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sectes --- Rd Congo --- l'Eglise de la RD Congo --- l'Eglise du Christ au Congo --- l'Eglise catholique de la RD Congo --- l'Eglise de Jésus Christ sur la terre par le prophète Simon Kimbangu --- formation religieuse --- la Bible

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L’impact causé par le ravinement est une réalité, mais c’est une question qui reste peu quantifiée pour la majorité des villes affectées en RD Congo. De toutes les villes frappées par ce phénomène du ravinement, seule la ville de Kinshasa et, dans une moindre mesure Butembo, sont documentées en termes d’analyse d’inventaires. En raison de ce manque d’étude, il y a actuellement très peu d'informations sur le dommage total causé par les ravins urbains en RD Congo. Le but de cette étude est de faire une première quantification de l’impact de ces processus sur les bâtis et sur le nombre des personnes affectées dans les villes concernées.
Partant d’une cartographie à l’aide de l’imagerie Google Earth, et basés sur une analyse exploratoire antérieure, nous avons identifié 20 villes touchées par le ravinement et dont la plupart s’étendent sur les sables tertiaires du Kalahari, dans le plateau du Kasaï. Un total de 998 ravins a été cartographié, dont 86% actives. En analysant l’évolution de ces ravins, nous avons répertorié 1463 maisons qui ont été détruites. Une forte corrélation entre le taux d’expansion des ravins et le nombre des maisons détruites a été observée. 386 ravins affectent des routes. 
Les densités de ces ravins urbains varient de 0.12% à 4.66%. En les combinant avec des estimations de la population vivant dans chaque ville, une première quantification du nombre total de personnes affectées par les ravins urbains a été réalisée. Ce nombre s’élève à 212 242 personnes. Les villes de Kinshasa, Mbujimayi, Tshikapa, Kananga, Kabinda, Kikwit sont les plus touchées. Dans l’hypothèse où ces ravins, comme montré à Kinshasa, sont liés à la croissance urbaine, on peut supposer que la très grande majorité d’entre eux ont moins de 30 ans. Si un taux d’expansion linéaire des ravins est supposé (ce qui n’est pas encore analysé), on peut dire que plus de 7000 personnes sont nouvellement affectées par an. Cela sous-entend que leurs maisons ont été probablement détruites, sans compter d’autres dommages indirects. A noter qu’il s’agit d’une estimation qui devra certainement être revue à la hausse, étant donné que la résolution spatiale, spectrale (et temporelle) des images Google Earth n’est pas toujours optimale et qu’il y a certainement d’autres villes affectées qui n’ont pas été considérées par cette étude.
Cette première estimation montre que le ravinement urbain constitue un grave problème en RD Congo, et qu’il est nécessaire de poursuivre les recherches pour mieux comprendre les processus qui y sont associés et aussi, à terme, prévenir et atténuer ses impacts. Les résultats et ainsi que la base de données de cette étude constituent une première étape importante. The impact caused by the gullying is a reality, but it is an issue that remains little quantified for the majority of affected cities in DR Congo. Of all the cities hit by this phenomenon of gullying, only the city of Kinshasa and, to a lesser extent, Butembo, are documented in terms of inventory analysis. Due to this lack of study, there is currently very little information on the total damage caused by urban Gullies in DR Congo. The purpose of this study is to make a first quantification of the impact of these processes on the buildings and the number of people affected in the cities concerned.
Based on mapping using Google Earth imagery, and based on previous exploratory analysis, we have identified 20 cities affected by gullying, most of which extend over the Kalahari tertiary sands in the plateau of Kasai. 998 Gullies have been mapped, of which 86% are active. By analyzing the evolution of these Gullies, we have listed 1463 houses that have been destroyed. A strong correlation between the rate of gully expansion and the number of houses destroyed was observed. 386 gullies affect roads.
The densities of these urban Gullies range from 0.12% to 4.66%. Combining them with estimates of the population living in each city, a first quantification of the total number of people affected by the urban Gullies was carried out. This number stands at 212 242 people. The cities of Kinshasa, Mbujimayi, Tshikapa, Kananga, Kabinda, Kikwit are the most affected. In the hypothesis that these Gullies, as shown in Kinshasa, are linked to urban growth, we can assume that the vast majority of them are under 30 years old. If a rate of linear expansion of the Gullies is assumed (which is not yet analyzed), it can be said that more than 7000 people are newly affected per year. This implies that their homes were probably destroyed, not to mention other indirect damages. Note that this is an estimate that will certainly have to be revised upwards, given that the spatial, spectral (and temporal) resolution of Google Earth images is not always optimal and that there is certainly other affected cities that were not considered by this study.
This first estimate shows that urban gullying is a serious problem in DR Congo, and that further research is needed to better understand the associated processes and, ultimately, to prevent and mitigate its impacts. The results and the database of this study is an important first step.

