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Procambarus clarkii --- Crayfish --- Crustacean culture --- extension activities --- Tropical zones

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Au cours des dernières décennies, de nombreuses espèces exotiques ont été introduites de manière volontaire et involontaire par l’homme dans nos écosystèmes. Le nombre d’espèces exotiques présent dans l’Union européenne est estimé à environ 12.000 espèces. Parmi ces espèces, entre 10 et 15% sont considérées comme envahissantes. Elles constituent dès lors une menace pour la biodiversité et les services fournis par les écosystèmes.
Afin d’améliorer les stratégies de gestion des espèces exotiques envahissantes, le projet Life RIPARIAS a vu le jour en janvier 2021. Ce mémoire a été réalisé en lien avec celui-ci. Il concerne plus spécifiquement les cinq espèces d’écrevisses envahissantes (Orconectes limosus Rafinesque, Orconectes virilis Hagen, Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana, Procambarus clarkii Girard et Procambarus fallax Hagen) et les huit plantes aquatiques envahissantes (Cabomba caroliniana A.Gray, Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H. St. John, Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L.f., Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss, Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet, Ludwigia peploides (Kunth.) P.H. Raven, Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. et Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michaux) ciblées par le projet Life RIPARIAS.
Le premier objectif de cette étude est de présenter l’état de l’art des méthodes de gestion existantes pour la lutte contre les écrevisses et les plantes aquatiques envahissantes. Le second objectif est d’étudier l’efficacité de ces méthodes afin d’orienter les gestionnaires vers les techniques les plus adéquates en fonction des situations rencontrées.
En vue de répondre à ces objectifs, une recherche systématique a été opérée au sein de la littérature scientifique. Sur base des résultats obtenus, des conseils sont donnés aux gestionnaires sous forme de fiches synthèses listant l’ensemble des points clés. Des arbres de décision sont également présentés afin d’aiguiller les gestionnaires dans leurs choix.
Une étude visant à comparer l’efficacité et la sélectivité des refuges artificiels par rapport aux nasses pour la gestion de l’écrevisse de Louisiane (Procambarus clarkii) est également présentée dans ce mémoire. Over the past decades, many alien species have been introduced voluntarily and involuntarily into our ecosystems by humans. The number of alien species present in the European Union is estimated at approximately 12,000 species. Among these species, between 10 and 15% are considered invasive. They constitute therefore a threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services.
In order to improve management strategies for invasive alien species, the Life RIPARIAS project was initiated in January 2021. This thesis was carried out in collaboration with this Life project. It focuses on five invasive crayfish species (Orconectes limosus Rafinesque, Orconectes virilis Hagen, Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana, Procambarus clarkii Girard and Procambarus fallax Hagen) and the eight invasive aquatic plants (Cabomba caroliniana A.Gray, Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H. St. John, Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L.f., Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss, Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet, Ludwigia peploides (Kunth.) P.H. Raven, Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. and Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michaux).
The first aim of this study is to present the state of the art of existing management methods for the control of invasive crayfish and aquatic plants. The second aim is to study the effectiveness of these methods in order to guide managers towards the most appropriate techniques according to the situations encountered.
In order to meet these objectives, a systematic search was carried out in the scientific literature. On the basis of the results obtained, guidance is given to managers through summary sheets. Decision trees are also presented to guide managers in their choices.
A study to compare the effectiveness and selectivity of artificial refuge traps to traps for the management of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is also presented in this thesis.

Invasive crayfish --- Invasive aquatique plants --- Management --- control --- eradication --- Ecrevisses exotiques envahissantes --- Plantes aquatiques envahissantes --- Gestion --- Contrôle --- éradication --- Orconectes virilis --- Orconectes limosus --- Procambarus clarkii --- Procambarus fallax --- Pacifastacus leniusculus --- Cabomba caroliniana --- Lagarosiphon major --- Ludwigia peploides --- Ludwigia grandiflora --- Myriophyllum aquaticum --- Elodea nuttallii --- Hydrocotyle ranunculoides --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences de l'environnement & écologie

