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Van der Waals forces. --- Kinetic theory of gases. --- Gases, Kinetic theory of --- Gases --- Molecular theory --- Statistical mechanics --- Intermolecular forces --- Quasimolecules
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Statistical physics --- Van der Waals forces. --- Van der Waals, Forces de --- Van der Waals forces --- Atoms --- Molecules --- Polarization (Electricity) --- Quasimolecules --- Intermolecular forces
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This brief explains the theory of the interaction-induced electrical properties of van der Waals complexes. It focuses on the interaction-induced electrical dipole moments, polarizabilities and first hyperpolarizabilities of atom-atomic, atom-molecular and molecular-molecular van der Waals complexes.
Van der Waals forces. --- Quasimolecules. --- Chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Atoms. --- Physics. --- Matter. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry. --- Atoms and Molecules in Strong Fields, Laser Matter Interaction. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Van der Waals molecules --- Molecules --- Van der Waals forces --- Atoms --- Polarization (Electricity) --- Quasimolecules --- Optics --- Materials --- Physical sciences --- Intermolecular forces --- Electronic materials --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Dynamics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Constitution
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This book provides details of the calculation of the interaction between two neutral polarizable atoms or molecules using molecular quantum electrodynamics (QED). To better understand the origin of this force, it briefly outlines molecular QED theory, the well-known van der Waals dispersion potential first evaluated by Casimir and Polder, who accounted for retardation effects. It presents different calculation schemes for the evaluation of the dispersion potential and also discusses energy shifts involving electric quadrupole and octupole moments, along with discriminatory dispersion potentials. Further, it explores in detail non-additive dispersion interaction energies between three-bodies, as well as the effects of higher multipole moment correction terms, and provides results for specific geometries such as collinear and equilateral triangles. Lastly, it computes near and far-zone asymptotic limits for both pair and many-body potentials, with the former shown to agree with less rigorous semi-classical calculations.
Chemistry. --- Chemometrics. --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Math. Applications in Chemistry. --- Van der Waals forces. --- Atoms --- Molecules --- Polarization (Electricity) --- Quasimolecules --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry --- Mathematics. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Physical sciences --- Intermolecular forces --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Analytical chemistry --- Mathematics --- Measurement --- Statistical methods
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Nanostructures --- Nanoparticles. --- Exciton theory. --- Quasimolecules. --- Nanocomposites (Materials) --- Nanocomposite materials --- Nanostructured composite materials --- Nanostructured composites --- Composite materials --- Nanostructured materials --- Van der Waals molecules --- Molecules --- Van der Waals forces --- Electron-hole pair theory --- Excitons, Theory of --- Electrons --- Photons --- Quantum theory --- Solids --- Transport theory --- Nano-particles --- NPs (Nanoparticles) --- Particles --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Optical properties. --- Nanoscale particles
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The corresponding-states principle helps the understanding and calculating of thermodynamic, transport, and surface properties of substances in various states, required by our modern lifestyle. The Corresponding-States Principle and its Practice: Thermodynamic, Transport and Surface Properties of Fluids describes the origins and applications of the principle from a universal point of view with comparisons to experimental data where possible. It uses the universal theory to explain present theories. Emphasis is on the properties of pure systems, and the corresponding-states theory can al
Change of state (Physics) --- Van der Waals forces. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Statistical mechanics. --- Mechanics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Quantum statistics --- Statistical physics --- Thermodynamics --- Hydromechanics --- Continuum mechanics --- Intermolecular forces --- Quasimolecules --- Waals, J. D. van der --- Van der Waals, J. D. --- Waals, Johannes Diderik van der, --- Vaalʹs, Iogannes Diderik Van-der-, --- Van-der-Vaalʹs, Iogannes Diderik, --- Wa'ersi, Fande,
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This book presents a self-contained derivation of van der Waals and Casimir type dispersion forces, covering the interactions between two atoms but also between microscopic, mesoscopic, and macroscopic objects of various shapes and materials. It also presents detailed and general prescriptions for finding the normal modes and the interactions in layered systems of planar, spherical and cylindrical types, with two-dimensional sheets, such as graphene incorporated in the formalism. A detailed derivation of the van der Waals force and Casimir-Polder force between two polarizable atoms serves as the starting point for the discussion of forces: Dispersion forces, of van der Waals and Casimir type, act on bodies of all size, from atoms up to macroscopic objects. The smaller the object the more these forces dominate and as a result they play a key role in modern nanotechnology through effects such as stiction. They show up in almost all fields of science, including physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and even cosmology. Written by a condensed matter physicist in the language of condensed matter physics, the book shows readers how to obtain the electromagnetic normal modes, which for metallic systems, is especially useful in the field of plasmonics.
Van der Waals forces. --- Casimir effect. --- Casimir force --- Casimir forces --- Effect, Casimir --- Force, Casimir --- Electric fields --- Vacuum polarization --- Zero-point field --- Atoms --- Molecules --- Polarization (Electricity) --- Quasimolecules --- Mathematical physics. --- Solid State Physics. --- Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Mathematics --- Solid state physics. --- Atoms. --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Solids --- Constitution
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Micro/nano-mechanical systems are a crucial part of the modern world providing a plethora of sensing and actuation functionalities used in everything from the largest cargo ships to the smallest hand-held electronics; from the most advanced scientific and medical equipment to the simplest household items. Over the past few decades, the processes used to produce these devices have improved, supporting dramatic reductions in size, but there are fundamental limits to this trend that require a new production paradigm. The 2004 discovery of graphene ushered in a new era of condensed matter physics research, that of two-dimensional materials. Being only a few atomic layers thick, this new class of materials exhibit unprecedented mechanical strength and flexibility and can couple to electric, magnetic and optical signals. Additionally, they can be combined to form van der Waals heterostructures in an almost limitless number of ways. They are thus ideal candidates to reduce the size and extend the capabilities of traditional micro/nano-mechanical systems and are poised to redefine the technological sphere. This thesis attempts to develop the framework and protocols required to produce and characterise micro/nano-mechanical devices made from two-dimensional materials. Graphene and its insulating analogue, hexagonal boron nitride, are the most widely studied materials and their heterostructures are used as the test-bed for potential device architectures and capabilities. Interlayer friction, electro-mechanical actuation and surface reconstruction are some of the key phenomena investigated in this work.
Nanoelectromechanical systems. --- Quasimolecules. --- Van der Waals molecules --- Molecules --- Van der Waals forces --- Nano-electro-mechanical systems --- Nanoelectromechanical devices --- Nanomechanical devices --- Nanomechanical machines --- Nanomechanical systems --- Nanometer scale devices --- Nanoscale devices --- Nanoscale electronic devices --- Nanostructured devices --- NEMS (Nanotechnology) --- Nanoelectronics --- Nanostructures --- Nanotechnology. --- Optical materials. --- Nanochemistry. --- Surface and Interface Science, Thin Films. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Interfaces (Physical sciences). --- Thin films. --- Electronic materials. --- Nanoscale chemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Nanoscience --- Optics --- Materials --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Electronic materials --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Physics --- Analytical chemistry
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