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This book addresses the over-prescribing of antidepressants in people with mostly mild and subthreshold depression. It outlines the steep increase in antidepressant prescription and critically examines the current scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in depression. The book is not only concerned with the conflicting views as to whether antidepressants are useful or ineffective in various forms of depression, but also aims at detailing how flaws in the conduct and reporting of antidepressant trials have led to an overestimation of benefits and underestimation of harms. The transformation of the diagnostic concept of depression from a rare but serious disorder to an over-inclusive, highly prevalent but predominantly mild and self-limiting disorder is central to the books argument. It maintains that biological reductionism in psychiatry and pharmaceutical marketing reframed depression as a brain disorder, corroborating the overemphasis on drug treatment in both research and practice. Finally, the author goes on to explore how pharmaceutical companies have distorted the scientific literature on the efficacy and safety of antidepressants and how patient advocacy groups, leading academics, and medical organisations with pervasive financial ties to the industry helped to promote systematically biased benefit-harm evaluations, affecting public attitudes towards antidepressants as well as medical education, training, and practice. Michael P. Hengartner is a senior researcher and lecturer at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland. He has published over 130 peer-reviewed journal articles and four book chapters. He was an expert evaluator for the European Research Council and the World Health Organization and currently is a member of the Swiss School of Public Health, the German Society for Social Psychiatry,and the European Public Health Association.

Antidepressants. --- Drugs --- Medical anthropology. --- Prescribing. --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Anthropology --- Drug prescribing --- Prescribing of drugs --- Prescription of drugs --- Chemotherapy --- Antidepressive agents --- Energizers, Psychic --- Psychic energizers --- Psychotropic drugs --- Depression, Mental --- Anthropological aspects --- Antidepressius --- Prescripció de medicaments --- Medicina basada en l'evidència --- Clinical psychology. --- Psychiatry. --- Social medicine. --- Psychology, Pathological. --- Public health. --- Clinical Psychology. --- Medical Sociology. --- Medical Anthropology. --- Psychopathology. --- Public Health.

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Medicine. --- Toxicology. --- Gastroenterology. --- Internal medicine --- Digestive organs --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Health Workforce --- Diseases --- Toxicology --- Quimioteràpia --- Gastroenterologia --- Medicina interna --- Aparell digestiu --- Gastroenterologia pediàtrica --- Proctologia --- Tracte gastrointestinal --- Hepatologia --- Malalties de l'aparell digestiu --- Farmacoteràpia --- Immunoquimioteràpia --- Terapèutica medicamentosa --- Terapèutica per agents químics (Medicina) --- Tractament amb medicaments --- Tractament per agents químics (Medicina) --- Us terapèutic dels medicaments --- Terapèutica --- Administració de medicaments --- Antibiòtics --- Diürètics --- Fotoquimioteràpia --- Pirogens --- Psicofarmacologia --- Prescripció de medicaments --- Quimioteràpia del càncer --- Utilització de medicaments --- Farmacologia --- Medicaments

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This first volume of an exciting new book series offers a comprehensive and logically organized introduction to clinical pharmacy as applied to renal medicine. The volume opens with a review of renal pharmacokinetics: absorption; distribution; metabolism; and elimination, as well as drug dosing in renal impairment, and important knowledge specific to aging and renal impairment. Acute kidney injury receives extensive attention, including pre-renal, intra-renal, and post-renal injuries. The book also outlines the role of clinical pharmacy in chronic kidney disease and end stage renal failure. Additional chapters provide detailed information on the methods and pharmacokinetics of renal dialysis, and the epidemiology and management of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. The Advanced Clinical Pharmacy series provides a review of core pharmaceutical concepts, a foundation for optimizing pharmacotherapy, and an introduction to advanced clinical practice. The editors and contributors are international experts who distill the core knowledge of each specialty. The books offer real-world insights to benefit both new practitioners, and experienced pharmacists exploring new areas of clinical pharmacy.

Pharmacy. --- Pharmacotherapy. --- Nephrology. --- Internal medicine --- Kidneys --- Drug therapy --- Pharmacotherapy --- Therapeutics --- Drugs --- Pharmacology --- Chemistry --- Medicine --- Materia medica --- Clinical pharmacology. --- Diseases --- Treatment. --- Clinical medicine --- Quimioteràpia --- Malalties del ronyó --- Malalties dels ronyons --- Malalties renals --- Nefropaties --- Malalties de l'aparell urinari --- Càlculs renals --- Hipertensió renal --- Glomerulonefritis --- Insuficiència renal --- Nefropaties diabètiques --- Osteodistròfia renal --- Proteïnúria --- Síndrome nefròtica --- Nefrologia --- Ronyó --- Farmacoteràpia --- Immunoquimioteràpia --- Terapèutica medicamentosa --- Terapèutica per agents químics (Medicina) --- Tractament amb medicaments --- Tractament per agents químics (Medicina) --- Us terapèutic dels medicaments --- Terapèutica --- Administració de medicaments --- Antibiòtics --- Diürètics --- Fotoquimioteràpia --- Pirogens --- Psicofarmacologia --- Prescripció de medicaments --- Quimioteràpia del càncer --- Utilització de medicaments --- Farmacologia --- Medicaments --- Chemotherapy.

