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Book
Estimation of Aquifer Hydraulic Properties by Inverse Numerical Modeling of Aquifer Pumping Tests (ANSI/ASCE/EWRI 70-19)
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0784482527 Year: 2020 Publisher: Reston : American Society of Civil Engineers,

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Abstract

Prepared by the Standards Committee on Fitting of Hydraulic Conductivity Using Statistical Spatial Estimation (called KSTAT) of the Standards Development Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCEEstimation of Aquifer Hydraulic Properties by Inverse Numerical Modeling of Aquifer Pumping Tests is the fifth in a series of standards that seeks to enhance the probabilistic and empirical characterization and understanding of the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kstat), a key groundwater parameter.ANSI/ASCE/EWRI 70-19 provides guidelines for estimating the hydraulic properties of a groundwater system by inverse numerical modeling of aquifer pumping tests. This standard is applicable to situations where inverse methods based on analytical solutions for aquifer response to pumping are not applicable. Guidance is provided on using a numerical groundwater flow model to simulate an aquifer pumping test and estimate aquifer hydraulic properties. The methodology is based on minimizing residual error between observed and simulated heads by adjusting (calibrating) values of the pertinent aquifer hydraulic properties, for example, transmissivity, storativity, and leakance, such that there is a close match between the observed and simulated values.Standard ANSI/ASCE/EWRI 70-19 will be useful to environmental engineers, water resources engineers, and any professional who uses hydraulics in engineering.


Book
Groundwater Overexploitation in the North China Plain.
Authors: --- --- --- ---
ISBN: 9811658439 9811658420 Year: 2021 Publisher: Singapore : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,

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Abstract

Over-pumping of aquifers is a worldwide problem, mainly caused by agricultural water use. Among its consequences are the falling dry of streams and wetlands, soil subsidence, die-off of phreatophytic vegetation, saline water intrusion, increased pumping cost and loss of storage needed for drought relief. Stopping or reversing the trend requires management interventions. The North China Plain serves as an example. A management system is set up for a typical county. It contains three components: monitoring, decision support based on modelling, and implementation in the field. Besides all monitoring data, the decision support module contains an irrigation calculator, a box model, and a distributed groundwater model to project the outcomes of different water allocation scenarios. In view of grain security, a solution combines an adaptation of the cropping system with imports of surface water from the South. The Open Access book does not only describe the problem and the path to its solution. It also gives access to nine manuals concerning methods used. They include computer programs and the game Save the Water. The Chinese experience should be of considerable interest to other regions in the world which suffer from over-pumping of aquifers.

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