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Democratization --- -#SBIB:328H419 --- #SBIB:327.4H21 --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- Political science --- New democracies --- Instellingen en beleid: andere Afrikaanse landen --- Kolonisatie / dekolonisatie / post-kolonisatie --- Atlantic Islands --- Economic policy. --- Politics and government. --- Theses --- #SBIB:328H419 --- Sao Tome and Principe --- São Thomé e Príncipe --- São Tomé e Príncipe --- S. Tomé e Príncipe --- República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe --- Saint-Thomas-et-Prince --- Província de São Tomé e Príncipe (Portugal) --- Province de Saint-Thomas-et-Prince (Portugal) --- San Tome i Prinsipi --- République démocratique de Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe --- São Tomé ja Príncipe --- São Tomé-Príncipe --- São Tomé och Príncipe --- Сан-Томе и Принсипи --- Santo Tomé y Principe

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This paper assesses São Tomé and Príncipe's monetary and exchange rate arrangements in light of the country's monetary history and the relevant experience of comparable countries in Africa. The study highlights several structural characteristics of São Tomé and Príncipe including its very small size, high degree of openness, extensive use of foreign currencies, and inflexible product and factor markets in the consideration of an appropriate monetary and exchange regime. Firmly anchored currency arrangements, defined in this paper to include memberships in monetary unions or hard pegs, are found to be preferable to the status quo of a managed float. The paper applies statistical methods and takes into account other factors to identify the appropriate anchor currency. It stresses that fiscal discipline and prudent debt management are the main prerequisites for a firmly anchored currency arrangement.

Sao Tome and Principe --- Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe --- Province de Saint-Thomas-et-Prince (Portugal) --- Província de São Tomé e Príncipe (Portugal) --- República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe --- République démocratique de Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- S. Tomé e Príncipe --- Saint-Thomas-et-Prince --- San Tome i Prinsipi --- São Thomé e Príncipe --- São Tomé e Príncipe --- Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- São Tomé ja Príncipe --- São Tomé och Príncipe --- São Tomé-Príncipe --- Сан-Томе и Принсипи --- Santo Tomé y Principe --- Economic conditions. --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Financial Aspects of Economic Integration --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- Monetary economics --- International economics --- Currencies --- Monetary unions --- Exchange rate arrangements --- Exchange rates --- Conventional peg --- Money --- São Tomé and Príncipe, Democratic Republic of

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Histoire d'un étonnant théâtre africain à Sao Tomé, " l'île du milieu du monde ", sur l'Equateur ! Charlemagne, Ganelon, le marquis de Mantoue, l'Impératrice et ses dames de Cour dansent des pavanes et des menuets raffinés en pleine jungle. Dans ce livre, Françoise Gründ, éthnoscénologue, répond à de nombreuses questions : que signifie le nom tchiloli ? pourquoi les anciens esclaves, qui se font appeler " fils de la terre ", se sont-ils approprié une culture étrangère ? la dramaturgie sophistiquée ne dissimulerait-elle pas un code secret ? - n'a-t-elle pas servi de prétexte pour résister à l'enfer de l'oppression ? Un superbe fragment d'archéologie théâtrale, toujours vivant. La Maison des Cultures du Monde permet la connaissance de formes spectaculaires rares ; ainsi le tchiloli, invité a plusieurs reprises par le Festival de l'Imaginaire, suscite désormais une curiosité justifiée auprès d'un large public.