ravinement urbain --- RD Congo --- impact --- maisons --- population --- urban --- gully --- DR Congo --- houses --- Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre > Sciences de la terre & géographie physique

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'I want you to go up the Isango, Bones,' said Sanders, 'there may be some trouble there - a woman is working miracles.' Unexpected things happen in the territories of the Belgian Congo where Sanders keeps an uneasy peace, aided by Hamilton and hindered, unintentionally, by the trouble prone Bones.

Congo (Democratic Republic) --- Congo (Leopoldville) --- République du Congo (Leopoldville) --- Republic of the Congo (Leopoldville) --- Republic of Congo (Leopoldville) --- République démocratique du Congo --- Democratic Republic of the Congo --- Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo --- Kongo --- Congo (Kinshasa) --- RDC (République démocratique du Congo) --- DRC (Democratic Republic of the Congo) --- DRK (Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo) --- Democratic Republic of Congo --- DR Congo --- RD Congo --- Belgian Congo --- Zaire --- Congo DR --- R.D. Congo

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This revised edition of Bats of Southern and Central Africa builds on the solid foundation of the first edition and supplements the original account of bat species then known to be found in Southern and Central Africa with an additional eight newly described species, bringing the total to 124. The chapters on evolution, biogeography, ecology and echolocation have been updated, citing dozens of recently published papers. The book covers the latest systematic and taxonomic studies, ensuring that the names and relationships of bats in this new edition reflect current scientific knowledge. The species accounts provide descriptions, measurements and diagnostic characters as well as detailed information about the distribution, habitat, roosting habits, foraging ecology and reproduction of each species. The updated species distribution maps are based on 6 100 recorded localities. A special feature of the 2010 publication was the mode of identification of families, genera and species by way of character matrices rather than the more generally used dichotomous keys. Since then these matrices have been tested in the field and, where necessary, slightly altered for this edition. New photographs fill in gaps and updated sonograms aid with bat identification in acoustic surveys. The bibliography, which now contains more than 700 entries, will be an invaluable aid to students and scientists wishing to consult original research.

Bats --- Cheiroptera --- Chiroptera --- Chiropterans --- Mammals --- Bats. --- Southern Africa. --- Congo (Democratic Republic) --- Belgian Congo --- Zaire --- Congo DR --- Congo (Kinshasa) --- Congo (Leopoldville) --- Democratic Republic of Congo --- Democratic Republic of the Congo --- Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo --- DR Congo --- DRC (Democratic Republic of the Congo) --- DRK (Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo) --- Kongo --- R.D. Congo --- RD Congo --- RDC (République démocratique du Congo) --- Republic of Congo (Leopoldville) --- Republic of the Congo (Leopoldville) --- République démocratique du Congo --- République du Congo (Leopoldville) --- Southern Africa

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Introduces the readers to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a country valiantly struggling to recover from historical abuse and ongoing war, a geographic paradise in the midst of political turmoil kept alive by the presence of the United Nations and 17,000 peacekeeping troops.

Congo (Democratic Republic) --- Congo DR --- Congo (Kinshasa) --- Congo (Leopoldville) --- Democratic Republic of Congo --- Democratic Republic of the Congo --- Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo --- DR Congo --- DRC (Democratic Republic of the Congo) --- DRK (Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo) --- Kongo --- R.D. Congo --- RD Congo --- RDC (République démocratique du Congo) --- Republic of Congo (Leopoldville) --- Republic of the Congo (Leopoldville) --- République démocratique du Congo --- République du Congo (Leopoldville) --- Belgian Congo --- Zaire