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T-lymphocytes --- Preleukemia --- Mouse leukemia viruses --- Thymus neoplasms --- T-lymphocytes --- Preleukemia --- Mouse leukemia viruses --- Thymus neoplasms

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Preleukemia --- Leukemia, Radiation-Induced --- Thymus Gland --- pathology --- cytology

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This book deals with the rapid progress in the area of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). MDS are a group of age-associated heterogeneous malignant bone marrow stem cell disorders. MDS are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, which leads to refractory cytopenias and to clonal instability. Patients with MDS have myeloid dysplasia, intramedullary apoptosis and an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The use of next generation sequencing has allowed for the identification of molecular mutations in several genes in about 90% of MDS patients. Several mutations will likely be incorporated into future prognostic scoring systems for MDS. About 50% of MDS cases are characterized by the presence of cytogenetic abnormalities. The correct morphological and cytogenetic analysis interpretation plays an important role in diagnosis and prognosis of these disorders. Cell death and an inflammatory gene signature are associated with MDS. Better understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of MDS pathogenesis provides an opportunity for new treatment strategies to be developed. Promising novel therapies targeting pathophysiological mechanisms of MDS are being studied but the drugs currently used in MDS therapy remain limited. The only curative therapy for MDS is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Recent advances in strategies to minimize transplant-related toxicity make this treatment possible for more MDS patients who are sufficiently fit.

Myelodysplastic syndromes. --- Bone marrow --- Dysmyelopoietic syndromes --- Dysplasia --- Syndromes --- Preleukemia --- Diseases --- Medicine --- Hematological Oncology --- Hematology --- Health Sciences

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Hematology has constantly been advancing in parallel with technological developments that have expanded our understanding of the phenotypic, genetic, and molecular complexity and extreme clinical and biological heterogeneity of leukemias. This in turn allowed for developing more effective and less toxic alternative therapeutic approaches directed against critical molecular pathways in leukemic cells. The continuous and rather extensive influx of new information regarding the key features and underlying mechanisms as well as treatment options of leukemias requires frequent updating of this topic. The primary objective of this book is to provide the specialists involved in the clinical management and experimental research of acute and chronic leukemias with comprehensive and concise information on some important theoretical and practical developments in the biology, clinical assessment, and treatment of patients with leukemias; on specific clinical scenarios such as pregnancy or age; as well as on some molecular and pathogenetic mechanisms and their respective translation into novel therapies.

Leukemia. --- Leucaemia --- Leucemia --- Leucocythaemia --- Leucocythemia --- Leucosis --- Leukaemia --- Leukosis --- Anemia --- Cancer --- Leucocytosis --- Preleukemia --- Oncology

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Myelodysplastic syndromes. --- Bone marrow --- Dysmyelopoietic syndromes --- Dysplasia --- Syndromes --- Preleukemia --- Diseases. --- Diseases