Festivals --- Fasts and feasts --- Folklore --- Performing arts --- Performance --- Sao Tome and Principe --- Social life and customs --- Folk beliefs --- Folk-lore --- Traditions --- Ethnology --- Manners and customs --- Material culture --- Mythology --- Oral tradition --- Storytelling --- Days --- Anniversaries --- Pageants --- Processions --- Church festivals --- Ecclesiastical fasts and feasts --- Fast days --- Feast days --- Feasts --- Heortology --- Holy days --- Religious festivals --- Christian antiquities --- Fasting --- Liturgics --- Rites and ceremonies --- Theology, Practical --- Church calendar --- Holidays --- Sacred meals --- Religious aspects --- Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe --- Province de Saint-Thomas-et-Prince (Portugal) --- Província de São Tomé e Príncipe (Portugal) --- República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe --- République démocratique de Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- S. Tomé e Príncipe --- Saint-Thomas-et-Prince --- San Tome i Prinsipi --- São Thomé e Príncipe --- São Tomé e Príncipe --- Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- São Tomé ja Príncipe --- São Tomé och Príncipe --- São Tomé-Príncipe --- Сан-Томе и Принсипи --- Santo Tomé y Principe --- Social life and customs. --- Festivals - Sao Tome and Principe --- Fasts and feasts - Sao Tome and Principe --- Folklore - Sao Tome and Principe - Performance --- Performing arts - Africa

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This paper discusses the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe’s First Review under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement. The economy remains vulnerable to external and domestic shocks. Growth decelerated to 4 percent in 2012, reflecting persistent global uncertainties, particularly in Europe, which contributed to a slowdown in foreign direct investment, and in the execution of the foreign-financed public investment program. Commercial banks profitability and capital-to-risk weighted assets ratio declined in 2012, reflecting more challenging lending conditions. The central bank continues to strengthen its banking supervision function through on-site inspections and enforcement of banking regulation.

Economic development --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Sao Tome and Principe --- Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe --- Province de Saint-Thomas-et-Prince (Portugal) --- Província de São Tomé e Príncipe (Portugal) --- República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe --- République démocratique de Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- S. Tomé e Príncipe --- Saint-Thomas-et-Prince --- San Tome i Prinsipi --- São Thomé e Príncipe --- São Tomé e Príncipe --- Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- São Tomé ja Príncipe --- São Tomé och Príncipe --- São Tomé-Príncipe --- Сан-Томе и Принсипи --- Santo Tomé y Principe --- Economic conditions. --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Finance: General --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Statistics --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Aggregative Models: General --- Monetary Policy --- Trade: General --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology --- Computer Programs: Other --- Banking --- International economics --- Finance --- Financial services law & regulation --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Public finance & taxation --- Bank deposits --- Commercial banks --- National accounts --- International reserves --- Imports --- Financial institutions --- Central banks --- Financial services --- International trade --- Banks and banking --- National income --- Foreign exchange reserves --- State supervision --- Finance, Public --- São Tomé and Príncipe, Democratic Republic of

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This paper discusses São Tomé and Príncipe’s 2018 Article IV Consultation, Fifth Review Under the Extended Credit Facility, Request for Waivers for Nonobservance of Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances Review. São Tomé and Príncipe’s GDP growth in 2017 is estimated at about 4 percent, similar to the previous two years. Inflation spiked to 7.7 percent at end 2017, caused by unfavorable weather conditions and an increase in import taxes on selective goods. Fiscal consolidation continued albeit at a slower pace than expected. The macroeconomic outlook is positive. Growth is expected to remain at 4 percent in 2018 and to accelerate to 5 percent in the medium term as new externally-financed projects get under way.

Sao Tome and Principe --- Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe --- Province de Saint-Thomas-et-Prince (Portugal) --- Província de São Tomé e Príncipe (Portugal) --- República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe --- République démocratique de Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- S. Tomé e Príncipe --- Saint-Thomas-et-Prince --- San Tome i Prinsipi --- São Thomé e Príncipe --- São Tomé e Príncipe --- Sao Tomé-et-Principe --- São Tomé ja Príncipe --- São Tomé och Príncipe --- São Tomé-Príncipe --- Сан-Томе и Принсипи --- Santo Tomé y Principe --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Financial Risk Management --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Statistics --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Monetary Policy --- General Aggregative Models: General --- Trade: General --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Banking --- Financial services law & regulation --- Revenue administration --- External debt --- International reserves --- Imports --- Arrears --- National accounts --- International trade --- Debts, External --- Revenue --- Debts, Public --- Banks and banking --- Foreign exchange reserves --- National income --- São Tomé and Príncipe, Democratic Republic of