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Freshwater macroinvertebrates play a crucial role in linking sediments and their processes to the food web. Indeed, environmental modifications (e.g., nitrogen deposition, salinity, and temperature increase), pollution (e.g., pesticides and heavy metals), and introduction of alien species are the main drivers of changes that are affecting their communities. This Special Issue aims to present the past and present knowledge on freshwater macroinvertebrates to understand their role as providers of ecosystem services, to highlight the effects of global changes on their community (in the short and long term), and to underline major gaps in their study. Finally, in order to tackle the currently unsustainable use of freshwater natural capital, we welcome ideas and expert opinions on the development of future research linked to national and international regulations.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- biological quality element --- chemical analysis --- Chironomus riparius --- DDTs --- legacy contaminants --- PCBs --- POP --- standard ecotoxicological tests --- Water Framework Directive --- lakes --- invasion biology --- non-indigenous species --- Procambarus Clarkii --- Pacifastacus Leniusculus --- Orconectes Limosus --- snails --- endemic species --- invasive species --- random forest model --- multivariate analysis --- partial dependence analysis --- calcrete aquifer --- epikarst --- hyporheal --- hypotelminorheal --- stygobiont --- bioassessment --- temporal trend --- altitude --- climate --- insects --- grain-size --- sediment --- macroinvertebrates --- ecological status --- multimetric indices --- coevolution --- epizoosis --- grazing --- periphyton --- scrapers --- indices and metrics --- sediment quality --- St. Lawrence River --- highly humic lakes --- ecological status assessment --- saprobic index --- general degradation index

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Ranaviruses and other viruses within the family Iridoviridae, infect a wide range of ecologically and commercially important ectothermic vertebrates, i.e., bony fish, amphibians, and reptiles, and invertebrates, including agricultural and medical pests and cultured shrimp and crayfish, and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. Understanding the impact of these various agents on diverse host species requires the combined efforts of ecologists, veterinarians, pathologists, comparative immunologists and molecular virologists. Unfortunately, investigators involved in these studies often work in discipline-specific silos that preclude interaction with others whose insights and approaches are required to comprehensively address problems related to ranavirus/iridovirus disease. Our intent here is to breakdown these silos and provide a forum where diverse researchers with a common interest in ranavirus/iridovirus biology can profitably interact. As a colleague once quipped, “Three people make a genius.” We are hoping to do something along those lines by presenting a collection of research articles dealing with issues of anti-viral immunity, identification of a potentially novel viral genus exemplified by erythrocytic necrosis virus, viral inhibition of innate immunity, identification of novel hosts for lymphocystivirus and invertebrate iridoviruses, and modelling studies of ranavirus transmission. Collectively these and others will exemplify the breadth of ongoing studies focused on this virus family.

risk assessment --- n/a --- CQIV --- mathematical models --- amphibian --- iridovirus --- ISDL --- Exopalaemon carinicauda --- viral load --- virus isolation --- European chub --- outbreak --- Unconventional T cell --- early detection --- susceptible species --- viral immune evasion --- DNA virus --- Rana grylio virus --- antibody --- intracellular localization --- Rana grylio virus (RGV) --- British Columbia --- Iridoviridae --- Andrias davidianus ranavirus --- viral infection --- susceptible-infected (SI) models --- yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) --- prevalence --- host-pathogen interactions --- Pacific herring --- Procambarus clarkii --- Bayesian inference --- eDNA --- amphibians --- Artemia spp. --- ranavirosis --- cross-species transmission --- FV3 --- SHIV --- Gryllus bimaculatus --- Pacific salmon --- NF-?B --- cricket --- IIV-6 --- virus binding --- erythrocytic necrosis virus (ENV) --- envelope protein --- iridovirus core proteins --- emerging infection --- host --- Ranavirus --- white head --- Rana temporaria --- Imd --- biosecurity --- antiviral immunity --- Decapodiridovirus --- endemic disease --- Macrobrachium rosenbergii --- co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) --- Common frog --- aquatic animals --- virus surveillance --- immunomodulators --- frog virus 3 --- ELISA --- DIV1 --- megalocytivirus --- Lymphocystis disease virus --- bearded dragon --- susceptibility --- protein interaction --- Pogona vitticeps --- viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) --- histopathology --- epidemiology --- native-fish conservation --- viral transmission --- Sparus aurata --- immunohistochemistry --- lizard --- disease dynamics --- immunofluorescence --- transmission modelling --- Macrobrachium nipponense --- interferon --- nonclassical MHC --- heparan sulfate --- ranavirus --- Mexico