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AA / International- internationaal --- 337.53 --- Voorkeur- of preferentiële tarieven. --- Tariff preferences --- Préférences douanières --- Voorkeur- of preferentiële tarieven

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Tariff preferences --- Préférences douanières --- European Union --- European Union countries --- Baltic States --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Pays baltes --- Commerce

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As multilateral negotiations become increasingly complex and protracted, preferential trade agreements have become the center of trade diplomacy, pushing beyond tariffs into deep integration and beyond regionalism into a web of bilateral deals, raising concerns about coercion by bigger players. This study examines American, European and Asian approaches to preferential trade agreements and their effects on trade, investment and economic welfare. It draws on theoretical works, but also examines the actual substance of agreements negotiated and envisaged.--Publisher's description.

Foreign trade policy --- America --- Asia --- Europe --- Tariff preferences --- Préférences douanières --- Etats-Unis --- BUSINESS & ECONOMICS --- Commercial Policy --- Commerce --- Business & Economics --- International Commerce --- Préférences douanières --- Differential duty --- Discriminating duty --- Generalized system of preferences (Tariff) --- GSP (Tariff) --- Preferences, Tariff --- Preferential duty --- Preferential tariff --- Trade preferences --- Tariff --- E-books --- Tariff preferences - United States --- Tariff preferences - Europe --- Tariff preferences - Asia --- Droit international économique --- Droit commercial (droit international) --- Commerce international --- Accords commerciaux --- Coopération internationale --- États-Unis --- Asie --- Etudes comparatives

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Preferential trade agreements have become common ways to protect or restrict access to national markets in products and services. The United States has signed trade agreements with almost two dozen countries as close as Mexico and Canada and as distant as Morocco and Australia. The European Union has done the same. In addition to addressing economic issues, these agreements also regulate the protection of human rights. In Forced to Be Good, Emilie M. Hafner-Burton tells the story of the politics of such agreements and of the ways in which governments pursue market integration policies that advance their own political interests, including human rights. How and why do global norms for social justice become international regulations linked to seemingly unrelated issues, such as trade? Hafner-Burton finds that the process has been unconventional. Efforts by human rights advocates and labor unions to spread human rights ideals, for example, do not explain why American and European governments employ preferential trade agreements to protect human rights. Instead, most of the regulations protecting human rights are codified in global moral principles and laws only because they serve policymakers' interests in accumulating power or resources or solving other problems. Otherwise, demands by moral advocates are tossed aside. And, as Hafner-Burton shows, even the inclusion of human rights protections in trade agreements is no guarantee of real change, because many of the governments that sign on to fair trade regulations oppose such protections and do not intend to force their implementation. Ultimately, Hafner-Burton finds that, despite the difficulty of enforcing good regulations and the less-than-noble motives for including them, trade agreements that include human rights provisions have made a positive difference in the lives of some of the people they are intended-on paper, at least-to protect.

Tariff preferences --- Commercial treaties --- International trade --- Human rights --- Préférences douanières --- Accords commerciaux --- Commerce international --- Droits de l'homme (Droit international) --- Social aspects. --- Economic aspects. --- Aspect social --- Aspect économique --- POLITICAL SCIENCE --- International Relations / Trade & Tariffs --- Commerce --- Business & Economics --- International Commerce --- Social aspects --- Economic aspects --- Préférences douanières --- Aspect économique --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Trade agreements (Commerce) --- Differential duty --- Discriminating duty --- Generalized system of preferences (Tariff) --- GSP (Tariff) --- Preferences, Tariff --- Preferential duty --- Preferential tariff --- Trade preferences --- Law and legislation --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Competition, International --- Foreign trade regulation --- Treaties --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Tariff

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Foreign trade policy --- European Union --- United States --- Tariff preferences --- Préférences douanières --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Etats-Unis --- Developing countries --- Pays en développement --- Commerce --- 339.54 --- -Tariff preferences --- -Developing Countries --- AA / International- internationaal --- 337.53 --- Differential duty --- Discriminating duty --- Generalized system of preferences (Tariff) --- GSP (Tariff) --- Preferences, Tariff --- Preferential duty --- Preferential tariff --- Trade preferences --- Tariff --- Buitenlandse economische politiek. Buitenlandse handelspolitiek. Instrumentarium van de buitenlandse handel --- Commerce. --- Voorkeur- of preferentiële tarieven. --- Tariff preferences. --- Developing Countries --- 339.54 Buitenlandse economische politiek. Buitenlandse handelspolitiek. Instrumentarium van de buitenlandse handel --- Préférences douanières --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Pays en développement --- Voorkeur- of preferentiële tarieven --- Tariff preferences - United States --- Tariff preferences - European Economic Community countries --- Developing countries - Commerce --- United States of America