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This book provides an overview of the etiology of coronary artery disease and focuses on the main therapies and drug interventions currently available. It highlights drug pharmacology and therapeutic challenges, with a special emphasis on the underlying principles of available therapeutics and the on-going development of drugs for coronary artery disease. The book is divided into eight chapters, the first of which describes the classical mechanism of coronary artery disease and its clinical presentations. Chapter 2 lists the principles of and related evidence on the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease. This includes diet and lifestyle management, and guidelines for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease. In turn, Chapter 3 describes revascularization treatments, covering percutaneous coronary interventions, coronary artery bypass grafts and thrombolysis. This chapter also addresses the main therapeutic challenges. The following chapters provide an overview of three major categories of coronary artery disease drugs, which target thrombosis (Chapter 4), lipid metabolism (Chapter 5), and hypertension (Chapter 6). Heart failure constitutes the major health burden in the late stage of coronary artery disease; accordingly, current heart failure therapeutics and related drug pharmacology are described in Chapter 7. In closing, Chapter 8 provides a summary of on-going clinical trials for coronary artery disease drug development and discusses a number of promising areas in which intensive research into new therapeutics is being pursued. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to clinicians, medical students and research scientists, as well as to pharmaceutical professionals who are seeking new therapies and drugs for coronary artery disease and related disorders.

Pharmacology. --- Cardiology. --- Pharmacotherapy. --- Cardiac surgery. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Cardiac Surgery. --- Cardiac surgery --- Heart --- Open-heart surgery --- Drug therapy --- Pharmacotherapy --- Therapeutics --- Drugs --- Pharmacology --- Internal medicine --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemicals --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacy --- Diseases --- Surgery --- Physiological effect --- Coronary heart disease --- Treatment. --- Malalties coronàries --- Quimioteràpia --- Cirurgia cardíaca --- Cirurgia del cor --- Cirurgia cardiovascular --- Cateterisme cardíac --- Derivació cardiopulmonar --- Trasplantament cardíac --- Anestèsia en cardiologia --- Farmacoteràpia --- Immunoquimioteràpia --- Terapèutica medicamentosa --- Terapèutica per agents químics (Medicina) --- Tractament amb medicaments --- Tractament per agents químics (Medicina) --- Us terapèutic dels medicaments --- Terapèutica --- Administració de medicaments --- Antibiòtics --- Diürètics --- Fotoquimioteràpia --- Pirogens --- Psicofarmacologia --- Prescripció de medicaments --- Quimioteràpia del càncer --- Utilització de medicaments --- Farmacologia --- Medicaments --- Arterioesclerosi coronària --- Cardiopatia isquèmica --- Coronariopaties --- Isquèmia miocardíaca --- Malalties de les artèries coronàries --- Malalties cardiovasculars --- Angina de pit --- Infart de miocardi --- Chemotherapy. --- Surgery.

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This book focuses on the application of nanotechnology in medicine and drug delivery, including diagnosis and therapy. Nanomedicine can contribute to the development of a personalized medicine both for diagnosis and therapy. By interacting with biological molecules at nanoscale level, nanotechnology opens up an immense field of research and applications. Interactions between artificial molecular assemblies or nanodevices and biomolecules can be understood both in the extracellular medium and inside human cells. Operating at nanoscale allows exploitation of physical properties different from those observed at microscale, such as the volume to surface area ratio. A number of clinical applications of nanobiotechnology, such as disease diagnosis, target-specific drug delivery, and molecular imaging are being investigated. Some promising new products are also undergoing clinical trials. Such advanced applications of this approach to biological systems will undoubtedly transform the foundations of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease in the future. This book provides clear, colorful and simple illustrations, tables, and case studies to clearly convey the content to a general audience and reader. This book also discusses the development of nanobiomaterials from biogenic (biological sources) systems for healthcare and disease therapies. This book, therefore, is useful for researchers and academicians in the fields of nanotechnology, medicine, nano-biotechnology and pharmacology.

Microbiology. --- Nanotechnology. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Medical microbiology. --- Plant breeding. --- Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Crops --- Agriculture --- Breeding --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Medicine --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Nanostructured materials. --- Nanomedicine. --- Nanotechnology --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Microstructure --- Nanotecnologia --- Enginyeria biomèdica --- Medicaments --- Fàrmacs --- Medicines --- Farmacopees --- Química farmacèutica --- Compostos bioactius --- Accés als medicaments --- Afrodisíacs --- Agents antilipèmics --- Antidiabètics --- Botànica mèdica --- Conservació de medicaments --- Contraceptius --- Diürètics --- Envasament de medicaments --- Excipients --- Farmacognòsia --- Farmacologia cardiovascular --- Interaccions dels medicaments --- Medicaments antineoplàstics --- Medicaments cardiovasculars --- Medicaments congelats --- Medicaments liofilitzats --- Medicaments orfes --- Medicaments peptídics --- Medicaments respiratoris --- Microbiologia farmacèutica --- Psicofàrmacs --- Prescripció de medicaments --- Preu dels medicaments --- Relaxants musculars --- Administració de medicaments --- Farmàcia --- Farmacologia --- Matèria mèdica --- Quimioteràpia --- Validació (Medicaments) --- Enginyeria clínica --- Enginyeria mèdica --- Bioenginyeria --- Biofísica --- Enginyeria --- Medicina --- Electrònica mèdica --- Enginyeria de teixits --- Materials biomèdics --- Aparells i instruments mèdics --- Enginyeria molecular --- Tecnologia molecular --- Alta tecnologia --- Electrònica molecular --- Espintrònica --- Materials nanoestructurats --- Nanoelectrònica --- Nanolitografia --- Nanomedicina --- Nanoquímica