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The role of parasites and pathogens in the evolution of life history traits is of increasing interest to both ecologists and evolutionary biologists. Immunology, which was once studied almost exclusively by immunologists, has become an important area of proximate investigation to animal physiologists as a means for understanding changes in disease susceptibility and the neural and neuroendocrine mechanisms that mediate these changes. The coalescence of these different perspectives has given rise to the field of ecological immunology, an interdisciplinary research field that examines interaction

Immune system. --- Disease susceptibility. --- Psychoneuroimmunology. --- Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology --- Psychoimmunology --- Neuroimmunology --- Diathesis --- Disease predisposition --- Disease proneness --- Diseases --- Predisposition to disease --- Proneness to disease --- Susceptibility to disease --- Constitutional diseases --- Immunological system --- Anatomy --- Immunology --- Susceptibility --- Causes and theories of causation

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Disease --- Disease Susceptibility --- Pathology --- Disease susceptibility --- Pathologie --- Prédisposition morbide --- pathology --- periodicals. --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Pathology. --- Disease Susceptibility. --- Disease susceptibility. --- Pathologies --- Susceptibility, Disease --- Diathesis --- Diatheses --- Disease Susceptibilities --- Susceptibilities, Disease --- Periodicals --- Health Sciences --- Life Sciences --- General and Others --- Cytology, Cell Biology --- Genetics --- Micro and Molecular Biology --- Virology --- disease markers --- Disease (Pathology) --- Medical sciences --- Diseases --- Medicine --- Medicine, Preventive --- Disease predisposition --- Disease proneness --- Predisposition to disease --- Proneness to disease --- Susceptibility to disease --- Constitutional diseases --- Susceptibility --- Causes and theories of causation --- Oncology. Neoplasms --- Human medicine --- Marcadors bioquímics. --- Patologia.

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Early Life Origins of Health and Disease is a new book which presents and discusses the many factors that may have impact on normal development. In a concise and readable manner, the authors consider both the proven and suggestive evidence that the high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity and, in some populations, kidney disease, may not be all due to genetics or adult environment alone. There is good evidence that stress and more subtle dietary deficiencies, as well as placental malfunction, may increase the risk that the offspring will develop these problems in later life. Finally, new and emerging evidence for other areas of human health and disease such a motor control and mental health is critically reviewed for the first time. The book is a ‘must’ for all scientists interested in researching these areas, as there is a critical evaluation of the methodology used and suggestions for the ‘optimal’ way in which to investigate these phenomena.

Prenatal influences. --- Diseases --- Disease susceptibility. --- Causes and theories of causation. --- Diathesis --- Disease predisposition --- Disease proneness --- Predisposition to disease --- Proneness to disease --- Susceptibility to disease --- Constitutional diseases --- Aetiology --- Etiology --- Pathology --- Children --- Fetus --- Pregnancy --- Susceptibility --- Causes and theories of causation --- Human physiology. --- Developmental biology. --- Human genetics. --- Medicine. --- Obstetrics. --- Human Physiology. --- Developmental Biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Medicine/Public Health, general. --- Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery. --- Maternal-fetal medicine --- Medicine --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Physicians --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Physical anthropology --- Development (Biology) --- Biology --- Growth --- Ontogeny --- Physiology --- Human body --- Health Workforce

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In this thesis, Dr. Jin presents the distribution of ancestral chromosomal segments in the admixed genome, which could provide the information needed to explore population admixture dynamics. The author derives accurate population histories of African Americans and Mexicans using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data. Mapping the genetic background facilitates the study of natural selection in the admixed population, and the author identifies the signals of selection in African Americans since their African ancestors left for America. He further demonstrates that many of the selection signals were associated with African American-specific high-risk diseases such as prostate cancer and hypertension, suggesting an important role these disease-related genes might have played in adapting to their new environment. Lastly, the author reveals the complexity of natural selection in shapinghuman susceptibility to disease. The thesis significantly advances our understanding of the recent population admixture, adaptation to local environment and its health implications.

Pathology --- Genetics --- Biology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Human evolution. --- Genomes. --- Human gene mapping. --- Disease susceptibility. --- Environment --- Diathesis --- Disease predisposition --- Disease proneness --- Diseases --- Predisposition to disease --- Proneness to disease --- Susceptibility to disease --- Human chromosome mapping --- Human genome mapping --- Mapping, Human gene --- Susceptibility --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Bioinformatics. --- Biomathematics. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Genetics. --- Genetics and Population Dynamics. --- Constitutional diseases --- Gene mapping --- Genomics --- Haploidy --- Evolution (Biology) --- Physical anthropology --- Evolutionary psychology --- Human beings --- Self-organizing systems --- Variation (Biology) --- Biological fitness --- Causes and theories of causation --- Origin --- Mathematics. --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Bio-informatics --- Biological informatics --- Information science --- Computational biology --- Systems biology --- Data processing --- Mathematics