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This paper reviews lessons learned for future technical assistance work in the hope that they will highlight the problems faced when introducing institutional changes in transitional economies. The findings from the assessment are intended principally for those interested in the development of these transition economies, but should also be of wider relevance to those involved in delivering technical assistance on public sector institutional reform. The assessment follows the standard approach to such evaluation work. It first considers whether the basic goal of setting up treasuries has been achieved and whether the resultant reforms are relevant and sustainable. A more marked improvement in public expenditure and fiscal management was, however, also seriously hindered by the hostile macroeconomic environment of perennial crisis. The IMF is now preparing an illustrative standard for budget preparation, based on the Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency, for the countries discussed in this paper.

Economic conditions. Economic development --- International Monetary Fund --- Eastern and Central Europe --- Technical assistance --- Finance, Public --- financiën --- overheid --- Rusland --- 336.1 <47> --- -Technical assistance --- -Assistance, Technical --- Assistance, Technological --- Technological assistance --- Economic assistance --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Currency question --- Public finance, government finance in general--Rusland. Sovjet-Unie --- -Mezhdunarodnyĭ vali︠u︡tnyĭ fond --- Международный валютный фонд --- Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ vali︠u︡tnyĭ fond --- Fundo Monetário Internacional --- Fondo Monetario Internacional --- IMF (International Monetary Fund) --- FMI (International Monetary Fund) --- Internationaler Währungsfonds --- Kokusai Tsūka Kikin --- Fonds monétaire international --- Kukche Tʻonghwa Kigŭm --- Kansainvälinen Valuuttarahasto --- Kuo chi huo pi chi chin --- Fondul Monetar International --- Ṣundūq al-Naqd al-Dawlī --- Fondo M. Internacional --- IWF (International Monetary Fund) --- Kō̜ngthun Kānngœ̄n rawāng Prathēt --- MVF (International Monetary Fund) --- Międzynarodowy Fundusz Walutowy --- Mulya Aramudala --- I.M.F. (International Monetary Fund) --- Quỹ tiè̂n tệ quó̂c té̂ --- Nemzetközi Valuta Alap --- صندوق النقد الدولي --- 国际货币基金组织 --- 国際通貨基金 --- 國際貨幣基金組織 --- Fundu Monetariu Internacional --- Ṣundūq al-Naqd al-Duwalī --- DNT (Organization) --- IMF (=International Monetary Fund): Baltische Staten --- IMF (=International Monetary Fund): Russische Federatie --- IMF (=International Monetary Fund): voormalige Sovjet Republieken --- Overheidsfinanciën: Baltische Staten --- Overheidsfinanciën: Russische Federatie --- Overheidsfinanciën: voormalige Sovjet Republieken --- IMF (=International Monetary Fund): Baltische Staten. --- IMF (=International Monetary Fund): Russische Federatie. --- IMF (=International Monetary Fund): voormalige Sovjet Republieken. --- Overheidsfinanciën: Baltische Staten. --- Overheidsfinanciën: Russische Federatie. --- Overheidsfinanciën: voormalige Sovjet Republieken. --- -Public finance, government finance in general--Rusland. Sovjet-Unie --- -financiën --- 336.1 <47> Public finance, government finance in general--Rusland. Sovjet-Unie --- -Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Assistance, Technical --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- IMF --- Public finances --- Technical assistance - Former Soviet republics --- Finance, Public - Former Soviet republics --- Accounting --- Budgeting --- Public Finance --- National Budget --- Budget Systems --- Public Administration --- Public Sector Accounting and Audits --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- National Budget, Deficit, and Debt: General --- Budgeting & financial management --- Public finance & taxation --- Public finance accounting --- Budget planning and preparation --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Fiscal accounting and reporting --- Budget execution and treasury management --- PFM information systems --- Budget --- Expenditures, Public --- Russian Federation --- Pfm information systems