs et sont chacune des régulateurs de l’épissage. Nous avons découvert que ces 2 protéines s’influencent entre elles et plus encore, qu’elles interagissent directement ensemble. Cependant, leur rôle respectif semble être antagoniste au niveau de la régulation de l’épissage et également au niveau de l’influence sur la transcription d’AP-1.

RNA Binding Protein, RBFOX2, RBM39, c-Jun, interaction protéique, épissage alternatif, transcription --- Sciences du vivant > Biochimie, biophysique & biologie moléculaire

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This book is a collection of eight articles, of which seven are reviews and one is a research paper, that together form a Special Issue that describes the roles that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play in gene regulation at a post-transcriptional level.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- long non-coding RNA 1 --- RNA binding protein 2 --- post-transcriptional regulation --- long non-coding RNA --- mRNA stability --- RNA binding protein --- microRNA --- gene expression --- long noncoding RNA --- target mimicry --- alternative splicing --- protein re-localization --- translation promotion --- post-translational modification --- double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) --- innate immunity --- repetitive DNA elements (RE) --- antisense transcript --- non-coding RNAs --- long non-coding RNAs --- ncRNAs --- translation --- cancer --- lncRNA --- post-transcription --- RNA-binding --- ribonucleoprotein --- RNAi --- interactome --- prediction --- database --- CLIP --- splicing factors --- miRNAs --- lncRNAs --- ceRNAs --- mTOR pathway --- long non-coding RNA 1 --- RNA binding protein 2 --- post-transcriptional regulation --- long non-coding RNA --- mRNA stability --- RNA binding protein --- microRNA --- gene expression --- long noncoding RNA --- target mimicry --- alternative splicing --- protein re-localization --- translation promotion --- post-translational modification --- double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) --- innate immunity --- repetitive DNA elements (RE) --- antisense transcript --- non-coding RNAs --- long non-coding RNAs --- ncRNAs --- translation --- cancer --- lncRNA --- post-transcription --- RNA-binding --- ribonucleoprotein --- RNAi --- interactome --- prediction --- database --- CLIP --- splicing factors --- miRNAs --- lncRNAs --- ceRNAs --- mTOR pathway

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Life in biological systems is maintained by the cooperative actions of various biomolecules. With the development of chemical and biological technologies related to nucleic acids, the details of the mechanisms of such cooperative actions between nucleic acids and other biomolecules have been elucidated and further applied in various applications. In the papers published in this Special Issue, advanced research works involved in nucleic acid conjugates are reported in wide application fields, such as artificial gene regulation, biomolecular sensing, and therapeutics from leading scientists in nucleic acids chemistry and engineering.

fluorescent probe --- conjugate --- abasic site --- DNA --- microRNA --- RNA binding protein --- PUF --- RNA regulation --- DNA-protein conjugate --- replication initiation protein --- DNA aptamer --- BRET-based biosensor --- oligonucleotide --- crosslink --- nucleic acid binding protein --- cytosine methyltransferase --- mRNA --- poly(A) tail --- artificial viral capsid --- encapsulation --- nanocapsule --- self-assembly --- β-annulus peptide --- peptide-DNA conjugate --- PNA --- invasion --- NLS --- drug delivery system --- anticancer drug --- camptothecin derivative --- irinotecan --- ribonucleopeptide (RNP) --- RNA-peptide conjugate --- Schiff base --- aptamer --- fluorescent sensors --- therapeutic nucleic acid --- drug delivery --- nanoparticles --- cytotoxicity --- macrophages --- cellular uptake --- small interfering RNA --- multiple sclerosis --- repulsive guidance molecule a --- catalytic RNA --- group I ribozyme --- RNA nanostructure --- RNA nanotechnology --- RNA-protein complex --- trans-splicing --- n/a

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Salt stress is one of the most damaging abiotic stresses because most crop plants are susceptible to salinity to different degrees. According to the FAO, about 800 million Has of land are affected by salinity worldwide. Unfortunately, this situation will worsen in the context of climate change, where there will be an overall increase in temperature and a decrease in average annual rainfall worldwide. This Special Issue presents different research works and reviews on the response of plants to salinity, focused from different points of view: physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Although an important part of the studies on the response to salinity have been carried out with Arabidopsis plants, the use of other species with agronomic interest is also notable, including woody plants. Most of the conducted studies in this Special Issue were focused on the identification and characterization of candidate genes for salt tolerance in higher plants. This identification would provide valuable information about the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in the salt tolerance response, and it also supplies important resources to breeding programs for salt tolerance in plants.

soluble nutrients --- transcription factor --- n/a --- CDPK --- salicylic acid --- antioxidant enzymes --- light saturation point --- phytohormone --- ion homeostasis --- antioxidant systems --- photosynthesis --- Chlamydomonas reinhardtii --- high salinity --- nitric oxide --- poplars (Populus) --- root activity --- abiotic stresses --- transcriptional activator --- germination --- ABA --- transcriptome --- mandelonitrile --- redox homeostasis --- association mapping. --- redox signalling --- osmotic stress --- flax --- strigolactones --- salt tolerance --- nucleolin --- CaDHN5 --- photosystem --- EST-SSR --- NMT --- Sapium sebiferum --- Gossypium arboretum --- SOS --- Brassica napus --- SnRK2 --- HKT1 --- grapevine --- transcription factors --- cucumber --- underpinnings of salt stress responses --- abiotic stress --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- RNA-seq --- halophytes --- single nucleotide polymorphisms --- dehydrin --- J8-1 plum line --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- natural variation --- hydrogen peroxide --- salt stress --- lipid peroxidation --- ROS detoxification --- ROP --- molecular mechanisms --- cell membrane injury --- booting stage --- ascorbate cycle --- banana (Musa acuminata L.) --- iTRAQ quantification --- ROS --- Na+ --- Capsicum annuum L. --- bZIP transcription factors --- multiple bioactive constituents --- NaCl stress --- physiological changes --- VOZ --- transcriptional regulation --- genome-wide identification --- Apocyni Veneti Folium --- impairment of photosynthesis --- salt-stress --- Oryza sativa --- reactive oxygen species --- lipid accumulation --- polyamines --- multivariate statistical analysis --- DEUs --- salinity --- TGase --- Salt stress --- Prunus domestica --- proteomics --- Arabidopsis --- RNA binding protein --- rice --- glycophytes --- SsMAX2 --- drought --- genome-wide association study --- transcriptome analysis --- signal pathway --- melatonin --- MaROP5g